Editing Jihad (section)

===Hadith===
There are also many [[hadiths]] (records of the teachings, deeds and sayings of the Islamic prophet Muhammad) about ''jihad'', typically under the headings of ''kitab al-jihad'' (book of ''jihad'') or ''faza'il al-jihad'' (virtues of ''jihad'') in ''hadith'' collections or as the subject of independent works.<ref name=Oz/> Of the 199 ''hadith'' references to ''jihad'' in the [[Sahih Bukhari|Bukhari]] collection of ''hadith'', all assume that ''jihad'' means warfare.<ref name="bukhari">{{cite book|last=ibn Ismāʻīl Bukhārī|first=Muḥammad |title=Ṣaḥīḥ Al-Bukhārī: The Translation of the Meanings of Sahih Al-Bukhari|url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=tB9quQEACAAJ}}|volume=v4|year=1981|publisher=Dar al-Fikr|location=Medina|pages=34–204|translator-last=Muhsin Khan|translator-first=Muhammad}}. Quoted in {{cite journal |url=http://www.meforum.org/357/what-does-jihad-mean |title=What Does ''Jihad'' Mean? |last=Streusand |first=Douglas E. |journal=Middle East Quarterly |date=September 1997 |pages=9–17 |quote=In ''hadith'' collections, ''jihad'' means armed action; for example, the 199 references to ''jihad'' in the most standard collection of ''hadith'', Sahih al-Bukhari, all assume that ''jihad'' means warfare. |access-date=24 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140908145532/http://www.meforum.org/357/what-does-jihad-mean |archive-date=8 September 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Streusand-1997">{{cite journal|last1=Streusand|first1=Douglas E.|title=What Does ''Jihad'' Mean?|journal=Middle East Quarterly|date=September 1997|volume=4|issue=3|pages=9–17|url=http://www.meforum.org/357/what-does-jihad-mean|access-date=12 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150701081937/http://www.meforum.org/357/what-does-jihad-mean|archive-date=1 July 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>

Among reported sayings of Muhammad involving ''jihad'' are:

{{blockquote|The best ''Jihad'' is the word of Justice in front of the oppressive sultan.|cited by [[Ibn Nuhaas]] and narrated by Ibn Habbaan<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.khilafah.com/index.php/analysis/middle-east/11132-protestors-lose-their-fear-of-the-egyptian-regime-and-perform-the-best-jihad-the-word-of-justice-in-front-of-the-oppressive-ruler|title=Protestors lose their fear of the Egyptian regime and perform the best ''jihad'' – the word of justice in front of the oppressive ruler|last=Abdul-Kareem|first=Ibrahim|date=2011-01-28|website=The Khilafah|access-date=2019-08-09|archive-date=26 February 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110226122709/http://www.khilafah.com/index.php/analysis/middle-east/11132-protestors-lose-their-fear-of-the-egyptian-regime-and-perform-the-best-jihad-the-word-of-justice-in-front-of-the-oppressive-ruler|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://muslimmatters.org/2011/02/01/reflections-on-the-protests-in-egypt/|title=Reflections on the Protests in Egypt|last=Shehata|first=Ali|date=1 February 2011|website=MuslimMatters.org|language=en-US|access-date=9 August 2019}}</ref><ref name="Hashim1">{{cite book|last1=Hashim Kamali|first1=Mohammad|author-link=Mohammad Hashim Kamali|title=Shari'ah Law: An Introduction|date=2008|publisher=[[Oneworld Publications]]|isbn=978-1851685653|page=204}}</ref>}}
and
{{blockquote|The Messenger of Allah was asked about the best ''jihad''. He said: "The best ''jihad'' is the one in which your horse is slain and your blood is spilled."|cited by [[Ibn Nuhaas]] and narrated by Ibn Habbaan<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/TheBookOfJihadByIbnNuhass|title=The Book of ''Jihad''|via=[[Internet Archive]]|author=Abi Zakaryya Al Dimashqi Al Dumyati|date=2016-10-23|pages=[https://archive.org/details/TheBookOfJihadByIbnNuhass/page/n43 107]|translator-last=Yamani|translator-first=Noor|access-date=2019-08-09}}</ref>}}

