Editing Gematria (section)

==Methods of Hebrew gematria==
===Standard encoding===
In standard gematria (''mispar hechrechi''), each letter is given a numerical value between 1 and 400, as shown in the following table. In  ''mispar gadol'', the five final letters are given their own values, ranging from 500 to 900. It is possible that this well-known cipher was used to conceal other more hidden ciphers in Jewish texts. For instance, a scribe may discuss a sum using the 'standard gematria' cipher, but may intend the sum to be checked with a different secret cipher.{{citation needed|date=June 2023}}

{|
|style="vertical-align:top;"|
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! Decimal
! style="width:6.5em;" | Hebrew
! Glyph
|-
! [[1 (number)|1]]
| ''[[Aleph]]''
| <big>{{lang|he|א}}</big>
|-
! [[2 (number)|2]]
| ''[[Bet (letter)|Bet]]''
| <big>{{lang|he|ב}}</big>
|-
! [[3 (number)|3]]
| ''[[Gimel]]''
| <big>{{lang|he|ג}}</big>
|-
! [[4 (number)|4]]
| ''[[Dalet]]''
| <big>{{lang|he|ד}}</big>
|-
! [[5 (number)|5]]
| ''[[He (letter)|He]]''
| <big>{{lang|he|ה}}</big>
|-
! [[6 (number)|6]]
| ''[[Vav (letter)|Vav]]''
| <big>{{lang|he|ו}}</big>
|-
! [[7 (number)|7]]
| ''[[Zayin]]''
| <big>{{lang|he|ז}}</big>
|-
! [[8 (number)|8]]
| ''[[Het (letter)|Het]]''
| <big>{{lang|he|ח}}</big>
|-
! [[9 (number)|9]]
| ''[[Tet (letter)|Tet]]''
| <big>{{lang|he|ט}}</big>
|}
|style="vertical-align:top;"|
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! Decimal
! style="width:6.5em;" | Hebrew
! Glyph
|-
! [[10 (number)|10]]
| ''[[Yod (letter)|Yod]]''
| <big>{{lang|he|י}}</big>
|-
! [[20 (number)|20]]
| ''[[Kaph (letter)|Kaf]]''
| <big>{{lang|he|כ}}</big>
|-
! [[30 (number)|30]]
| ''[[Lamed]]''
| <big>{{lang|he|ל}}</big>
|-
! [[40 (number)|40]]
| ''[[Mem]]''
| <big>{{lang|he|מ}}</big>
|-
! [[50 (number)|50]]
| ''[[Nun (letter)|Nun]]''
| <big>{{lang|he|נ}}</big>
|-
! [[60 (number)|60]]
| ''[[Samekh]]''
| <big>{{lang|he|ס}}</big>
|-
! [[70 (number)|70]]
| ''[[Ayin]]''
| <big>{{lang|he|ע}}</big>
|-
! [[80 (number)|80]]
| ''[[Pe (Semitic letter)|Pe]]''
| <big>{{lang|he|פ}}</big>
|-
! [[90 (number)|90]]
| ''[[Tsadi]]''
| <big>{{lang|he|צ}}</big>
|}
|style="vertical-align:top;"|
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! Decimal
! style="width:6.5em;" | Hebrew
! Glyph
|-
! [[100 (number)|100]]
| ''[[Qoph|Kof]]''
| <big>{{lang|he|ק}}</big>
|-
! [[200 (number)|200]]
| ''[[Resh]]''
| <big>{{lang|he|ר}}</big>
|-
! [[300 (number)|300]]
| ''[[Shin (letter)|Shin]]''
| <big>{{lang|he|ש}}</big>
|-
! [[400 (number)|400]]
| ''[[Tav (letter)|Tav]]''
| <big>{{lang|he|ת}}</big>
|-
! [[500 (number)|500]]
| ''[[Kaph (letter)|Kaf]] (final)''
| <big>{{lang|he|ך}}</big>
|-
! [[600 (number)|600]]
| ''[[Mem]] (final)''
| <big>{{lang|he|ם}}</big>
|-
! [[700 (number)|700]]
| ''[[Nun (letter)|Nun]] (final)''
| <big>{{lang|he|ן}}</big>
|-
! [[800 (number)|800]]
| ''[[Pe (Semitic letter)|Pe]] (final)''
| <big>{{lang|he|ף}}</big>
|-
! [[900 (number)|900]]
| ''[[Tsadi]] (final)''
| <big>{{lang|he|ץ}}</big>
|}
|}

