Editing History of Botswana (section)

=== Ancient history ===
Approximately 2,000 years ago, the peoples of the region brought cattle and sheep to present-day Botswana and began making pottery.{{Sfn|Hillbom|Bolt|2018|p=35}}{{Sfn|Klehm|2021|p=8}}{{Sfn|Tlou|Campbell|1997|p=28}} Agriculture developed during this time and the peoples began settling in villages, which rose and fell as the climate and [[cattle raid]]s caused livestock access to fluctuate.{{Sfn|Tlou|Campbell|1997|pp=29–30}} Among the earliest crops were [[pearl millet]], [[finger millet]], [[sorghum]], [[Bambara groundnut]]s, [[cowpea]]s, and [[Cucurbitaceae|cucurbit]]s.{{Sfn|Klehm|2021|pp=8–9}}

The first Bantu people arrived in the region between 2,000 and 1,500 years ago, and it was once believed that they had first introduced livestock to the area.{{Sfn|Tlou|Campbell|1997|pp=22–24, 28}} The [[Kalanga people]] were the first of the [[Bantu people]]s to settle in present-day Botswana, arriving {{circa|200 CE}}.{{Sfn|Hillbom|Bolt|2018|p=27}} The first [[Tswana people]] (singular ''Motswana'', plural ''Batswana'') are estimated to have arrived c. 400 CE.{{Sfn|Hillbom|Bolt|2018|p=27}} These Bantu peoples brought iron and copper tools to the region and settled along permanent waterways.{{Sfn|Klehm|2021|p=9}}