Editing Ickenham (section)

===Early developments===
[[File:Swakeleys House - April 2011.JPG|thumb|left|Swakeleys House was built in 1638.]]
Ickenham was originally divided into the four manors of Ickenham, Tykenham, Swalcliff (Swakeleys) and Herses (Hercies). Tykenham and Herses were within the parish of [[Hillingdon]], though Herses subsequently became part of the manor of Swalcliff.<ref>Hughes 1983, p.13</ref> These manors were eventually merged to form the main manors of Ickenham and Swakeleys. The original lord of the manor of Ickenham was Geoffrey de Mandeville, from whom it passed to William de Brock and then, in 1334, to John Charlton whose son John owned Swakeleys from 1350. By the mid-14th century, Ickenham was owned by the Shorediche family who retained possession until 1819.<ref name="Hughes p.17">Hughes 1983, p.17</ref>

The Crosier family, major landowners in north-west Middlesex, moved to Ickenham in the 16th century. They established their manorial home as Sherwyns, and owned Home Farm and Sears house in 1624. After the Shorediche family Milton Farm was bought by William Crosier in 1685. Edward Hilliard become the direct descendant of the final member of the Crosier family, John Crosier. Under the Hilliards, Milton Farm was sold to become part of the Swakeleys estate in 1816, and Hill Farm become [[RAF Northolt|Northolt Aerodrome]] in 1916.<ref name="Bowlt p.17"/> The Shorediche family built their manor house on a track off Long Lane. Originally called Ickenham Hall, it was let out to farmers in 1818 and renamed Manor Farm,<ref name="Bowlt p.17">Bowlt 1996, p.17</ref> at which point the Crosier family renamed their manorial home from Sherwyns to [[Ickenham Hall]].<ref>Hughes 1983, p.15</ref>

Swakeleys manor, subordinate to Ickenham, was named after Robert Swalcliffe, who owned the manor with his wife Joan in the 14th century. He appears in records as Robert de Swalclyve and Robert de Wykeham, reflecting his ownership of Swakeleys and Wickham Park in [[Oxfordshire]]. In 1347, he owed £40 to a money lender, Roger Rikeman, which he was unable to pay, and so his land in Ickenham was passed by Rikeman in 1350 to John de Charlton.<ref name="Hughes p.17"/>

A descendant of John de Charlton, the first Sir Thomas de Charlton, died in 1448 whereupon Swakeleys passed to his son, also named Sir Thomas, who became [[Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)|Speaker of the House of Commons]] and [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|member of parliament]] (MP) for Middlesex. He died in 1465, at which point his son Sir Richard became owner of the manor. Sir Richard was killed fighting on the side of [[Richard III of England|Richard III]] during the [[Battle of Bosworth Field]] in 1485. The victor of the battle, [[Henry VII of England|Henry VII]], named him in his [[Act of Attainder]], though he granted Sir Richard's wife Elizabeth a life interest in the manor. However, Sir Thomas Bourchier was subsequently granted the manor of Swakeleys and Covelhall ([[Cowley, London|Cowley]]). Upon Sir Thomas' death in 1510, the manor passed to Sir John Peeche as his executor. Sir John had no children, so Swakeleys passed to the [[Earl of Devon]], [[Henry Courtenay, 1st Marquess of Exeter|Henry Courteney]] in 1521. The Earl granted a licence to control Swakeleys to Sir William Fitzwilliam in 1531, who was acting as trustee for Ralph Pexall.<ref name="Hughes p.17"/>

[[File:St Giles' Church - April 2011.jpg|thumb|right|St Giles' church dates back to 1335.]]
The lords of the manor of Swakeleys resided at [[Swakeleys House]], though the house that stands today was not the first on the site. The original dated to around the 14th century and was probably constructed of [[Wattle-and-daub|wattle]] and timber. It was subject to extensive remedial work, much lamented at the time, while under the ownership of John Bingley. Bingley later sold the estate to [[Edmund Wright (lord mayor)|Sir Edmund Wright]], a future [[Lord Mayor of London]], in 1629, and the current house was built of brick in 1638.<ref>Bowlt 1996, p.19</ref>

A church in Ickenham is not mentioned in the Domesday Book and it is likely that residents travelled to nearby [[Harefield]] for services. The original [[nave]] and [[chancel]] of [[St Giles' Church, Ickenham|St Giles' Church]] have been dated to 1335 while the nave was extended west in 1959.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.stgileschurch.co.uk/about-us/history-of-st-giles-church/ |title=History |publisher=St Giles' Church, Ickenham |access-date=31 March 2013}}</ref> The bell turret was built in the 15th century and a brick aisle added in 1575.<ref>Bowlt 1996, p.34</ref>

'The Pump' is a significant local landmark. Donated to the village by Charlotte Gell, this water pump stands close to the village pond at the intersection of Swakeleys Road and Long Lane. After Gell's death in 1863, under the provisions of her will a water pump was sunk for the benefit for the community in 1866. The village pond next to the pump was dug at the same time as the {{convert|144|foot|adj=on}} well for the pump was sunk, to accommodate waste from the construction.<ref>Skinner 2005, p.12</ref> An older pond on the other side of the village was filled in with the excavated earth from the new one.<ref>Newbery et al 1996, p.9</ref> In 1857 Gell had also donated some of her land near St Giles's Church for five [[almshouse]]s to be built for longstanding servants of the Gell household or Ickenham residents who were members of the [[Church of England]]. No more than three people were allowed to live in the houses at one time. The cottages remain and are maintained by the [[St Giles' Church, Ickenham|St Giles' Church]]. Next to the pump stands the Coach & Horses public house, first licensed for the sale of alcohol in 1759 but of 16th-century origin. The house was used for manorial courts throughout the 19th century until the last was held in 1878.<ref>Bowlt 1996, p.128</ref>