Editing Individualism (section)

=== Individuation principle ===
{{main|Individuation}}
The principle of individuation, or ''{{lang|la|principium individuationis}}'',<ref name=Reese>{{cite book |title=Dictionary of Philosophy and Religion |url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofphil00will |url-access=registration |last=Reese |first=William L. |edition=1st |year=1980 |publisher=Humanities Press |location=Atlantic Highlands, NJ |isbn=0-391-00688-6 |page=[https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofphil00will/page/251 251]}}</ref> describes the manner in which a thing is identified as distinguished from other things.<ref name=Cambridge>{{cite book |title=The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy |editor1-last= Audi |editor1-first=Robert |edition= 2nd |year= 1999|publisher= Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge |isbn=0-521-63136-X |page=424}}</ref> For [[Carl Jung]], individuation is a process of transformation, whereby the personal and [[collective unconscious]] is brought into consciousness (by means of dreams, [[active imagination]] or [[free association (psychology)|free association]] to take examples) to be assimilated into the whole personality. It is a completely natural process necessary for the integration of the psyche to take place.<ref name="jung1">Jung, C. G. (1962). Symbols of Transformation: An analysis of the prelude to a case of schizophrenia (Vol. 2, R. F. C. Hull, Trans.). New York: Harper & Brothers.</ref> Jung considered individuation to be the central process of human development.<ref name="Jung's Individuation process">[http://soultherapynow.com/articles/individuation.html Jung's Individuation process] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180223145618/http://soultherapynow.com/articles/individuation.html |date=2018-02-23 }} Retrieved on 2009-2-20</ref> In ''L'individuation psychique et collective'', [[Gilbert Simondon]] developed a theory of individual and collective individuation in which the individual subject is considered as an effect of individuation rather than a cause. Thus, the individual atom is replaced by a never-ending [[Process philosophy|ontological process]] of individuation. Individuation is an always incomplete process, always leaving a "pre-individual" left-over, itself making possible future individuations.<ref>[[Gilbert Simondon]]. ''L'individuation psychique et collective'' (Paris, Aubier, 1989; reprinted in 2007 with a preface by Bernard Stiegler)</ref> The philosophy of [[Bernard Stiegler]] draws upon and modifies the work of [[Gilbert Simondon]] on individuation and also upon similar ideas in [[Friedrich Nietzsche]] and [[Sigmund Freud]]. For Stiegler, "the ''I'', as a psychic individual, can only be thought in relationship to ''we'', which is a collective individual. The ''I'' is constituted in adopting a collective tradition, which it inherits and in which a plurality of ''I''{{'}}s acknowledge each other's existence."<ref>Stiegler, Bernard (13 May 2004). [http://www.tate.org.uk/context-comment/video/bernard-stiegler-culture-and-technology "Bernard Stiegler: Culture and Technology"]. Tate Modern. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151015235753/http://www.tate.org.uk/context-comment/video/bernard-stiegler-culture-and-technology|date=15 October 2015}}. Retrieved 26 September 2020.</ref>