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==Geography== {{Unreferenced section|date=August 2022}} Heilongjiang is a land of varied topographies. Much of the province is dominated by mountain ranges such as the [[Greater Khingan]] Range and [[Lesser Khingan]] Range, [[Zhangguangcai Mountains]], [[Laoye Mountains]], and [[Wanda Mountains]]. The highest peak is [[Datudingzi Mountain]] at {{convert|1690|m}}, located on the border with [[Jilin]] province. The Greater Khingan Range contains China's largest remaining virgin forest and is an important area for China's forestry industry. The east and southwest of the province, which are relatively flat and low in altitude, feature the [[Muling River]], the [[Naoli River]], the [[Songhua River]], the [[Nen River]], and the [[Mudan River]], all tributaries of the Amur, while the northern border forms part of the Amur valley. [[Xingkai Lake]] (or [[Khanka Lake]]) is found on the border with [[Russia]]'s [[Primorsky Krai]]. ===Climate=== [[File:雾凇 QQ696847 - panoramio.jpg|thumb|Winter in Heilongjiang]] A [[humid continental climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Dwa'' or ''Dwb'') predominates in the province, though areas in the far north are [[Subarctic climate|subarctic]] (Köppen ''Dwc'').<ref>{{Citation |via=Wikimedia Commons |last1=Peel |first1=M. C. |last2=Finlayson |first2=B. L. |last3=McMahon |first3=T. A. |title=Climate map of Asia, excluding (South)west-Asia (from the "Updated world map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification"). |date=2007-10-12 |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Asia_Koppen_Map.png |access-date=2022-03-12}}</ref> Winters are long and bitter, with an average of {{convert|−31|to|−15|°C|°F|0}} in January, and summers are short and warm to very warm with an average of {{convert|18|to|23|°C|°F|0}} in July. The annual average rainfall is {{convert|400|to|700|mm|in|0}}, concentrated heavily in summer. Clear weather is prevalent throughout the year, and in the spring, the [[Songnen Plain]] and the [[Sanjiang Plain]] provide abundant sources of wind energy.{{citation needed|date=October 2024}} The province's largest cities include [[Harbin]], [[Qiqihar]], [[Mudanjiang]], [[Jiamusi]], [[Daqing]], [[Jixi]], [[Shuangyashan]], [[Hegang]], [[Qitaihe]], [[Yichun, Heilongjiang|Yichun]], and [[Heihe]]. {|class="wikitable sortable" style="width:60%; font-size:95%;" |+'''Average daily maximum and minimum temperatures for some locations in Heilongjiang province of China''' |- ! scope="col" | City ! scope="col" | July (°C) ! scope="col" | July (°F) ! scope="col" | January (°C) ! scope="col" | January (°F) |- | [[Harbin]] || 27.9/18.3 || 82.2/64.9 || –12.5/–24.1 || 9.5/–11.4 |- | [[Jiamusi]] || 27.6/17.7 || 81.7/63.9 || –12.7/–24 || 9.1/–11.2 |- | [[Hegang]] || 26.5/17.4 || 80/63.3 || –12.7/–20.8 || 9.1/–5.4 |- | [[Yichun, Heilongjiang|Yichun]] || 27.1/15.5 || 80.8/59.9 || –14.5/–29.1 || 5.9/–20.4 |}
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