Editing Kobarid (section)

==History==
Kobarid has been inhabited since prehistoric times. Archaeological remains from the [[Hallstatt period]] have been found in the area. The nearby Tonocov Grad archaeological site has remains of 5th-century [[Roman Empire|Roman]] buildings,<ref>[http://www.kobariski-muzej.si/ Kobarid Museum site]</ref> when the area was located in the forefront of the ''[[Claustra Alpium Iuliarum]]'' defense system. The settlement was an important base on the [[Roman road]] from ''[[Cividale del Friuli|Forum Iulii]]'' (present-day Cividale del Friuli) up to the [[Predil Pass]] and the [[Noricum]] province.

===Middle Ages===
In the 6th century, the area was settled by [[Slavic settlement of the Eastern Alps|Slavic tribes]], ancestors of the modern [[Slovenes]]. When Kobarid was first mentioned in 1184, it was part of the [[Patria del Friuli]] ruled by the [[Patriarchate of Aquileia|Patriarchs of Aquileia]].

While the estates in the west were gradually conquered by the [[Republic of Venice]] until 1420, Kobarid together with [[Tolmin]] County and the possessions of the [[County of Gorizia|Counts of Gorizia]] was incorporated in the [[Inner Austria]]n territories of the [[Habsburg monarchy]], like the [[Slovene Lands|Slovene-speaking territories]] of [[Carniola]] and [[Styria (Slovenia)|Lower Styria]].

===Modern time===
From 1754 Kobarid belonged to the newly established Princely County of [[Gorizia and Gradisca]], a Habsburg [[crown land]] which later formed the [[Austrian Littoral]] together with the [[March of Istria]] and the [[Imperial Free City of Trieste]].

With the exception of a brief period between 1809 and 1813, when it was included under the [[Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)|Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy]], Kobarid remained under [[Austrian Empire|Austria]]n rule until 1918. In the mid-19th century, the town became an important centre of the Slovene national revival.

===World wars===
[[File:Kobariski muzej.jpg|thumb|Kobarid World War I museum]]
At the outset of World War I, the area saw one of the first victims of the conflict, Countess [[Lucy Christalnigg]], killed by Landsturmer guards while she was on a mission for the [[International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement|Red Cross]].<ref>L'ultima estate, Nello Cristianini, 2014 - {{ISBN|978-1495363924}}</ref> During the war, the whole area was the theatre of the [[Battles of the Isonzo]], fought between the [[Kingdom of Italy]] and [[Austria-Hungary]]. The town was almost completely destroyed between 1915 and 1917.

After the end of the war in 1918, Kobarid was occupied by the Italian Army, and upon the 1919 [[Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919)|Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye]] it was officially annexed to Italy and incorporated into the [[Julian March]] region. Kobarid was a ''[[comune]]'' of the [[Province of Gorizia]] (as Caporetto), except during the period between 1924 and 1927, when the Province of Gorizia was abolished and annexed to the [[Province of Udine]]. Between 1922 and 1943, Kobarid was submitted to a policy of violent [[Fascism|Fascist]] Italianization and many locals emigrated to the neighbouring [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia]]. The town became one of the crucial centres of recruitment and activity of the militant [[Anti-Fascism|anti-fascist]] organization [[TIGR]], which carried out an underground fight against the [[Italian Fascism|Italian Fascist]] regime. During the Italian administration, Kobarid also became an important symbolic place for the Fascist authorities because of its role in World War I. An [[The Italian Charnel House, Kobarid|Italian military ossuary]] was built on the hill above the town, and [[Benito Mussolini]] visited Kobarid in 1938.

Immediately after the [[Italian armistice]] in September 1943, Kobarid was liberated by a [[Yugoslav partisans|Partisan]] uprising, and became the center of large liberated area of around 2,500 square kilometers, known as the Kobarid Republic, administered by the [[Liberation Front of the Slovenian People]]. During this period, almost all Italian families that settled in Kobarid during the 25 years of Italian administration left the town. In early November 1943, [[Nazi Germany|Nazi German]] forces took over the town and established their rule until May 1945, when the town was finally liberated by the [[Yugoslav People's Army]].

In early June 1945, Kobarid came under joint British–U.S. occupation and placed under Allied temporary military administration until the establishment of a final border between Italy and Yugoslavia. The [[Morgan Line]], which divided the Allied military occupation zone from the Yugoslav one, ran just east of the town, along the Soča River.

In September 1947, the [[Paris Peace Treaties]] gave the town to [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]]. Several hundred inhabitants, especially from the [[Breginj]] area, chose emigration to [[Italy]] rather than becoming citizens of a [[Communist]] state.