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===Sections=== The genus has been divided into sections in somewhat different ways. A system based on [[Molecular phylogenetics|molecular phylogenetic]] data from 2013 and earlier used three sections:<ref name=AdamSchw13>{{Cite journal |last1=Adams |first1=Robert P. |last2=Schwarzbach |first2=Andrea E. |date=2013 |title=Phylogeny of ''Juniperus'' using nrDNA and four cpDNA regions |journal=Phytologia |volume=95 |issue=2 |pages=179β187 |url=http://www.juniperus.org/uploads/2/2/6/3/22639912/304.pdf |access-date=2022-04-22 |name-list-style=amp }}</ref> * Section ''Caryocedrus'' β 1 species with large, blue, woody, 3-seeded cones; native to the Mediterranean * Section ''Juniperus'' β 14 species with blue or red seed cones, often with 3 seeds; 12 species native to the [[eastern hemisphere]], one endemic to North America, and one species, ''J. communis'', circumboreal * Section ''Sabina'' β about 60 species with variously coloured seed cones with 1 to 13 seeds; species about equally divided between the eastern and western hemispheres ''Juniperus'' sect. ''Sabina'' was further divided into clades.<ref name=AdamSchw13/> A new classification of gymnosperms published in 2022 recognised the sections as three separate genera: ''Arceuthos'' for section ''Caryocedrus'', ''Sabina'' for section ''Sabina'', and ''Juniperus'' ''sensu stricto'' for section ''Juniperus''.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Yang |first1=Yong |last2=Ferguson |first2=David Kay |last3=Liu |first3=Bing |last4=Mao |first4=Kang-Shan |last5=Gao |first5=Lian-Ming |last6=Zhang |first6=Shou-Zhou |last7=Wan |first7=Tao |last8=Rushforth |first8=Keith |last9=Zhang |first9=Zhi-Xiang |title=Recent advances on phylogenomics of gymnosperms and a new classification |year=2022 |journal=Plant Diversity |volume=44 |issue=4 |pages=340β350 |doi=10.1016/j.pld.2022.05.003 |pmid=35967253 |pmc=9363647 |bibcode=2022PlDiv..44..340Y }}</ref>
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