Editing June 12 (section)

===1601–1900===
*[[1643]] &ndash; The [[Westminster Assembly]] is convened by the [[Parliament of England]], without the assent of [[Charles I of England|Charles I]], in order to restructure the [[Church of England]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Letham |first=Robert |title=The Westminster Assembly: Reading Its Theology in Historical Context |series=The Westminster Assembly and the Reformed Faith |year=2009 |publisher=P&R Publishing |location=Phillipsburg, NJ |isbn=978-0-87552-612-6 |page=30}}</ref>
*[[1653]] &ndash; [[First Anglo-Dutch War]]: The [[Battle of the Gabbard]] begins, lasting until the following day.<ref>{{cite book |author=Lincoln P. Paine |title=Warships of the World to 1900 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Xh7CSxFeK-IC&pg=PA220 |year=2000 |publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt |isbn=0-395-98414-9 |pages=220}}</ref>
*[[1665]] &ndash; [[Thomas Willett]] is appointed the first mayor of New York City.<ref>{{cite book |author=New York (N.Y.). Department of Public Works |title=The Renascence of City Hall: Commemorative Presentation, Rededication of City Hall, the City of New York, July 12, 1956 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=koAMAAAAYAAJ |year=1956 |publisher=Published with the cooperation of the co-sponsor DowntownManhattan Association, Incorporated |page=67}}</ref>
*[[1758]] &ndash; [[French and Indian War]]: [[Siege of Louisbourg (1758)|Siege of Louisbourg]]: [[James Wolfe]]'s attack at [[Louisbourg, Nova Scotia]], commences.<ref>{{cite book |author=A. J. B. Johnston |title=Endgame 1758: The Promise, the Glory, and the Despair of Louisbourg's Last Decade |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m73Le-o2NygC&pg=PA232 |date=1 December 2007 |publisher=U of Nebraska Press |isbn=978-0-8032-0986-2 |pages=232}}</ref>
*[[1772]] &ndash; French explorer [[Marc-Joseph Marion du Fresne]] and 25 of his men are killed by [[Māori people|Māori]] in [[New Zealand]].
*[[1775]] &ndash; [[American War of Independence]]: [[British Army|British general]] [[Thomas Gage]] declares [[martial law]] in [[Massachusetts Colony|Massachusetts]]. The British offer a pardon to all colonists who lay down their arms. There would be only two exceptions to the amnesty: [[Samuel Adams]] and [[John Hancock]], if captured, were to be hanged.
*[[1776]] &ndash; The [[Virginia Declaration of Rights]] is adopted.<ref>{{cite book |author=John J. Patrick |title=Founding the Republic: A Documentary History |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bPvq0-taGAEC&pg=PA52 |year=1995 |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |isbn=978-0-313-29226-2 |pages=52–}}</ref>
*[[1798]] &ndash; [[Irish Rebellion of 1798]]: [[Battle of Ballynahinch]].<ref>{{cite book |title=McCarty's Annual Statistician |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wHoZAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA124 |year=1879 |publisher=L.P. McCarty |pages=124}}</ref>
*[[1817]] &ndash; The earliest form of [[bicycle]], the [[dandy horse]], is driven by [[Karl von Drais]].
*[[1821]] &ndash; [[Badi VII]], king of [[Sennar (sultanate)|Sennar]], surrenders his throne and realm to [[Isma'il Pasha]], general of the [[Ottoman Empire]], ending the existence of that Sudanese kingdom.<ref>{{cite book |first1=P. M. |last1=Holt |first2=M. W. |last2=Daly |title=A History of the Sudan: From the Coming of Islam to the Present Day |edition=6th |publisher=Routledge |year=2011 |isbn=978-1405874458 |page=38}}</ref>
*[[1830]] &ndash; Beginning of the [[Invasion of Algiers in 1830|Invasion of Algiers]]: Thirty-four thousand French soldiers land 27 kilometers west of Algiers, at Sidi Ferruch.
*[[1864]] &ndash; [[American Civil War]], [[Overland Campaign]]: [[Battle of Cold Harbor]]: [[Ulysses S. Grant]] gives the Confederate forces under [[Robert E. Lee]] a victory when he pulls his Union troops from their position at [[Cold Harbor, Virginia]] and moves south.
*[[1898]] &ndash; [[Philippine Declaration of Independence]]: General [[Emilio Aguinaldo]] declares the [[Philippines]]' independence from Spain.<ref>{{cite book |last=Halili |first=Maria Christine N. |title=Philippine History |location=Manila |publisher=Rex Book Store |date=2004 |isbn=9789712339349 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gUt5v8ET4QYC |page=162}}</ref>
*[[1899]] &ndash; [[New Richmond tornado]]: The ninth deadliest [[tornado]] in U.S. history kills 117 people and injures around 200.
*[[1900]] &ndash; The [[Reichstag building|Reichstag]] approves new legislation continuing Germany's naval expansion program, providing for construction of 38 battleships over a 20-year period. Germany's fleet would be the largest in the world.<ref>{{cite book |first=Jacques |last=Legrand |title=Chronicle of the 20th Century |publisher=Ecam Publication |year=1987 |page=15 |isbn=0-942191-01-3}}</ref>