A mathematical formula for finding a letter's corresponding number in ''mispar gadol'' is:{{citation needed|date=June 2023}}

:<math>f(x) = 10^{\left \lfloor \frac{x-1}{9} \right \rfloor} \times ((x-1 \mod 9) + 1),</math>

where ''x'' is the position of the letter in the language letters index (regular order of letters), and the [[Floor and ceiling functions|floor]] and [[Modulo operation|modulo]] functions are used.

===Vowels===
The value of the [[Niqqud|Hebrew vowels]] is not usually counted, but some lesser-known methods include the vowels as well. The most common vowel values are as follows (a less common alternative value, based on the [[digit sum]], is given in parentheses):

{|
|style="vertical-align:top;"|
{|class="wikitable" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;"
|-
! Decimal !!style="width:9.0em;"| Vowel !! Glyph
|-
! 6
| <br/>''[[Patach]]''<br/><br/>
|style="font-size:350%;vertical-align:top;"| {{lang|he| ַ }} </tr>
|-
!rowspan="3"| 10 (1)
| <br/>''[[Hiriq]]''<br/><br/> ||style="font-size:350%;vertical-align:top;"| {{lang|he| &nbsp;ִ }} </tr>
| <br/>''[[Holam]]''<br/><br/> ||style="font-size:350%;vertical-align:top;"| {{lang|he| &nbsp;ֹ}} </tr>
| <br/>''[[Shuruk]]''<br/><br/> ||style="font-size:350%;vertical-align:middle;"| {{lang|he| &nbsp;וּ }} </tr>
|}
|style="vertical-align:top;"|
{|class="wikitable" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;"
|-
! Decimal !!style="width:9.0em;"| Vowel !! Glyph
|-
! 16 (7)
| <br/>''[[Kamatz]]''<br/><br/>
|style="font-size:350%;vertical-align:top;"| {{lang|he| ָ }} </tr>
|-
!rowspan="2"| 20 (2)
| <br/>''[[Zeire]]''<br/><br/> ||style="font-size:350%;vertical-align:top;"| {{lang|he| ֵ }} </tr>
| <br/>''[[Sh'va]]''<br/><br/> ||style="font-size:350%;vertical-align:top;"| {{lang|he| ְ }} </tr>
|-
! 26 (8)
| <br/>''[[Reduced patach]]''<br/><br/>
|style="font-size:350%;vertical-align:top;"| {{lang|he| ֲ }} </tr>
|}
|style="vertical-align:top;"|
{|class="wikitable" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;"
|-
! Decimal !!style="width:9.0em;"| Vowel !! Glyph
|-
!rowspan="2"| 30 (3)
| <br/>''[[Segol]]''<br/><br/> ||style="font-size:350%;vertical-align:top;"| {{lang|he| ֶ }} </tr>
| <br/>''[[Kubutz]]''<br/><br/> ||style="font-size:350%;vertical-align:top;"| {{lang|he| ֻ }} </tr>
|-
! 36 (9)
| <br/>''[[Reduced kamatz]]''<br/><br/>
|style="font-size:350%;vertical-align:top;"| {{lang|he| ֳ }} </tr>
|-
! 50 (5)
| <br/>''[[Reduced segol]]''<br/><br/>
|style="font-size:350%;vertical-align:top;"| {{lang|he| ֱ }} </tr>
|}
|}

Sometimes, the names of the vowels are spelled out and their gematria is calculated using standard methods.<ref name="Sefer ha-Malchut" />

