Editing Impossible object (section)

==History==
An early example of an impossible object comes from ''[[Apolinère Enameled]]'', a 1916 advertisement painted by [[Marcel Duchamp]]. It depicts a girl painting a bed-frame with white enamelled paint, and deliberately includes conflicting perspective lines, to produce an impossible object. To emphasise the deliberate impossibility of the shape, a piece of the frame is missing.
[[File:Penrosetrianglemodel.jpg|thumb|A 3D-printed version of the Reutersvärd Triangle illusion, its appearance created by a [[forced perspective]]|left]]
[[Sweden|Swedish]] artist [[Oscar Reutersvärd]] was one of the first to deliberately design many impossible objects. He has been called "the father of impossible figures".<ref name=Seckel>{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/mastersofdecepti00alse |url-access=registration |title=Masters of Deception: Escher, Dalí & the Artists of Optical Illusion |last=Seckel |first=Al |isbn=1402705778 |year=2004 |page=[https://archive.org/details/mastersofdecepti00alse/page/261 261] |publisher=Sterling Publishing Company}}</ref> In 1934, he drew the Penrose triangle, some years before the Penroses. In Reutersvärd's version, the sides of the triangle are broken up into cubes.

In 1956, British psychiatrist [[Lionel Penrose]] and his son, mathematician [[Roger Penrose]], submitted a short article to the ''[[British Journal of Psychology]]'' titled "Impossible Objects: A Special Type of Visual Illusion". This was illustrated with the Penrose triangle and Penrose stairs. The article referred to Escher, whose work had sparked their interest in the subject, but not Reutersvärd, of whom they were unaware. The article was published in 1958.<ref name=p1958>{{cite journal |first1=LS |last1=Penrose |first2=R. |last2=Penrose |title=Impossible objects: A special type of optical illusion |journal=British Journal of Psychology |volume=49 |issue=1 |year=1958 |pages=31–33 |doi=10.1111/j.2044-8295.1958.tb00634.x |pmid=13536303}}</ref>

From the 1930s onwards, Dutch artist [[M. C. Escher]] produced many drawings featuring paradoxes of perspective gradually working towards impossible objects.<ref name="Seckel"/> In 1957, he produced his first drawing containing a true impossible object: ''[[Cube with Magic Ribbons]]''. He produced many further drawings featuring impossible objects, sometimes with the entire drawing being an impossible object. ''[[Waterfall (M. C. Escher)|Waterfall]]'' and ''[[Belvedere (M. C. Escher)|Belvedere]]'' are good examples of impossible constructions. His work did much to draw the attention of the public to impossible objects.

Some contemporary artists are also experimenting with impossible figures, for example, [[Jos de Mey]], [[Shigeo Fukuda]], [[Sandro del Prete]], [[István Orosz]] ([[Utisz]]), [[Guido Moretti]], [[Tamás F. Farkas]], [[Mathieu Hamaekers]], and [[Kokichi Sugihara]].