Editing Graviton (section)

=== Gravitons and renormalization ===
When describing graviton interactions, the [[classical theory]] of [[Feynman diagram]]s and semiclassical corrections such as [[one-loop diagram]]s behave normally. However, Feynman diagrams with at least two loops lead to [[ultraviolet divergence]]s.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Bern |first1=Zvi |last2=Chi |first2=Huan-Hang |last3=Dixon |first3=Lance |last4=Edison |first4=Alex |date=2017-02-22 |title=Two-loop renormalization of quantum gravity simplified |url=https://www.slac.stanford.edu/pubs/slacpubs/16750/slac-pub-16905.pdf |journal=Physical Review D |language=en |volume=95 |issue=4 |page=046013 |arxiv=1701.02422 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevD.95.046013 |bibcode=2017PhRvD..95d6013B |issn=2470-0010}}</ref> These infinite results cannot be removed because quantized [[general relativity]] is not [[Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics)|perturbatively]] [[renormalizable]], unlike [[quantum electrodynamics]] and models such as the [[Yang–Mills theory]]. Therefore, incalculable answers are found from the perturbation method by which physicists calculate the probability of a particle to emit or absorb gravitons, and the theory loses predictive veracity. Those problems and the complementary approximation framework are grounds to show that a theory more unified than quantized general relativity is required to describe the behavior near the [[Planck scale]].