Editing Hallucigenia (section)

==Affinity==
[[File:H. sparsa.jpg|thumb|Restoration of ''H. sparsa'']]
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|video1=[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9-Z9Ssgb0Kg&ab_channel=naturevideo&t=0s Hallucigenia: The worm with the missing head]  ''Nature Video'', YouTube.
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Since the revisions around 1990s,<ref name="Ramsköld-1991" /><ref name="Ramsköld-1992" /><ref name="HOU-1995" /> ''Hallucigenia'' is unquestionably a lobopodian panarthropod, although the relationship with other panarthropods remains controversial. ''Hallucigenia'' has long been interpreted as a stem-group onychophoran (velvet worms) – a position that has found support from multiple [[phylogenetic analysis]].<ref name="Smith-2014" /><ref name="Smith-2015" /><ref name="Yang-2015" /><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Zhang|first1=Xi-Guang|last2=Smith|first2=Martin R.|last3=Yang|first3=Jie|last4=Hou|first4=Jin-Bo|date=2016|title=Onychophoran-like musculature in a phosphatized Cambrian lobopodian|journal=Biology Letters|volume=12|issue=9|pages=20160492|doi=10.1098/rsbl.2016.0492|issn=1744-9561|pmc=5046927|pmid=27677816}}</ref> A key character demonstrating this affinity is the cone-in-cone construction of ''Hallucigenia'' claws, a feature shared only with modern onychophorans.<ref name="Smith-2014">{{cite journal | last1 = Smith | first1 = M. R. | last2 = Ortega-Hernández | first2 = J. | year = 2014 | title = ''Hallucigenia''{{'}}s onychophoran-like claws and the case for Tactopoda | url = http://dro.dur.ac.uk/19108/1/19108.pdf| journal = Nature | volume = 514 | issue = 7522| pages = 363–366 | doi = 10.1038/nature13576 | pmid=25132546| bibcode = 2014Natur.514..363S | s2cid = 205239797 }}</ref> On the other hand, some analysis rather support the position of ''Hallucigenia'' as a basal panarthropod outside of onychophoran stem-group.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Caron|first1=Jean-Bernard|last2=Aria|first2=Cédric|date=2017-01-31|title=Cambrian suspension-feeding lobopodians and the early radiation of panarthropods|journal=BMC Evolutionary Biology|volume=17|issue=1|pages=29|doi=10.1186/s12862-016-0858-y|issn=1471-2148|pmc=5282736|pmid=28137244 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name="Siveter-2018" /><ref name="Caron-2020">{{Cite journal|last1=Caron|first1=Jean-Bernard|last2=Aria|first2=Cédric|date=2020|title=The Collins' monster, a spinous suspension-feeding lobopodian from the Cambrian Burgess Shale of British Columbia|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/pala.12499|journal=Palaeontology|language=en|volume=63|issue=6|pages=979–994|doi=10.1111/pala.12499|s2cid=225593728|issn=1475-4983}}</ref> Under this scenario, the cone-in-cone structure shared between ''Hallucigenia'' and onychophorans represent panarthropod [[plesiomorphy]].<ref name="Siveter-2018" /><ref name="Caron-2020" /> ''Hallucigenia'' also exhibits certain characters inherited from the ancestral [[ecdysozoan]], but lost in the modern onychophorans – in particular its distinctive foregut armature.<ref name="Smith-2015" />

Below is a cladogram for ''Hallucigenia'' according to Yang ''et al.'', 2015:<ref name="Yang-2015">{{cite journal |last1=Yang |first1=Jie |date=June 2015 |title=A superarmored lobopodian from the Cambrian of China and early disparity in the evolution of Onychophora |journal= Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|volume=112 |issue=28 |pages=8678–8683 |doi=10.1073/pnas.1505596112 |pmid=26124122 |pmc=4507230 |bibcode=2015PNAS..112.8678Y |doi-access=free }}</ref>

{{clade| style=font-size:100%;line-height:75%;width:300px;
|label1=
|1={{clade
    |1=''[[Microdictyon]]''
    |label1= 
    |2={{clade
        |label1=
        |1=''[[Cardiodictyon]]''
        |label2=
        |2={{clade
            |1='''''Hallucigenia sparsa'''''
            |2='''''Hallucigenia fortis'''''
                |label1= 
                |label2=
                |3={{clade
                    |1='''''Hallucigenia hongmeia'''''
                    |label2=[[Luolishaniidae]] 
                    |2={{clade
                        |1=''[[Acinocricus]]''
                        |2=''[[Collinsovermis]]'' 
                        |3= ''[[Luolishania]]''
                        |4= ''[[Collinsium]]''
                        }}
                    }}
                }}
            }}
        }}
    }}