Editing Holborn (section)

===Administration: Parish and Ward===
The [[St Andrew Holborn (parish)|Parish of St Andrew, Holborn]], was divided by a civil boundary, with part within the Farringdon Without ward of the City of London (later known as ''St Andrew Holborn Below the Bars'') – which includes the parish church and the part within the [[Ossulstone Hundred]] of Middlesex (later known as ''St Andrew Above the Bars'').
It is not known when the parish of Holborn took on its settled form, but it is likely to have been by the time of the introduction of Canon Law around 1180,<ref>History of the Countryside by Oliver Rackham, 1986 p19 After the development of Canon Law, changes after this time became legally onerous and rare</ref> with records from the time the [[St Giles in the Fields|hospital of St Giles]] was established in 1120 indicating that the parish extended further west at that time, presumably to encompass what would become the combined parish of [[St Giles, London|St Giles]] and [[Bloomsbury]].

A charter of around 1000 shows the boundaries of the city being pushed west to their settled historic extent in around 1000, though this extramural area would have been very sparsely settled. The city's wards take shape in the 11th century, before the Norman Conquest.<ref name="auto">Process, terms and sources described in detail in "London, 800-1216". Brooke and Keir, Chapter 7</ref> The civil division of the parish is very ancient and predates the establishment of the parish in its settled form. In 1394 the [[Ward (country subdivision)|Ward]] of Farringdon was subdivided into [[Farringdon Within]] and [[Farringdon Without]], with south-east Holborn part of the latter.

The [[City of London#Boundary of the City|City Bars]] mark the boundary of the City of London within Holborn. In 1994 the City boundary shifted slightly to the junction of Chancery Lane and the Bars were moved accordingly.