===Other methods===
There are many different methods used to calculate the numerical value for the individual Hebrew/Aramaic words, phrases or whole sentences. Gematria is the 29th of 32 hermeneutical rules countenanced by the Rabbis of the Talmud for valid [[aggadic]] interpretation of the Torah.<ref>{{cite book |last=Pessin |first=Sarah |date=2013 |title=A Readers Guide to Judaism |location=New York |publisher=Routledge |page=457 |isbn=978-1-57958-139-8}}</ref> More advanced methods are usually used for the most significant Biblical verses, [[Jewish liturgy|prayers]], names of God, etc. These methods include:<ref>[[Moshe Cordovero]], [https://www.hebrewbooks.org/45137 Pardes Rimmonim] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191226170143/https://www.hebrewbooks.org/45137 |date=2019-12-26 }}</ref>
* ''Mispar hechrachi'' (absolute value) is the standard method. It assigns the values 1–9, 10–90, 100–400 to the 22 Hebrew letters in order. Sometimes it is also called ''mispar ha-panim'' (face number), as opposed to the more complicated ''mispar ha-akhor'' (back number).
* ''Mispar gadol'' (large value) counts the final forms (sofit) of the Hebrew letters as a continuation of the numerical sequence for the alphabet, with the final letters assigned values from 500 to 900. The name ''mispar gadol'' is sometimes used for a different method, ''Otiyot beMilui''.
* The same name, ''mispar gadol'', is also used for another method, which spells the name of each letter and adds the standard values of the resulting string. For example, the letter ''aleph'' is spelled ''aleph lamed peh'', giving it a value of <math>1+30+80=111</math>.
* ''Mispar katan'' (small value) calculates the value of each letter, but truncates all of the zeros. It is also sometimes called ''mispar me'ugal''.
* ''Mispar siduri'' (ordinal value) with each of the 22 letters given a value from 1 to 22.
* ''Mispar bone'eh'' (building value, also ''revu'a'', square<ref>Toras Menachem – ''Tiferes Levi Yitzchok Vol. I'' – Bereshis, p. 2, fn. 7</ref>) is calculated by walking over each letter from the beginning to the end, adding the value of all previous letters and the value of the current letter to the running total. Therefore, the value of the word ''achad'' (one) is <math>1 + (1 + 8) + (1 + 8 + 4) = 23</math>.
* ''Mispar kidmi'' (preceding value) uses each letter as the sum of all the standard gematria letter values preceding it. Therefore, the value of ''aleph'' is 1, the value of ''bet'' is 1+2=3, the value of ''gimel'' is 1+2+3=6, etc. It is also known as ''mispar meshulash'' (triangular or tripled number).
* ''Mispar p'rati'' calculates the value of each letter as the square of its standard gematria value. Therefore, the value of ''aleph'' is 1&nbsp;×&nbsp;1&nbsp;=&nbsp;1, the value of ''bet'' is 2&nbsp;×&nbsp;2&nbsp;=&nbsp;4, the value of ''gimel'' is 3&nbsp;×&nbsp;3&nbsp;=&nbsp;9, etc. It is also known as ''mispar ha-merubah ha-prati''.
* ''Mispar ha-merubah ha-klali'' is the square of the standard absolute value of each word.
* ''Mispar meshulash'' calculates the value of each letter as the cube of their standard value. The same term is more often used for ''mispar kidmi''.
* ''Mispar ha-akhor'' – The value of each letter is its standard value multiplied by the position of the letter in a word or a phrase in either ascending or descending order. This method is particularly interesting, because the result is sensitive to the order of letters. It is also sometimes called ''mispar meshulash'' (triangular number).
* ''Mispar mispari'' spells out the standard values of each letter by their Hebrew names ("achad" (one) is <math>1+8+4=13</math> etc.), and then adds up the standard values of the resulting string.
* ''Otiyot be-milui'' ("filled letters", also known as ''mispar gadol'' or ''mispar shemi''), uses the value of each letter as equal to the value of its name.<ref>the spelling of the name of the number comes from the Talmud</ref> For example, the value of the letter ''aleph'' is <math>(1 + 30 + 80) = 111</math>, ''bet'' is <math>(2 + 10 + 400) = 412</math>, etc. Sometimes the same operation is applied two or more times recursively. In a variation known as ''otiyot pnimiyot'' (inner letters), the initial letter in the spelled-out name is omitted, thus the value of ''aleph'' becomes 30+80=110.
* ''Mispar ne'elam'' (hidden number) spells out the name of each letter without the letter itself (e.g., "leph" for ''aleph'') and adds up the value of the resulting string.
* ''Mispar katan mispari'' (integral reduced value) is used where the total numerical value of a word is reduced to a single digit. If the sum of the value exceeds 9, the integer values of the total are repeatedly added to produce a single-digit number. The same value will be arrived at regardless of whether it is the absolute values, the ordinal values, or the reduced values that are being counted by methods above. For example, the value of word ''emet'' (truth - אֶמֶת) is ''aleph'' + ''mem'' + ''tav'': <math>1 + 40 + 400 = 441 \rightarrow 1 + 4 + 4 = 9,</math> ''Emet - Emet'' is <math>(1 + 4 + 4) + (1 + 4 + 4) = 18 \rightarrow 1 + 8 = 9,</math> ''emet - emet - emet'' is <math>(1 + 4 + 4) + (1 + 4 + 4) + (1 + 4 + 4) = 27 \rightarrow 2 + 7 = 9,</math> etc.
* ''Mispar musafi'' adds the number of the letters in the word or phrase to their gematria.
* ''Kolel'' is the number of words, which is often added to the gematria. In case of one word, the standard value is incremented by one.

