Editing Homotherium (section)

=== Africa ===
In 1947/48, [[Camille Arambourg]] described the species ''Homotherium ethiopicum'' from remains found in the Omo locality in Ethiopia.<ref>Arambourg, C., 1948. Mission Scientifique de l’Omo 1932–1933. T.1: GéologieAnthropologie. Fasc. 3. Contribution à l’étude géologique et Paléontologique du bassin du lac Rodolphe et de la basse vallée de l’Omo. Deuxième partie: paléontologie. Editions du Muséum, Paris, pp. 231–562.</ref> This publication helped popularise the genus ''Homotherium'', which was little used prior.<ref name="antón etal 2014" /> This species has been later regarded as a ''[[nomen dubium]]'', with the type specimen, a lower jaw, possibly actually belonging to ''[[Dinofelis]]'' (another machairodontine) instead.<ref name=":6" />

In 1972 the species ''Homotherium problematicum'' (originally ''Megantereon problematicus'') was named based on fragmentary material from the [[Makapansgat]] locality in South Africa, of late Pliocene-Early Pleistocene age.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Collings |first= G.E.|title=A new species of machairodont from Makapansgat |journal=Palaeont. Afr. |volume=14 |date=1972 |pages=87–92 |hdl=10539/16028}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last1=Reed |first1=Kaye E. |title=Geology, Fauna, and Paleoenvironmental Reconstructions of the Makapansgat Limeworks Australopithecus africanus -Bearing Paleo-Cave |date=2022-06-09 |work=African Paleoecology and Human Evolution |pages=66–81 |editor-last=Reynolds |editor-first=Sally C. |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/9781139696470%23CN-bp-7/type/book_part |access-date=2024-11-15 |edition=1 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |doi=10.1017/9781139696470.007 |isbn=978-1-139-69647-0 |last2=Kuykendall |first2=Kevin L. |last3=Herries |first3=Andy I.R. |last4=Hopley |first4=Philip J. |last5=Sponheimer |first5=Matt |last6=Werdelin |first6=Lars |editor2-last=Bobe |editor2-first=René}}</ref> ''Homotherium hadarensis'' was described in 1988, based on remains found in the Pliocene aged [[Hadar Formation]] of the Afar region of Ethiopia.<ref>{{Cite journal|author1=G. Petter |author2=F.C. Howell |title=Nouveau felidé machairodonte (Mammalia, Carnivora) de la faune pliocène de l'Afar (Ethiopie) Homotherium hadarensis n. sp |journal=C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris |volume=306 |date=1988 |pages=731–738}}</ref> In 2015, further material from the Hadar Formation was tentatively referred to ''H. hadarensis''.<ref name=":6">{{Cite journal|doi=10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2015.03.020 |title=Pliocene Carnivora (Mammalia) from the Hadar Formation at Dikika, Lower Awash Valley, Ethiopia |date=2015 |last1=Geraads |first1=Denis |last2=Alemseged |first2=Zeresenay |last3=Bobe |first3=René |last4=Reed |first4=Denné |journal=Journal of African Earth Sciences |volume=107 |pages=28–35 |bibcode=2015JAfES.107...28G }}</ref> A third species, ''Homotherium africanum'' (originally ''Machairodus africanus''), has also been included based on remains found in Aïn Brimba, in Tunisia, North Africa,<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Arambourg |first=C. |date=1970 |title=Les vértébres du Pléistocène de l'Afrique du Nord |journal=Archives du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle |volume=10 |pages=1–127}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Petter |first1=G. |last2=Howell |first2=F.C. |date=1987 |title=''Machairodus africanus'' Arambourg, 1970 (Carnivora, Mammalia) du Villafranchien d'Aïn Brimba, Tunisie |journal=Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 4Eme SEr., C, 9 |volume=4 |pages=97–119 |url=https://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=8313058}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|doi=10.1016/j.jhevol.2017.05.001 |title=A contextual review of the Carnivora of Kanapoi |date=2020 |last1=Werdelin |first1=Lars |last2=Lewis |first2=Margaret E. |journal=Journal of Human Evolution |volume=140 |pmid=28625408 |bibcode=2020JHumE.14002334W |s2cid=23285088 |url=http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:nrm:diva-2412 }}</ref> dating to the early-middle Pliocene.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Geraads |first=Denis |year=2008 |title=Plio-Pleistocene Carnivora of northwestern Africa: A short review |url=http://cr-palevol.fr/7/66 |journal=Comptes Rendus Palevol |language=en |volume=7 |issue=8 |pages=591–599 |doi=10.1016/j.crpv.2008.09.008|bibcode=2008CRPal...7..591G }}</ref> In 1990, Alan Turner challenged the validity of ''H. problematicum'' and ''H. hadarensis'', and later authors have generally refrained from referring African ''Homotherium'' fossils to any specific species due to their largely fragmentary nature.<ref name="antón etal 2014" /> In 2021, indeterminate remains of ''Homotherium'' were reported from the Tobène locality of [[Senegal]] in West Africa, dating to the Early Pliocene.<ref name="lihoreau etal 2021" /> Indeterminate remains of ''Homotherium'' have also been reported from the Ahl al Oughlam locality in Morocco, dating to the Late Pliocene.<ref name=":0" />