Editing Hanwell (section)

===Short history of the inns and public houses===
The [[Uxbridge Road]] (then known as the Oxford Road) was [[Turnpike trust|turnpiked]] between [[Uxbridge]] and [[Tyburn, London|Tyburn]] in 1714. The revenue from [[Toll road|tolls]] enabled an all-weather [[Metal (pavement)|metaled]] road surface of compacted gravel to be laid down.

This constant movement of people along the road, brought about the establishment of [[coaching inns]] along the road as it crossed the [[River Brent]] and passed through the parish of Hanwell. In these inns, travellers could stable their horses, place their carts or goods in safe storage and secure board and lodgings for themselves overnight.

The first inn on crossing the River Brent is "The Viaduct", which is on the north side. Named after the [[Wharncliffe Viaduct]], its original name was the "Coach and Horses". At the back of the [[pub]], some of the original [[stable]] building can be seen, dating to about 1730.<ref name="british-history.ac.uk">{{cite web|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=22339|title=Hanwell: Introduction – British History Online|website=british-history.ac.uk|access-date=24 August 2008|archive-date=4 June 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604055440/http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=22339|url-status=live}}</ref> Early in the 20th century, The Viaduct received a new [[Glazed architectural terra-cotta|faïence]] façade, which [[Nikolaus Pevsner]] succinctly described as "a jolly tiled [[Edwardian era|Edwardian]] pub".<ref name="Pev" />

Next was the "Duke of Wellington", which lay approximately 400&nbsp;m closer to London on the southern side of the road, roughly opposite the old Hanwell Police Station. However, this had been demolished by the 1920s and was not rebuilt.

Further east still and back across on the north side of the [[Uxbridge Road]] at the junction of Hanwell Broadway is the "Duke of York"This became an important staging point for [[stagecoach]]es on their way between [[Oxford]] and London. Established in the 18th century, it has been subsequently rebuilt in the [[Tudorbethan architecture|Tudorbethan style]].

The next pub occupies the site of what was probably the very first inn to be established on the Oxford Road as it ran through Hanwell; it is known today as the [[Kings Arms, Hanwell|Kings Arms]]. It lies on the south side of the road. It was original called the "Spencer Arms"after Edward Spencer, who was [[Lord of the Manor]] of [[Boston Manor|Boston]] during the [[English Civil War|Civil War]]. In the 18th century, the Manor Courts hearings were transferred here from [[Greenford]], then later transferred to the Viaduct Inn.<ref>Hanwell: Local government', A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 3: Shepperton, Staines, Stanwell, Sunbury, Teddington, Heston and Isleworth, Twickenham, Cowley, Cranford, West Drayton, Greenford, Hanwell, Harefield and Harlington (1962), [http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=22344 pages 228–230] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525153516/http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=22344 |date=25 May 2011 }}. Retrieved 24 August 2008.</ref> However, the present building dates back to 1930 when it was rebuilt by brewers [[Mann, Crossman & Paulin]] in the [[Arts and Crafts Movement|Arts & Crafts]] style. Though unexciting on the outside, its interior is still today, a fine example of this type of architecture, and [[Campaign for Real Ale|CAMRA]] has placed it in its ''National Inventory of Pub Interiors of Outstanding Historic Interest''. The lower half of the exterior walls is decorated with green faïence with brick-sized faces.  These tiles extend to cover the stallriser of the shop to the immediate right. This is because, originally, this shop was built to serve as the Off-licence premises.

[[File:The Fox -Hanwell W7.JPG|thumb|left|The Fox, built in 1848]]
Gradually, retail stores and shops started to fill the gaps between these inns to take advantage of the passing trade brought by this important route into and out of the city. During the [[Victorian era|Victorian period]], the village to the north of the [[Uxbridge Road]] began to slowly expand to the south of the road. Toward the southern end of Green Lane (the old toll-free [[droving|drover]]s route into the city) is [[The Fox Inn, Hanwell|The Fox]] public house. The Fox has been named ''West Middlesex Pub of the Year'' in 2005, 2007, 2010 and 2011.<ref>West Middlesex branch of CAMRA [http://www.westmiddx-camra.org.uk/# Official site] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090724023118/http://www.westmiddx-camra.org.uk/ |date=24 July 2009 }}. Retrieved 23 May 2010.</ref><ref>The Fox [http://www.thefoxpub.co.uk/index.html Official site] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100331193340/http://www.thefoxpub.co.uk/index.html |date=31 March 2010 }}. Retrieved 23 May 2010.</ref> Built in 1848 it is a largely unspoiled and original mid-[[Victorian era|Victorian]] pub. It has received a 'local listing' from Ealing Council as a building of local interest. It is constructed out of local golden yellow brick with more expensive red bricks used for detailing on corners and chimneys. Rich brown glazed tiles are used for the ground floor exterior walls with coloured stained glass in the fan lights. The upper story has [[Mock Tudor]] detailing, including [[dentil]]s on the two outward-facing [[gable]]s. Most of the interior is also original, although the dividing walls between bars and off-license sales have been taken out to create one large bar area. The present day eating area retains its original wooden wall panelling. On the east of the building itself is a very sheltered [[beer garden]], so food and drink can be enjoyed inside or out. The Fox was the meeting place for the local [[fox hunt]] until the 1920s. The hunt would set off across Hanwell Heath, much of which still existed at that time. [[File:The Hanwell Hunt.jpeg|thumb|left|The hunt assembled. c.1910]]Present-day clientele can still see foxes drinking, quite unfazed, from the dog bowls of water, put outside the Fox's saloon bar.[[File:The thirsty fox.jpg|thumb|right|Now foxes come to drink from the dog bowls, outside The Fox's saloon bar]]
<ref name="llb">Ealing's New Plan for the Environment, volume 2 Chapter 10.10 [http://www.ealing.gov.uk/ealing3/export/sites/ealingweb/services/leisure/local_history/historic_buildings/_docs/listedbuilding.pdf Locally Listed Buildings] {{Webarchive|url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20111004082541/http://www.ealing.gov.uk/ealing3/export/sites/ealingweb/services/leisure/local_history/historic_buildings/_docs/listedbuilding.pdf |date=4 October 2011 }}. Prepared by the Borough, buildings of architectural or historical interest. Retrieved 24 August 2008.</ref><ref>{{cite book | last = M<sup>c</sup>Ewan | first = Kate| title = Ealing Walkabout: Journeys into the history of a London borough. | publisher =Nick Wheatly Associates | year = 1983 | location = Cheshire, UK.| pages = 222, 223| isbn = 0-9508895-0-4 }}</ref><ref>Ealing Borough Council (2007). [http://www.ealing.gov.uk/ealing3/export/sites/ealingweb/services/environment/planning/planning_services/conservation/_docs/_management_plans/st_marks_and_canal_ca_management_plan_2007.pdf St Marks and Canal Conservation Area. Management Plan] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111007032945/http://www2.ealing.gov.uk/ealing3/export/sites/ealingweb/services/environment/planning/planning_services/conservation/_docs/_management_plans/st_marks_and_canal_ca_management_plan_2007.pdf |date=7 October 2011 }}. Pages: 27 & 33. Retrieved 25 August 2008.</ref>