===Related transformations===
Within the wider topic of gematria are included the various alphabet transformations, where one letter is substituted by another based on a logical scheme:
* ''[[Atbash]]'' exchanges each letter in a word or a phrase by ''opposite'' letters. Opposite letters are determined by substituting the first letter of the Hebrew alphabet (''aleph'') with the last letter (''tav''), the second letter (''bet'') with the next to last (''shin''), etc. The result can be interpreted as a secret message or calculated by the standard gematria methods. A few instances of ''atbash'' are found already in the Hebrew [[Bible]]. For example, see [[Jeremiah]] 25:26, and 51:41, with [[Targum Jonathan|Targum]] and [[Rashi]], in which the name ששך ("Sheshek") is thought to represent בבל ([[Babylon]]).<ref name=JE>{{JewishEncyclopedia|url=http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/6571-gematria|title=GEMAṬRIA |author=[[Solomon Schechter]] |author2=Caspar Levias}}</ref>
* ''Albam'' – the alphabet is divided in half, eleven letters in each section. The first letter of the first series is exchanged for the first letter of the second series, the second letter of the first series for the second letter of the second series, and so forth.
* ''Achbi'' divides the alphabet into two equal groups of 11 letters. Within each group, the first letter is replaced by the last, the second by the 10th, etc.
* ''Ayak bakar'' replaces each letter by another one that has a 10-times-greater value. The final letters usually signify the numbers from 500 to 900. Thousands is reduced to ones (1,000 becomes 1, 2,000 becomes 2, etc.)
* ''Ofanim'' replaces each letter by the last letter of its name (e.g. ''peh'' for ''aleph'').
* ''Akhas beta'' divides the alphabet into three groups of 7, 7 and 8 letters. Each letter is replaced cyclically by the corresponding letter of the next group. The letter [[Tav (letter)|Tav]] remains the same.
* ''Avgad'' replaces each letter by the next one. ''Tav'' becomes ''aleph''. The opposite operation is also used.
Most of the above-mentioned methods and ciphers are listed by Rabbi [[Moses ben Jacob Cordovero|Moshe Cordevero]].<ref>Moshe Cordevero, ''Sefer Pardes ha-Rimonim'', ''שער האותיות''</ref>

Some authors provide lists of as many as 231 various replacement ciphers, related to the 231 mystical Gates of the ''[[Sefer Yetzirah]]''.<ref name="Sefer ha-Shem">Elazar Rokeach, ''Sefer ha-Shem''</ref>

