Editing Geography of Hong Kong (section)

===Location===
[[File:Hong Kong anotated zh.gif|thumb|Satellite Image of Hong Kong]]
[[File:Hong Kong Location.png|thumb|Location of Hong Kong with respect to the [[Pearl River Delta]]]]
[[File:Pearl River Delta Area.png|thumb|right|Map showing Hong Kong and surrounding cities]]
[[File:Hk-map.png|right|thumb|Hong Kong borders the city of [[Shenzhen]] in [[Guangdong]] Province (1954)]]
[[File:Txu-oclc-6654394-nf-50-7th-ed.jpg|thumb|Map including Hong Kong and surrounding region from the [[International Map of the World]] (1955)]]
[[File:Operational Navigation Chart J-11, 12th edition.jpg|thumb|Map including Hong Kong and surrounding region ([[Defense Mapping Agency|DMA]], 1984)]]
[[File:HongKong2021OSM.png|thumb|Enlargeable, detailed map of the Hong Kong SAR]]
Hong Kong is on China's southern coast, {{convert|60|km|mi|abbr=on}} east of [[Macau]], on the east side of the mouth of the Pearl River estuary. It is surrounded by the [[South China Sea]] on all sides except the north, which neighbours the Guangdong city of [[Shenzhen]] along the [[Sham Chun River]]. The territory's {{convert|2755|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} area consists of Hong Kong Island, the [[Kowloon Peninsula]], the [[New Territories]], Lantau Island, and over 200 other islands. Of the total area, {{convert|1073|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} is land and {{convert|35|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} is water.<ref name="cia">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/hk.html |title=Hong Kong |publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]] |work=[[The World Factbook]] |accessdate=2 October 2018 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20091002113041/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/hk.html |archive-date=2 October 2009 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> The territory's highest point is [[Tai Mo Shan]], {{convert|957|m|ft|abbr=off}} above sea level.<ref>{{harvnb|Owen|Shaw|2007|p=13}}.</ref> Urban development is concentrated on the Kowloon Peninsula, Hong Kong Island, and in [[New towns of Hong Kong|new towns]] throughout the New Territories.<ref>{{harvnb|Population By-Census|2016|pp=34–35}}.</ref> Much of this is built on [[Land reclamation in Hong Kong|reclaimed land]], due to the lack of developable flat land; {{convert|70|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} (six per cent of the total land or about 25 per cent of developed space in the territory) is reclaimed from the sea.<ref name="reclamation">{{harvnb|Land Policy Report|2017|p=1}}.</ref>

Undeveloped terrain is hilly to mountainous, with very little flat land, and consists mostly of grassland, woodland, shrubland, or farmland.<ref>{{harvnb|Owen|Shaw|2007|p=2}}.</ref><ref>{{harvnb|"Land Utilization in Hong Kong 2017", Planning Department}}.</ref> About 40 per cent of the remaining land area is [[Conservation in Hong Kong|country parks]] and nature reserves.<ref>{{harvnb|Morton|Harper|1995|p=9}}.</ref> The territory has a diverse ecosystem; over 3,000 species of [[vascular plant]]s occur in the region (300 of which are native to Hong Kong), and thousands of insect, avian, and marine species.<ref>{{harvnb|Hu|2003}}.</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gov.hk/en/residents/environment/conservation/naturalenvplantsanimals.htm |title=The Natural Environment, Plants & Animals in Hong Kong |publisher=Government of Hong Kong |accessdate=15 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171115215525/https://www.gov.hk/en/residents/environment/conservation/naturalenvplantsanimals.htm |archive-date=15 November 2017 |url-status=live  }}</ref>