Editing Glamorgan (section)

===Morgannwg===
{{Infobox country
| native_name            = ''Teyrnas Morgannwg''
| conventional_long_name = Kingdom of Morgannwg
| common_name            = Glamorgan|
| era                    = Middle Ages
| government_type        = Monarchy|
| life_span              = 942–974<br>1063–1091
| event_start            = First union of Gwent and Glywysing
| year_start             = 942
| event1                 = Union disestablished
| date_event1            = 974
| event2                 = Kingdoms reunited
| date_event2            = 1063
| event_end              = Conquered <br />(by the Norman lord, Robert Fitzhamon)
| year_end               = 1091
| date_end               = |
| p1                     = Kingdom of Gwent|
| p2                     = Kingdom of Glywysing|
| s1                     = Kingdom of Gwent|
| s2                     = Kingdom of Glywysing
| s3                     = Lord of Glamorgan|
| image_flag             = 
| image_coat             = 
| symbol_type            = 
| capital                = Various<ref>The three cantrefs composing Glywysing were based at [[Allt Wynllyw]] on [[Stow Hill]] (modern [[Newport, Wales|Newport]]); [[Nant Pawl]]; and [[Llaniltud Fawr]]. These were sometimes independent and sometimes controlled one another. Cf. ''The History Files'': "Celtic Kingdoms of the British Isles: [http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsBritain/CymruGlywyssing.htm Cernyw / Glywyssing]" (Accessed 14 February 2013).</ref>|
| common_languages       = Welsh
| leader1                = [[Morgan Hen ab Owain]]
| year_leader1           = 942–974
| leader2                = [[Cadwgan ap Meurig]]
| year_leader2           = 1063–1074
| leader3                = [[Iestyn ap Gwrgan]]
| year_leader3           = 1081–1091
| footnotes              = {{Note|1}}
}}

{{Main|Glywysing#Morgannwg}}
====Early history====
The region originated as an independent petty kingdom named ''[[Glywysing]]'', believed to be named after a 5th-century Welsh king called [[Glywys]], who is said to have been descended from a Roman Governor in the region. [[Paul Aurelian|Saint Paul Aurelian]] was born in Glamorgan in the 6th century. The names ''{{lang|cy|Morgannwg}}'' (''{{lang|cy|Morgan}}'' + territorial suffix ''{{lang|cy|-wg}}'', 'territory of Morgan') and ''{{lang|en|Glamorgan}}'' (''{{lang|cy|gwlad}}'' + ''{{lang|cy|Morgan}}'', 'land of Morgan')<ref>{{Cite book|last=Owen|first=Hywel Wyn|title=The Place-Names of Wales|publisher=University of Wales Press|year=2015|isbn=9781783161645|pages=76}}</ref> reputedly derive from the 8th-century king Morgan ab Athrwys, otherwise known as "Morgan Mwynfawr" ('great in riches') who united ''[[Glywysing]]'' with the neighbouring kingdoms of [[Kingdom of Gwent|Gwent]] and [[Ergyng]], although some have argued for the similar 10th-century ruler [[Morgan Hen]].<ref>{{cite book|author1=Hywel Wyn Owen |author2=Richard Morgan |title=Dictionary of the Place-names of Wales|publisher=Gomer Press|location=Llandysul|year=2007|page=166|isbn=978-1-84323-901-7}}</ref> It is possible it was only the union of [[Kingdom of Gwent|Gwent]] and [[Glywysing]] that was referred to as Morgannwg.<ref>[[Wendy Davies]]. (1982). ''Wales in the Early Middle Ages''. London: Leicester University Press</ref> By virtue of its location and geography, Morgannwg or Glywysing was the second part of Wales, after Gwent, to fall under the control of the [[Anglo-Normans|Normans]] and was frequently the scene of fighting between the [[Marcher Lords]] and Welsh princes.<ref name="Rees">William Rees. (1951). ''An Historical Atlas of Wales''. Cardiff: University College</ref>

====Early buildings====
The earliest buildings of note included earthwork dykes and rudimentary [[motte-and-bailey]] hillside defences. All that remains of these fortifications are foundations that leave archaeological evidence of their existence, though many were built upon to create more permanent defensive structures. The earliest surviving structures within the region are early stone monuments, waypoints and grave markers dating between the 5th and 7th century, with many being moved from their original position to sheltered locations for protection.<ref name="Newman37">Newman (1995), p.37</ref> The most notable of the early stone markers still in its original place is on a high mountain ridge at [[Gelligaer]].<ref name="Newman37"/> Of the later plaitwork patterned standing crosses the finest and best preserved is the 9th century 'Houelt' stone at [[Llantwit Major]].<ref name="Newman38">Newman (1995), p. 38</ref>