Editing James Mark Baldwin (section)

===Mid-career===
In 1893 he was called back to his alma mater, [[Princeton University]], where he was offered the Stuart Chair in Psychology and the opportunity to establish a new psychology laboratory. He would stay at Princeton until 1903 working out the highlights of his career reflected in ''Social and Ethical Interpretations in Mental Development: A Study in Social Psychology'' (1897) where he took his previous ''Mental Development'' to the critical stage in which it survived in the work of [[Lev Vygotsky]], through Vygotsky in the crucial work of [[Alexander Luria]], and in the synthesis of both by [[Aleksey Leontyev]]. He also edited the English editions of [[Karl Groos]]'s ''Play of Animals'' (1898) and ''Play of Men'' (1901).

It was during this time that Baldwin wrote "A New Factor in Evolution" (June 1896/''The American Naturalist'') which later became known as the "[[Baldwin Effect]]". But other important contributors should not be overlooked. [[Conwy Lloyd Morgan]] was perhaps closest to understanding the so-called "Baldwin Effect". In his ''Habit and Instinct'' (1896) he phrased a comparable version of the theory, as he did in an address to a session of the [[New York Academy of Sciences]] (February 1896) in the presence of Baldwin. (1896/"Of modification and variation".'' Science'' 4(99) (November 20):733-739). As did [[Henry Fairfield Osborn]] (1896/"A mode of evolution requiring neither natural selection nor the inheritance of acquired characteristics". ''Transactions of the New York Academy of Science'' 15:141-148). The "Baldwin Effect", building in part on the principle of "organic selection" proposed by Baldwin in "Mental Development" did only receive its name from [[George Gaylord Simpson]] in 1953. (in: ''Evolution'' 7:110-117) (see: David J. Depew in "Evolution and Learning" M.I.T. 2003)

Baldwin complemented his psychological work with philosophy, in particular [[epistemology]] his contribution to which he presented in the presidential address to the American Psychological Association in 1897. By then the work on the ''Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology'' (1902) had been announced and a period of intense philosophical correspondence ensued with the contributors to the project: [[William James]], [[John Dewey]], [[Charles Sanders Peirce]], [[Josiah Royce]], [[George Edward Moore]], [[Bernard Bosanquet (philosopher)|Bernard Bosanquet]], [[James McKeen Cattell]], [[Edward B. Titchener]], [[Hugo Münsterberg]], [[Christine Ladd-Franklin]], [[Adolf Meyer (psychiatrist)|Adolf Meyer]], [[George Stout]], [[Franklin Henry Giddings]], [[Edward Bagnall Poulton]] and others.

In 1897, Baldwin was also elected to the [[American Philosophical Society]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=APS Member History |url=https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=James+M.+Baldwin&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=&year-max=&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced |access-date=2024-02-29 |website=search.amphilsoc.org}}</ref>

In 1899 Baldwin went to Oxford to supervise the completion of the ''Dictionary''... (1902). He was awarded an Honorary Doctorate in Science at [[Oxford University]]. (In the light of the foregoing, the deafening silence with which J. M. Baldwin was later treated in Oxford publications on the mind may well come to be regarded as one of the significant omissions in the history of ideas for the 20th century. Compare for example [[Richard Gregory]]: ''The Oxford Companion to the Mind'', first edition, 1987.)<!--NPOV!-->