Editing Jump Jim Crow (section)

==Variants==
As he extended it from a single song into an entire minstrel revue, Rice routinely wrote additional verses for "Jump Jim Crow". Published versions from the period run as long as 66 verses; one extant version of the song, as archived by [[American Memory]], includes 150 verses.<ref>[http://www.bluegrassmessengers.com/jim-crow--version-3-150-verses-american-memory.aspx Alternative lyrics at Blugrassmessengers.com]</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Jim Crow complete in 150 verses|url=https://www.loc.gov/resource/amss.as106700.0/?st=text|access-date=2022-02-06|website=Library of Congress}}</ref> Verses range from the boastful [[doggerel]] of the original version to an endorsement of President [[Andrew Jackson]] (known as "Old Hickory"); his [[Whig Party (United States)|Whig]] opponent in the [[1832 United States presidential election|1832 election]] was [[Henry Clay]]:<ref>{{Harvnb|Strausbaugh|2006|pp=92–93}}</ref>

{{Poem quote|
Old hick'ry never mind de boys
But hold up your head;
For people never turn to clay
'Till arter dey be dead.<ref name=Strausbaugh-93>{{Harvnb|Strausbaugh|2006|p=93}}</ref>}}

Other verses by Rice, also written in 1832, demonstrate anti-slavery sentiments and cross-racial solidarity, sentiments that were rarely expressed in later [[blackface]] minstrelsy:<ref name=Strausbaugh-93 />

{{Poem quote|
Should dey get to fighting,
Perhaps de blacks will rise,
For deir wish for freedom,
Is shining in deir eyes.

And if de blacks should get free,
I guess dey'll see some bigger,
An I shall consider it,
A bold stroke for de nigger.

I'm for freedom,
An for Union altogether,
Although I'm a black man,
De white is call'd my broder.<ref name=Strausbaugh-93 />}}

The song also condemns Virginia for being the birthplace of [[George Washington]], and the landing place for slaves from Guinea in Africa.

{{Poem quote|
But bress dat Baltimore,
Wid a monument of stun,
Erected to de memory,
Ob great massa Washington.
Dan dare is de state,
Where de niggers lan from guinny,
De birth place ob dat great man,
Tree cheers for ol Virginny.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/resource/amss.as106700.0|title = Jim Crow complete in 150 verses|website = [[Library of Congress]]}}</ref>}}