Editing Information Sciences Institute (section)

==Other achievements==
Some of the first Net security applications, and one of the world's first portable computers, also originated at ISI.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.isi.edu/about/history/timeline/|title=Timeline|website=Isi.edu|access-date=13 August 2018|archive-date=14 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180814040558/https://www.isi.edu/about/history/timeline/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

ISI researchers also created or co-created the:
*GLOBUS grid computing standard<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.technologyreview.com/featuredstory/401444/grid-computing/|title=Grid Computing|first=M. Mitchell|last=Waldrop|website=Technologyreview.com|date=May 2002 |access-date=13 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.calit2.net/newsroom/article.php?id=220|title=Calit2 : Foster & Kesselman Awarded Lovelace Medal for Grid Leadership|website=Calit2.net|access-date=13 August 2018}}</ref>
*LOOM knowledge representation language and environment, or [[LOOM (ontology)]] 
*MONARCH supercomputer-on-a-chip<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cs.sandia.gov/CSRI/Workshops/2009/FaultTolerantSpaceborne/presentations/T-1030-Prager-Raytheon-SpaceComp-Prager-Public.pdf |title= |website=www.cs.sandia.gov |access-date=30 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220206225304/https://www.cs.sandia.gov/CSRI/Workshops/2009/FaultTolerantSpaceborne/presentations/T-1030-Prager-Raytheon-SpaceComp-Prager-Public.pdf |archive-date=6 February 2022 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ll.mit.edu/HPEC/agendas/proc04/abstracts/granacki_john.pdf |title=MONARCH: Next Generation SoC (Supercomputer on a Chip) |first1=John J. |last1=Granacki |website=HPEC |publisher=MIT Lincoln Laboratory |access-date=2015-06-02 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060911051808/http://www.ll.mit.edu/HPEC/agendas/proc04/abstracts/granacki_john.pdf |archive-date= 2006-09-11 }}</ref>
*[[Soar (cognitive architecture)]] for developing intelligent behavioral systems
*[[Pegasus (workflow management)]]

In 2011, several ISI [[Natural language processing|natural language]] experts advised the IBM team that created [[IBM Watson|Watson]], the computer that became the first machine to win against human competitors on the ''[[Jeopardy!]]'' TV show.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://viterbi.usc.edu/news/news/2010/viterbi-school-experts.htm|title= Viterbi School Computer Scientists Contributed to the Development of IBM Watson|website=USC - Viterbi School of Engineering |first1= Eric |last1=Mankin |date=February 18, 2011 |access-date=13 August 2018|archive-date=23 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523015310/https://viterbi.usc.edu/news/news/2010/viterbi-school-experts.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/technology/2011/02/ibms-watson-on-jeopardy-computer-takes-big-lead-over-humans-in-round-2.html|title=IBM's Watson on 'Jeopardy': Computer takes big lead over humans in Round 2 [Updated, with video]|date=15 February 2011|website=Technology - Los Angeles Times |access-date=13 August 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180813210612/http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/technology/2011/02/ibms-watson-on-jeopardy-computer-takes-big-lead-over-humans-in-round-2.html |archive-date=  13 August 2018 }}</ref>  In 2012, ISI's Kevin Knight spearheaded a successful drive to crack the [[Copiale cipher]], a lengthy encrypted manuscript that had remained unreadable for 250 years.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.wired.com/dangerroom/2012/11/ff-the-manuscript/all|title=They Cracked This 250-Year-Old Code, and Found a Secret Society Inside|issue=12|first=Noah|last=Shachtman|magazine=Wired|volume=20|access-date=13 August 2018|date=2012-11-16 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180828172909/https://www.wired.com/2012/11/ff-the-manuscript/all/ |archive-date= 2018-08-28}}</ref> Also in 2012, the [[USC-Lockheed Martin Quantum Computing Center]] (QCC) became the  first organization to operate a [[quantum annealing]] system outside of its manufacturer, [[D-Wave Systems |D-Wave Systems, Inc]].<ref>{{Cite magazine |url=https://www.wired.com/2012/02/dwave-quantum-cloud/all/1 |title=D-Wave Defies World of Critics With 'First Quantum Cloud' |magazine=WIRED |first1= Eric |last1=Smalley |date=February 22, 2012 |access-date=2017-03-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160619192517/http://www.wired.com/2012/02/dwave-quantum-cloud/all/1 |archive-date=2016-06-19 |url-status=dead }}</ref> USC, ISI and Lockheed Martin now are performing basic and applied research into [[quantum computing]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/on-it/can-quantum-computing-change-the-world-this-start-up-is-betting-on-it/2015/05/03/e4681b48-ecfe-11e4-a55f-38924fca94f9_story.html |url-access=subscription |first1=Amrita |last1=Jayakumar |date=May 4, 2015 |title=Can quantum computing change the world? This start-up is betting on it.|newspaper=Washington Post|access-date=13 August 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180813210452/https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/on-it/can-quantum-computing-change-the-world-this-start-up-is-betting-on-it/2015/05/03/e4681b48-ecfe-11e4-a55f-38924fca94f9_story.html |archive-date= 13 August 2018 }}</ref> A second quantum annealing system is located at [[Ames Research Center|NASA Ames Research Center]], and is operated jointly by [[NASA]] and [[Google]].<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://www.nature.com/news/google-and-nasa-snap-up-quantum-computer-1.12999|title=Google and NASA snap up quantum computer|first=Nicola|last=Jones|date=16 May 2013|journal=Nature|access-date=13 August 2018|doi=10.1038/nature.2013.12999|s2cid=57405432}}</ref>

The USC Andrew and Erna Viterbi School of Engineering  was ranked among the nation's top 10 engineering graduate schools by ''US News & World Report'' in 2015.<ref name=uscviterbi/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://grad-schools.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-graduate-schools/top-engineering-schools/eng-rankings |title=Best Engineering School Rankings |access-date=2012-10-24 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121118181012/http://grad-schools.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-graduate-schools/top-engineering-schools/eng-rankings |archive-date=2012-11-18 }}</ref>  Including ISI, USC is ranked first nationally in federal computer science research and development expenditures.<ref name=remarkable />