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==Scout versus Youth Club movement== Although Foglar worked as a Boy Scout leader, his relation to the Scout movement was not straightforward. He portrayed the Boy Scouts only in a few of his novels (especially ''Pod junáckou vlajkou'' and ''Devadesátka pokračuje''), preferring to write mostly about his own invention, the boy clubs. Foglar's idea of independent boy clubs is basically derived from the German [[Wandervogel]] movement. As editor of ''Mladý Hlasatel'', Foglar systematically built clubbist ideology (based on friendship, good deeds, personal sacrifice, love of the nature, etc.) on some and traditions and own terminology. Clubs were small groups between 4 and 8 youths. Some of them were informally led by young men few years older than the other youths, like Rikitan in the novel ''Hoši od Bobří řeky'' or by the best of the youths - like the 'exemplary youth' Mirek Dušín of the Rychlé šípy Club. With Foglar's novels and magazine articles as examples, many Czech youths established such clubs. In the golden age of club movement, there were thousands of such independent clubs, which presented a type of Wandervogel-like alternative to the organized Scout movement. On the other hand, when Scouts were persecuted and forbidden during the German occupation between 1938 and 1945 and during Communism between 1948 and 1989 (with the short exception of renewal of Scout during 1968 and 1969), boy clubs posed an excellent informal alternative of youth life based on ideas similar to those of the Scouts.
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