Editing Gynaecology (section)

===Antiquity===
The [[Kahun Gynaecological Papyrus]], dated to about 1800 BC, deals with gynecological diseases, [[fertility]], pregnancy, [[contraception]], etc. The text is divided into thirty-four sections, each section dealing with a specific problem and containing [[diagnosis]] and treatment; no [[prognosis]] is suggested. Treatments are non-surgical, consisting of applying medicines to the affected body part or delivering medicines orally. During this time, the [[womb]] was at times seen as the source of complaints manifesting themselves in other body parts.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Dixon |first1=Laurinda S. |title=Perilous Chastity: Women and Illness in Pre-Enlightenment Art and Medicine |date=1995 |publisher=Cornell University Press |isbn=978-0-8014-3026-8 |page=15f }}</ref>

[[Ayurveda]], an Indian traditional medical system, also provides details about concepts and techniques related to gynaecology, addressing fertility, childbirth complications, and menstrual disorders among other things.<ref name="Govindan2002">{{cite book|author=S. V. Govindan|title=Fundamental Maxims of Ayurveda: Prepared for the Common People|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S-my-hS7mlkC&pg=PA142|date=November 2002|publisher=Abhinav Publications|isbn=978-81-7017-417-2|pages=142–143|access-date=2020-06-23|archive-date=2020-07-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200709152429/https://books.google.com/books?id=S-my-hS7mlkC&pg=PA142|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Islam2017">{{cite book |doi=10.1007/978-981-10-3962-1 |page=134 |title=Chinese and Indian Medicine Today |date=2017 |last1=Islam |first1=Md. Nazrul |isbn=978-981-10-3961-4 }}</ref> These writings provide a post and prenatal care, integrating lifestyle practices, meditations and yoga, and a dietary regime for overall well-being.

The [[Hippocratic Corpus]] contains several gynaecological treatises dating to the 5th and 4th centuries BC.  Aristotle is another source for medical texts from the 4th century BC with his descriptions of biology primarily found in ''History of Animals, Parts of Animals, Generation of Animals.''<ref>{{cite book |doi=10.1515/9781474468541-014 |chapter=The Cultural Construct of the Female Body in Classical Greek Science |title=Sex and Difference in Ancient Greece and Rome |date=2003 |last1=Dean-Jones |first1=Lesley |pages=183–201 |isbn=978-1-4744-6854-1 }}</ref> The [[Gynecology in ancient Rome|gynaecological]] treatise ''Gynaikeia'' by [[Soranus of Ephesus]] (1st/2nd century AD) is extant (together with a 6th-century [[Latin]] paraphrase by [[Muscio]], a physician of the same school). He was the chief representative of the school of physicians known as the [[Methodic school|"methodists]]."

During the Middle Ages, [[Midwife|midwives]] dominated women's health concerns through experienced-based knowledge, traditional remedies, and herbal medicines. Midwifery was often regarded unscientific and was challenged with the rise of gynecology as an official medical field. The [[Renaissance|Renaissance period]], 16th century, brought about a resurgence of classical scientific advancements, including the ride of medical advancements in the field of gynecology and obstetrics. Figures like [[Ambroise Paré|Ambroise Pare]] were imperative in improving obstetrics techniques during this period. [[Peter Chamberlen the third|Peter Chamberlen]] developed the forceps, an important surgical tool that transformed childbirth and lessened maternal mortality.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last1=Oyelese |first1=Yinka |last2=Grünebaum |first2=Amos |last3=Chervenak |first3=Frank |date=2024-11-01 |title=Respect for history: an important dimension of contemporary obstetrics and gynecology |url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/jpm-2024-0348/html?lang=en&srsltid=AfmBOopXRTVG_6J_5DuWj4VCS-sg1wpTZmXXG_SOKENWgSVlXvM5EPFa |journal=Journal of Perinatal Medicine |language=en |volume=52 |issue=9 |pages=914–926 |doi=10.1515/jpm-2024-0348 |pmid=39272109 |issn=1619-3997}}</ref>