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===Sectarian rivalry=== By the 10th century, Bhutan's political development was heavily influenced by its religious history. Following a period in which [[Buddhism]] was in decline in [[Tibet]] in the 11th century, contention among a number of subsects emerged. The [[Yuan dynasty]] overlords of [[Tibet under Yuan rule|Tibet]] and Bhutan patronized a sequence of subsects until their own political decline in the 14th century. By that time, the [[Gelugpa]] or Yellow Hat school had, after a period of anarchy in Tibet, become a powerful force resulting in the flight to Bhutan of numerous monks of various minor opposing sects. Among these monks was the founder of the [[Lhapa]] subsect of the [[Kargyupa]] school, to whom is attributed the introduction of strategically built dzong. Although the Lhapa subsect had been successfully challenged in the 12th century by another Kargyupa subsect—the [[Drukpa Lineage|Drukpa]]—led by Tibetan monk [[Phajo Drugom Shigpo|Phajo Drugom Zhigpo]], it continued to proselytize until the 17th century. The Drukpa spread throughout Bhutan and eventually became a dominant form of religious practice. Between the 12th century and the 17th century, the two Kargyupa subsects vied with one another from their respective dzong as the older form of Nyingmapa Buddhism was eclipsed.<ref name=ras>{{harvnb|Worden|1991|loc="Rivalry among the Sects"}}</ref>
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