Editing Gibbon (section)

==Taxonomy==
{{main|List of hominoids}}

[[File:Hominoid taxonomy 7.svg|thumb|220px|Hominoid family tree]]
[[File:Witwanggibbon M.jpg|thumb|[[Northern white-cheeked gibbon]], ''Nomascus leucogenys'']]

The family is divided into four [[genus|genera]] based on their [[diploid]] [[chromosome]] number: ''[[Hylobates]]'' (44), ''[[Hoolock]]'' (38), ''[[Nomascus]]'' (52), and ''[[Symphalangus]]'' (50).<ref name="Mootnick"/><ref name=Geissmann>{{cite journal | last = Geissmann | first = Thomas | journal = International Zoo News | title = Gibbon systematics and species identification | volume = 42 | url = http://gibbons.de/main/papers/pdf_files/1995gibbon_systematics_big.pdf | date=December 1995 | access-date = 2008-08-15 | pages = 467–501}}</ref> Also, three extinct genera currently are recognised: ''[[Bunopithecus]]'', ''[[Junzi imperialis|Junzi]]'', and ''[[Yuanmoupithecus]]''.<ref name="Mootnick"/><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Weintraub |first1=Karen |title= Extinct gibbon found in tomb of ancient Chinese emperor's grandmother |journal=The New York Times |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/21/science/extinct-gibbon-china.html |language=en|date=2018-06-21 |access-date= 2021-01-13}}</ref><ref name="SN-20200908">{{cite news |last=Bower |first=Bruce |title=A stray molar is the oldest known fossil from an ancient gibbon - Ancestors of these small-bodied apes were in India roughly 13 million years ago, a study suggests |url=https://www.sciencenews.org/article/ancient-primates-apes-gibbon-tooth |date=8 September 2020 |work=[[Science News]] |access-date=8 September 2020 }}</ref><ref name=Ji/><ref>{{Cite book|last=Sonstige|first=Wilson, Don E. 1944- Hrsg. Cavallini, Paolo|url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/1222638259|title=Handbook of the mammals of the world|date=2013|publisher=Lynx Edicions|isbn=978-84-96553-89-7|oclc=1222638259}}</ref>

'''Family Hylobatidae''': gibbons<ref name="MSW3"/><ref name=Geissmann/><ref name=gibbons-de>{{cite web| last= Geissmann| first= Thomas| url= http://gibbons.de/main/system/system.html#framework | work= Gibbon Systematics and Species Identification| title= Chapter 3: "Adopting a Systematic Framework| access-date= 2011-04-05| via= gibbons.de}}</ref>
* Genus ''[[Hoolock]]''
** [[Western hoolock gibbon]], ''H. hoolock''
** [[Eastern hoolock gibbon]], ''H. leuconedys''
** [[Skywalker hoolock gibbon]], ''H. tianxing''<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/jan/11/new-species-of-gibbon-discovered-in-china |title=New species of gibbon discovered in China |first=Georgia |last=Brown|date= 11 January 2017|work=The Guardian | access-date= January 13, 2021}}</ref>
* Genus ''[[Hylobates]]'': dwarf gibbons
** [[Lar gibbon]] or white-handed gibbon, ''H. lar''
** [[Bornean white-bearded gibbon]], ''H. albibarbis''
** [[Agile gibbon]] or black-handed gibbon, ''H. agilis''
**[[Western grey gibbon]] or Abbott's grey gibbon, ''H. abbotti<ref name="Sonstige-2013">{{Cite book|last=Sonstige|first=Wilson, Don E. 1944- Hrsg. Cavallini, Paolo|url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/1222638259|title=Handbook of the mammals of the world|date=2013|publisher=Lynx Edicions|isbn=978-84-96553-89-7|oclc=1222638259}}</ref>''
**[[Eastern grey gibbon]] or northern grey gibbon, ''H. funereus<ref name="Sonstige-2013" />''
** [[Müller's gibbon]] or southern grey gibbon, ''H. muelleri''
** [[Silvery gibbon]], ''H. moloch''
** [[Pileated gibbon]] or capped gibbon, ''H. pileatus''
** [[Kloss's gibbon]], Mentawai gibbon or bilou, ''H. klossii''
* Genus ''[[Symphalangus]]''
** [[Siamang]], ''S. syndactylus''
* Genus ''[[Nomascus]]'': crested gibbons
** [[Northern buffed-cheeked gibbon]], ''N. annamensis''
** Concolor or [[black crested gibbon]], ''N. concolor''
** [[Eastern black crested gibbon]] or Cao Vit black crested gibbon, ''N. nasutus''
** [[Hainan black crested gibbon]], ''N. hainanus''
** [[Northern white-cheeked gibbon]], ''N. leucogenys''
** [[Southern white-cheeked gibbon]], ''N. siki''
** [[Yellow-cheeked gibbon]], ''N. gabriellae''

=== Extinct genera ===
* Genus ''[[Bunopithecus]]''
** ''[[Bunopithecus sericus]]''
* Genus ''[[Junzi (genus)|Junzi]]''
** ''[[Junzi imperialis]]''
*Genus ''[[Yuanmoupithecus]]''<ref name=Ji/>
** ''[[Yuanmoupithecus xiaoyuan]]''

===Hybrids===
Many gibbons are hard to identify based on fur coloration, so are identified either by song or genetics.<ref name=songs>{{cite journal |title=Songs of hybrid gibbons (''Hylobates lar'' × ''H. muelleri'') |author=Tenaza, R. |year=1984 |journal=American Journal of Primatology |volume=8 |issue=3 |pages=249–253 |doi=10.1002/ajp.1350080307 |pmid=31986810|s2cid=84957700 }}</ref> These morphological ambiguities have led to hybrids in zoos. Zoos often receive gibbons of unknown origin, so they rely on morphological variation or labels that are impossible to verify to assign species and subspecies names, so separate species of gibbons commonly are misidentified and housed together. Interspecific hybrids, within a genus, are also suspected to occur in wild gibbons where their ranges overlap.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Sugawara, K. |title=Sociological study of a wild group of hybrid baboons between ''Papio anubis'' and ''P. hamadryas'' in the Awash Valley, Ethiopia |year=1979 |journal=Primates |volume=20 |issue=1 |doi=10.1007/BF02373827 |pages=21–56|s2cid=23061688 }}</ref> No records exist, however, of fertile hybrids between different gibbon genera, either in the wild or in captivity.<ref name="Carbone et al. 2014"/>