Editing Human anatomy (section)

== Approaches ==
=== Regional groups ===

* [[human head|Head]] and [[neck]]&nbsp;– includes everything above the [[superior thoracic aperture|thoracic inlet]]
* [[Upper limb]]&nbsp;– includes the [[hand]], [[wrist]], [[forearm]], [[elbow]], [[arm]], [[shoulder]]
* [[Thorax]]&nbsp;– the region of the chest from the [[superior thoracic aperture|thoracic inlet]] to the [[thoracic diaphragm]]
* [[Abdomen|Human abdomen]] to the [[pelvic brim]] or to the pelvic inlet
* The [[human back|back]]&nbsp;– the [[Spinal column|spine]] and its components, the [[Vertebra|vertebrae]], [[sacrum]], [[coccyx]], [[Intervertebral disc|intervertebral disks]]
* [[Pelvis]] and [[perineum]]&nbsp;– the pelvis consists of everything from the [[pelvic inlet]] to the [[Pelvic floor|pelvic diaphragm]]; the perineum is the region between the [[Sex organ|sex organs]] and the anus
* [[Human leg|Lower limb]]&nbsp;– everything below the [[inguinal ligament]], including the [[hip]], the [[thigh]], the [[knee]], the [[Human leg|leg]], the [[ankle]], the [[foot]]

=== Internal organs (by region) ===

'''Head and neck'''

* [[Human brain|Brain]]
** [[Basal ganglia]]
** [[Brainstem|Brain stem]]
*** [[medulla oblongata|Medulla]]
*** [[Midbrain]]
*** [[Pons]]
** [[Cerebellum]]
** [[Cerebrum]]
** [[Cerebral cortex]]
** [[Hypothalamus]]
** [[Limbic system]]
*** [[Amygdala]]

* [[Human eye|Eyes]] (2)
* [[Pineal gland|Pineal]] gland
* [[Pituitary gland|Pituitary]] gland
* [[Thyroid]] gland
* [[Parathyroid gland|Parathyroid]] glands (4)

'''Thorax'''

* [[Heart]]
* [[Lung]]s (2)
* [[Esophagus]]
* [[Thymus]] gland
* [[Pleura]]

'''Abdomen and pelvis (both sexes)'''

* [[Adrenal gland|Adrenal]] glands (2)
* [[Appendix (anatomy)|Appendix]]
* [[Bladder]]
* [[Gallbladder]]
* [[Large intestine]]
* [[Small intestine]]
* [[Kidney]]s (2)
* [[Liver]]
* [[Pancreas]] – gland
* [[Spleen]]
* [[Stomach]]

'''Male pelvis'''

* [[Prostate]] gland
* [[Testicle|Testes]] – glands (2)

'''Female pelvis'''

* [[Ovary|Ovaries]] – glands (2)
* [[Uterus]]

=== Major organ systems ===
{{Main|Biological system}}
* [[Circulatory system]]: pumping and channeling [[blood]] to and from the body and lungs with [[heart]], [[blood]], [[blood vessel]]s
* [[Digestive system]]: digestion and processing food with [[salivary gland]]s, [[esophagus]], [[stomach]], [[liver]], [[gallbladder]], [[pancreas]], [[Gastrointestinal tract|intestines]], [[rectum]], [[Human anus|anus]]
* [[Endocrine system]]: communication within the body using [[hormone]]s made by [[endocrine gland]]s such as the [[hypothalamus]], [[Pituitary gland|pituitary]] gland, [[Pineal gland|pineal]] gland, [[thyroid]], [[Parathyroid gland|parathyroid]] glands, [[Adrenal gland|adrenal]] glands
* [[Immune system]]: the system that fights off disease; composed of [[White blood cell|leukocytes]], [[Tonsil|tonsils]], [[Adenoid|adenoids]], [[thymus]], [[spleen]]
* [[Integumentary system]]: [[human skin|skin]], [[hair]], [[nail (anatomy)|nail]]s
* [[Lymphatic system]]: structures involved in the transfer of lymph between tissues and the blood stream, the [[lymph]] and the [[lymph node|node]]s and [[Lymphatic vessel|vessels]] that transport it
* [[Human musculoskeletal system|Musculoskeletal system]]: [[muscle]]s provide movement and a [[Human skeleton|skeleton]] provides structural support and protection with [[bone]]s, [[cartilage]], [[ligament]]s, [[tendon]]s
* [[Nervous system]]: collecting, transferring and processing information with [[Human brain|brain]], [[spinal cord]], [[nerve]]s
* [[Human reproductive system|Reproductive system]]: the sex organs; in the female; [[ovary|ovarie]]s, [[fallopian tube]]s, [[uterus]], [[vagina]], [[mammary gland]]s, and in the male; [[Testicle|testicles]], [[vas deferens]], [[seminal vesicles]], [[prostate]], [[human penis|penis]]
* [[Respiratory system]]: the organs used for breathing, the [[pharynx]], [[larynx]], [[trachea]], [[Bronchus|bronchi]], [[Lung|lungs]], [[thoracic diaphragm|diaphragm]]
* [[Urinary system]]: [[kidney]]s, [[ureter]]s, [[bladder]], [[urethra]] involved in fluid balance, electrolyte balance, and excretion of urine

=== Surface anatomy ===
{{Main|List of human anatomical features}}
[[File:Anterior view of human female and male, with labels.jpg|thumb|left|Superficial anatomy of [[female]] and [[male]] human body]]
[[File:Surface projections of the organs of the trunk.png|thumb|right|Surface projections of the major organs of the [[Torso|trunk]], using the [[Spinal column|vertebral column]] and [[rib cage]] as main reference points of superficial anatomy ]]

[[Surface anatomy]], or superficial anatomy, is the study of [[anatomical landmark]]s that can be identified readily from the contours or other reference points on the surface of the body.<ref name="intro HGray"/> It is important in human anatomy: with knowledge of superficial anatomy, [[physician]]s gauge the position and anatomy of deeper structures.

Common names of parts of the human body, from top to bottom:
* [[human head|Head]] &nbsp;– [[face]] &nbsp;– [[forehead]] &nbsp;– [[Mandible|jaw]] &nbsp;– [[cheek]] &nbsp;– [[chin]]
* [[Neck]] &nbsp;– [[shoulder]]
* [[Arm]] &nbsp;– [[elbow]] &nbsp;– [[wrist]] &nbsp;– [[hand]] &nbsp;– [[finger]] &nbsp;– [[thumb]]
* [[Spinal column|Spine]] &nbsp;– [[Thorax|chest]]
* [[Abdomen]] &nbsp;– [[groin]]
* [[Hip]] &nbsp;– [[buttocks]] &nbsp;– [[Human leg|leg]] &nbsp;– [[thigh]] &nbsp;– [[knee]] &nbsp;– [[Calf (leg)|calf]] &nbsp;– [[ankle]] &nbsp;– [[foot]] &nbsp;– [[heel]] &nbsp;– [[toe]]
* [[Human eye|Eyes]], [[ear]]s, [[human nose|nose]], [[Human mouth|mouth]], [[Human tooth|teeth]], [[tongue]], [[throat]], [[Adam's apple]], [[breast]]s, [[Human penis|penis]], [[scrotum]], [[vulva]], and [[navel]] are also superficial structures.