Editing Italian neorealism (section)

== Impact ==
The period between 1943 and 1950 in the history of Italian cinema was dominated by the impact of neorealism, which was properly defined as a moment or a trend in Italian film rather than an actual school or group of theoretically motivated and like-minded directors and scriptwriters. Its impact nevertheless has been enormous not only on Italian film but also on [[French New Wave]] cinema, the [[Polish Film School]], Brazilian [[Cinema Novo]] and ultimately on films all over the world. It also influenced film directors of India's [[Parallel Cinema]] movement, including [[Satyajit Ray]] (who directed the award-winning ''[[Apu Trilogy]]'') and [[Bimal Roy]] (who made ''[[Do Bigha Zameen]]'' [1953]), both heavily influenced by Vittorio De Sica's ''[[Bicycle Thieves]]'' (1948).<ref>{{cite book |title=The Art and science of Cinema|author= Anwar Huda|publisher= Atlantic Publishers & Dist|year=2004|isbn=81-269-0348-1 |page=100 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HiA3X6RLLnYC&q=Bandini%20%281963%20film%29&pg=PA100 }}</ref>

The birth and development of Italian neorealism films marked the transition of the world film center from Europe and the United States, where classicism was prevalent before World War II, to Europe, where realism was prevalent.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Shiel |first=Mark |title=Italian neorealism: rebuilding the cinematic city |date=2006 |publisher=Wallflower |isbn=978-1-904764-48-9 |series=Short cuts |location=London New York}}</ref>
[[File:S Kragujevic, Vittorio De Sica, 1959.JPG|thumb|left|upright=.8|[[Vittorio De Sica]], a leading figure in the neorealist movement and one of the world's most acclaimed and influential filmmakers of all time<ref>{{cite web|url=https://shockwavemagazine.it/cinema-serietv/vittorio-de-sica-regista-attore/|title=Vittorio De Sica: l'eclettico regista capace di fotografare la vera Italia|date=6 July 2020|access-date=14 January 2022|language=it}}</ref>]]
Furthermore, as some critics have argued, the abandoning of the classical way of doing cinema and so the starting point of the French New Wave and the [[European art cinema|Modern Cinema]] can be found in the post-war Italian cinema and in the neorealism experiences.<ref>{{cite book
| url        =https://books.google.com/books?id=3cEbAQAAIAAJ&q=miccich%E9+lino+neorealismo| title      = Il neorealismo cinematografico italiano
 | last       = Miccichè
 | first      = Lino
 | year       = 1975
 | publisher  = Marsilio
 | location  = Dharavi
 | language   = Italian
| isbn       = 978-88-317-7237-2
}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Daniele |first=Romina |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5_DvEAAAQBAJ |title=Ascenseur pour l'échafaud, Il luogo della musica nell'audiovisione |publisher=RDM |year=2011 |isbn=978-88-904905-9-0 |location=Milan |page=41}}</ref> In particular,
<blockquote>
this cinema seems to be constituted as a new subject of knowledge, which itself builds and develops. It produces a new world in which the main elements have not so many narrative functions as they have their own aesthetic value, related with the eye that is watching them and not with the action they are coming from.<ref>{{cite book
 | title      = Supporto, soggetto, oggetto: forme di costruzione del sapere dal cinema ai nuovi media, in Costruzione e appropriazione del sapere nei nuovi scenari tecnologici
 | last       = Sainati
 | first      = Augusto
 | year       = 1998
 | publisher  = CUEN
 | location  = Napoli
 | language   = Italian
 | page  = 154
}}</ref>
</blockquote>

Although ''Umberto D.'' is considered the end of the neorealist period, later films such as [[Federico Fellini]]'s ''[[La Strada]]'' (1954) and De Sica's 1960 film ''[[Two Women]]'' (for which [[Sophia Loren]] won the Oscar for Best Actress) are grouped with the genre. Director [[Pier Paolo Pasolini]]'s first film, ''[[Accattone]]'' (1961), shows a strong neorealist influence.<ref name=bergan>{{cite book|first=Ronald|last=Bergan|author-link =Ronald Bergan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=f8YeCNSBiOcC&dq=italian+neorealism+blasetti+four+steps&pg=PA154|title=The Film Book|publisher=Penguin|year=2011|page=154|isbn = 9780756691882}}</ref> The Neorealist period is often simply referred to as "The Golden Age" of [[Italian cinema]] by critics, filmmakers and scholars.