Ibn Nuhaas cited a [[hadith]] from [[Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal]], where Muhammad stated that the highest kind ''jihad'' is "The person who is killed whilst spilling the last of his blood" (Ahmed 4/144).<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/TheBookOfJihadByIbnNuhass|title=The Book of ''Jihad''|via=[[Internet Archive]]|author=Abi Zakaryya Al Dimashqi Al Dumyati|date=23 October 2016|pages=[https://archive.org/details/TheBookOfJihadByIbnNuhass/page/n177 177]|translator-last=Yamani|translator-first=Noor|access-date=9 August 2019}}</ref> Muhammad also said, “I cannot find anything” as meritorious as ''jihad''; he further likened ''jihad'' to “praying ceaselessly and fasting continuously”.<ref name=1t4>{{cite book|url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=1T4yAQAAQBAJ}}|title=The Intensification and Reorientation of Sunni ''Jihad'' Ideology in the Crusader Period|date=3 December 2012 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=9789004242791 }}</ref>{{rp|70, 145}}<ref>{{cite book|url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=CD9IdzJ4fFQC}}|title=Reconquest and Crusade in Medieval Spain|page=12|isbn=0812218892 |last1=O'Callaghan |first1=Joseph F. |date=24 February 2004 |publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press }}</ref> Muhammad said that “if it were not a hardship for the Muslims, I would never idle behind from a raiding party going out to fight in the path of Allah.... I [would] love to raid in the path of Allah and be killed, to raid again and be killed, and to raid again and be killed”.<ref name=1t4/>{{rp|147}} Muhammad also said that "Lining up for battle in the path of Allah [jihad] is worthier than 60 years of worship".<ref name=1t4/>{{rp|151}} Muhammad claimed that any Muslim who refused to fight in ''jihad'' “will be tortured like no other sinful human” in hell with confirmation from Qur'an 8:15-16.<ref name=1t4/>{{rp|71}}<ref>{{cite web | url=https://quran.com/en/al-anfal/15-16 | title=Surah Al-Anfal - 15-16 }}</ref> In another ''hadith'' Muhammad said, “the sword wipes away all sins” and “being killed in the path of Allah washes away impurity”.<ref>{{cite book|url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=LuzFSDvKXJ4C}}|title=Understanding ''Jihad''|date=23 May 2005 |page=15|publisher=University of California Press |isbn=9780520931879 }}</ref><ref name=1t4/>{{rp|183}}

According to another ''hadith'',<ref>{{Citehadith|bukhari|5972|b=yl}}</ref> supporting one's parents is an example of ''jihad''.<ref name=AD11/>{{rp|76}} It has been reported that Muhammad considered performing ''[[hajj]]'' well to be the best ''jihad'' for Muslim women.<ref>{{Citehadith|bukhari|2784|b=yl}}</ref><ref name=AD11>{{cite book|first1=Ahmed|last1=Al-Dawoody|date=2011|title=The Islamic Law of War: Justifications and Regulations|url=https://archive.org/details/islamiclawwarjus00alda|url-access=limited|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|isbn=978-0230111608}}</ref>{{rp|58}}

The ''hadith'' emphasize ''jihad'' as one of the means to [[Paradise]]. All sins (except debt) would be forgiven for the one who dies in it.<ref name=Bonney04>{{cite book|url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=5Mcf0AEACAAJ}}|title=Jihad: From Qu'ran to Bin Laden|last=Bonney|first=Richard|author-link=Richard Bonney|year=2004|publisher=[[Palgrave Macmillan]]}}</ref>{{rp|34-35}} Participation in ''jihad'' had to be voluntary and intention must be pure, for ''jihad'' is only waged for the sake of God not for material wealth.<ref name=Bonney04/>{{rp|34-35}} On the contrary, ''jihad'' required man to put both his life and wealth at risk.<ref name=Bonney04/>{{rp|34-35}} ''Jihad'' is ranked as one of the highest good deeds; according to one ''hadith'' it is the third-best deed after [[Salat|prayer]] and being good to one's parents.<ref name=Bonney04/>{{rp|35}} One ''hadith'' exempts military ''jihad'' on men whose parents are alive, as serving one's parents is considered a superior ''jihad''.<ref name=Bonney04/>{{rp|35}}