Editing Kelseyville, California (section)

=== 19th century ===
In the centuries before Europeans arrived, the Eastern [[Pomo]] and Clear Lake [[Wappo]] (also designated as Lile'ek Wappo) people lived along the shores of [[Clear Lake (California)|Clear Lake]]. In addition to the fish caught in the lake and streams, they hunted waterfowl and gathered berries, seeds, clover and acorn. The Pomo and Wappo built homes and canoes of [[tule reed]]s found at the lakeshore.

Both Eastern Pomo and Clear Lake Wappo bands lived in the area now designated as Kelseyville, the Pomo concentrated along [[Kelsey Creek (Lake County)|Kelsey Creek]] all the way to [[Cobb Mountain]], and the Wappo along Cole Creek and on the western slope of [[Mount Konocti]]. At some point, both tribes allegedly warred when the Wappo attempted to divert fish from Kelsey Creek into Cole Creek. The Clear Lake Wappo, which were one of the tribes enslaved by [[Andrew Kelsey]] and Charles Stone, eventually disappeared from the area. The exact location of the former indigenous community of ''Xabenapo'' or ''Xalanapo'' (which according to some authors designates the people rather than the town) remains unknown, but it is estimated to have been slightly south of present-day Kelseyville proper, along Kelsey Creek. Several other names have been documented for the village itself: ''Nonapoti'', ''Bidamiwina'' and ''Shabegok''.<ref>{{cite journal|number=37|date=December 1977|title=Ethnographic and historical sketch of the Eastern Pomo and their neighbors, the Southeastern Pomo|first=Sally|last=McLendon|journal=Contributions of the University of California Archaeological Research Facility}}</ref>

The Kelseyville area was part of [[Rancho Lupyomi]], the [[Ranchos of California|land grant]] [[Californio]] Salvador Vallejo, [[Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo]]'s brother, received in 1844 from the Mexican government. In 1847, Vallejo sold the livestock that had remained in the area to [[Benjamin Kelsey|Ben]] and [[Andrew Kelsey]], Charles Stone and E.D. Shirland. Andrew Kelsey and Charles Stone [[Forced labor in California|forced]] the local Indians to build them an [[adobe]] home about {{Convert|3|mi|km}} from the south shore of the lake, and immediately west of [[Kelsey Creek (Lake County)|Kelsey Creek]], as well as a large cattle [[corral]]. Stone and Kelsey enslaved the Pomo and Wappo people in two fenced camps they couldn't leave, forcing them to work under threat of torture and death. Many native people died of starvation and neglect. Stone and Kelsey were also known to rape native women and girls. Multiple and continuous abuse led to their killing by the indigenous population in 1849, which would lead to the [[Bloody Island Massacre]] in May 1850.<ref>{{cite book|last=Madley|first=Benjamin |title=An American genocide: The United States and the California Indian catastrophe, 1846-1873 |date=2016|publisher=Yale University Press|location=New Haven |isbn=978-0-300-18136-4}}</ref>

More [[European Americans|European American]] settlers established themselves in the area in the mid-1850s, after the removal of indigenous populations to [[rancheria]]s and the sale of Rancho Lupyomi was challenged in court.

According to Woods Crawford, an early pioneer quoted by historian Lyman L. Palmer, the first house built in the area (besides Stone and Kelsey's adobe home, which was eventually dismantled by other settlers salvaging materials)<ref>{{citation|title=Mauldin Files|url=https://museumsoflakeca.wixsite.com/website/mauldin-files|page=2516|volume=13}}</ref> was built in 1853 at the foot of Mount Konocti by J. Broome Smith and William Graves, the latter a [[Donner Party]] survivor.<ref>{{cite book|title=History of Napa and Lake counties, California|publisher=San Francisco, Slocum, Bowen & Co.|date=1881|first=Lyman L.|last=Palmer|location=San Francisco|page=63}}</ref>

The first [[blacksmith]] shop was reportedly opened by a blacksmith named Benham in 1857. It was not until 1864 that a second business was opened, a store owned by T.&nbsp;F. Fall. That same year, another general store and a boarding house were opened by Rosenbreau and Pace.<ref name="CarpenterMillberry1914">{{cite book|author1=Aurelius O. Carpenter|author2=Percy H. Millberry|title=History of Mendocino and Lake Counties, California: With Biographical Sketches of the Leading, Men and Women of the Counties who Have Been Identified with Their Growth and Development from the Early Days to the Present|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofmendoci00carp|year=1914|publisher=Historic Record Company|page=[https://archive.org/details/historyofmendoci00carp/page/778 778]}}</ref>