Editing J. B. S. Haldane (section)

=== Career ===

To support the war effort, Haldane volunteered to join the [[British Army]], and was commissioned a temporary second lieutenant in the 3rd Battalion of the [[Black Watch]] (Royal Highland Regiment) on 15 August 1914.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=29172 |supp=y |page=5081 |date=25 May 1915}}</ref> He was assigned as the trench mortar officer, to lead his team for hand-bombing the enemy trenches, the experience of which he described as "enjoyable".<ref name=":4" /> In his article in 1932 he described how "he enjoyed the opportunity of killing people and regarded this as a respectable relic of primitive man".<ref name=":5" /> He was promoted to temporary lieutenant on 18 February 1915 and to temporary captain on 18 October.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=29172 |supp=y |page=5079 |date=25 May 1915}}</ref><ref>{{London Gazette |issue=29399 |supp=y |page=12410 |date=10 December 1915}}</ref> While serving in France, he was wounded by artillery fire and sent back to Scotland, where he served as instructor of grenades for the Black Watch recruits. In 1916, he joined the war in [[Mesopotamian campaign|Mesopotamia]] (Iraq), where an enemy bomb severely wounded him. He was relieved from the theatre of war and sent to India, where he stayed for the rest of the war.<ref name=":4" /> He returned to England in 1919 and relinquished his commission on 1 April 1920, retaining his rank of captain.<ref name= LG>{{London Gazette |issue=32445 |supp=y |page=7036 |date=2 September 1921}}</ref> For his ferocity and aggressiveness in battles, his commander described him as the "bravest and dirtiest officer in my Army".<ref name="cochran">{{cite web |last1=Cochran |first1=Gregory |last2=Harpending |first2=Henry |date=10 January 2009 |title=J.B.S. Haldane |url=http://the10000yearexplosion.com/jbs-haldanes/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160609222810/http://the10000yearexplosion.com/jbs-haldanes/ |archive-date=9 June 2016 |access-date=5 May 2016 |website=The 10,000 Year Explosion |df=dmy-all}}</ref> Another senior officer of his regiment called him 'mad' and 'cracked'.<ref>University of St Andrews, University Collections, Anstruther of Balcaskie Collection, msdep121/8/2/11/1/4 - Letter from Major Robert Anstruther, 8th Battalion The Black Watch, to his mother, 6th March 1917.</ref>

Between 1919 and 1922, he served as [[Fellow#In ancient universities|Fellow]] of New College, Oxford,<ref name=Biol>{{cite web |title = Biological Sciences |url=http://www.new.ox.ac.uk/biological-sciences |publisher = [[New College, Oxford]] |access-date = 15 April 2016 |url-status = live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425070751/http://www.new.ox.ac.uk/biological-sciences |archive-date = 25 April 2016 |df = dmy-all }}</ref> where, despite his lack of formal education in the field, he taught and researched in physiology and genetics. During his first year at Oxford, six of his papers dealing with physiology of respiration and genetics were published.<ref name=":5" /> He then moved to the [[University of Cambridge]], where he accepted a newly created [[Reader (academic rank)|readership]] in [[biochemistry]] in 1923 and taught until 1932.<ref name="acott" /> During his nine years at Cambridge, he worked on [[enzyme]]s and [[genetics]], particularly the mathematical side of genetics.<ref name="acott" /> While working as a visiting professor at the [[University of California]] in 1932, he was elected [[Fellow of the Royal Society]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|date=2 December 1964|title=Prof. J.B.S. Haldane, 72, Dies; British Geneticist and Writer; Developed Simple Treatment for Tetanus—Marxist Quit His Homeland for India|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/12/02/archives/prof-jbs-haldane-72-dies-british-geneticist-and-writer-developed.html|access-date=6 August 2021|issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

Haldane worked part-time at the John Innes Horticultural Institution (later named [[John Innes Centre]]) at [[Merton Park]] in Surrey from 1927 to 1937.<ref name="jic.ac.uk">{{cite web|title=John Burdon Sanderson Haldane (1892–1964): Biochemist and geneticist; head of genetics at JIHI, 1927–1937. FRS 1932.|url=https://www.jic.ac.uk/centenary/timeline/info/JBSHaldane.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304112912/https://www.jic.ac.uk/centenary/timeline/info/JBSHaldane.htm|archive-date=4 March 2016|work=jic.ac.uk}}</ref> When Alfred Daniel Hall became the director in 1926,<ref name=":12">{{Cite journal|last=Russell|first=E.J.|date=1942|title=Alfred Daniel Hall, 1864–1942|url=https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsbm.1942.0018|journal=Obituary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society|language=en|volume=4|issue=11|pages=229–250|doi=10.1098/rsbm.1942.0018|s2cid=161964820|issn=1479-571X}}</ref> one of his earliest tasks was to appoint as assistant director "a man of high quality in the study of genetics" who could become his successor. Upon the recommendation of [[Julian Huxley]], the council appointed Haldane in March 1927, with the terms: "Mr. Haldane to visit the Institution fortnightly for a day and a night during the Cambridge terms, to put in two months also at Easter and long vacations in two continuous blocks and to be free in the Christmas vacation."<ref name="Wilmot2017" /> He was officer in charge of Genetical Investigations.<ref name=":5" /> He became the [[Fullerian Professor of Physiology]] at the [[Royal Institution]] from 1930 to 1932 and in 1933 he became Professor of Genetics at [[University College London]], where he spent most of his [[academic]] career.<ref name="ucl">{{cite web|url=http://archives.ucl.ac.uk/DServe/dserve.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqCmd=Show.tcl&dsqSearch=RefNo==%27HALDANE%27&dsqDb=Catalog|title =Full view of record [of Haldane]|publisher =University College London|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170302074310/http://archives.ucl.ac.uk/DServe/dserve.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqCmd=Show.tcl&dsqSearch=RefNo==%27HALDANE%27&dsqDb=Catalog|archive-date =2 March 2017|url-status =live|work =UCL Archives|access-date =3 February 2017|df =dmy-all}}</ref> As Hall did not retire until 1939,<ref name=":12" /> Haldane did not in fact succeed him, but resigned from the John Innes in 1936 to become the first Weldon Professor of [[biometry]] at University College London.<ref name="acott" /> Haldane was credited with helping the John Innes become "the liveliest place for research in genetics in Britain".<ref name="Wilmot2017" /> He moved his team to the [[Rothamsted Experimental Station]] in Hertfordshire from 1941 to 1944, during [[World War II]], to escape bombings.<ref name=":5" /> [[Reginald Punnett]], founder of the ''Journal of Genetics'' in 1910 with [[William Bateson]], invited him to become editor in 1933, a post he retained until his death.<ref name=":11" />