Dozens of other far more advanced methods are used in Kabbalistic literature, without any particular names. In Ms. Oxford 1,822, one article lists 75 different forms of gematria.<ref>''Encyclopedia Judaica Vol. 7'', 2007, p. 426</ref> Some known methods are [[Recursion|recursive]] in nature and are reminiscent of [[graph theory]] or make a lot of use of [[combinatorics]]. Rabbi [[Eleazar of Worms|Elazar Rokeach]] (born c. 1176 – died 1238) often used multiplication, instead of addition, for the above-mentioned methods. For example, spelling out the letters of a word and then multiplying the squares of each letter value in the resulting string produces very large numbers, in orders of [[10^12|trillions]]. The spelling process can be applied recursively, until a certain pattern (e.g., all the letters of the word "[[Talmud]]") is found; the gematria of the resulting string is then calculated. The same author also used the sums of all possible unique letter combinations, which add up to the value of a given letter. For example, the letter [[He (letter)|Hei]], which has the standard value of 5, can be produced by combining <math>1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1</math>, <math>2 + 1 + 1 + 1</math>, <math>3 + 1 + 1</math>, <math>4+1</math>, <math>2 + 2 + 1</math>, or <math>2+3</math>, which adds up to <math>30</math>. Sometimes combinations of repeating letters are not allowed (e.g., <math>2+3</math> is valid, but <math>3 + 1 + 1</math> is not). The original letter itself can also be viewed as a valid combination.<ref name="Sefer ha-Shem" />

Variant spellings of some letters can be used to produce sets of different numbers, which can be added up or analyzed separately. Many various complex [[formal system]]s and recursive algorithms, based on graph-like structural analysis of the letter names and their relations to each other, [[modular arithmetic]], pattern search and other highly advanced techniques, are found in the "Sefer ha-Malchut" by Rabbi David ha-Levi of the [[Draa|Draa Valley]], a Spanish-Moroccan Kabbalist of the 15th–16th century.<ref name="Sefer ha-Malchut">Sefer ha-Malchut, "Sifrei Chaim", Jerusalem, 2008</ref> Rabbi David ha-Levi's methods also consider the numerical values and other properties of [[Niqqud|the vowels]].

Kabbalistic [[Jewish views of astrology|astrology]] uses some specific methods to determine the astrological influences on a particular person. According to one method, the gematria of the person's name is added to the gematria of his or her mother's name; the result is then divided by 7 and 12. The remainders signify a particular planet and Zodiac sign.<ref>Commentary to [[Sefer Yetzirah]], attributed to [[Saadia Gaon]], 6:4; Rabbi Aryeh Kaplan, Sefer Yetzirah, "WeiserBooks", Boston, 1997, pp. 220–221</ref>

===Transliterated Hebrew===
Historically, hermetic and esoteric groups of the 19th and 20th centuries in the UK and in France used a transliterated Hebrew cipher with the Latin alphabet. In particular, the transliterated cipher was taught to members of the [[Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn]]. In 1887, [[S.L. MacGregor Mathers]], who was one of the order's founders, published the transliterated cipher in ''[[The Kabbalah Unveiled]]'' in the [[Mathers table]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Mathers |first=S.L. MacGregor |date=1887 |title=The Kabbalah Unveiled |location=London |publisher=Redway |page=3}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Westcott |first=W. Wynn |date=1890 |title=Numbers |location=London |publisher=Theosophical Publishing Society |page=37 |isbn=}}</ref>

{| style="font-family:'times new roman',serif;border:1px solid black;font-size:medium;margin: 1em auto;" cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 border=0
|-
! style="border-bottom:1px solid black;padding:3px;font-size:large;" colspan=10 | TABLE OF HEBREW AND CHALDEE LETTERS
|-
! style="border-right:1px solid black;border-bottom:1px solid black;padding:3px;font-size:small;" | Number
! style="border-right:1px solid black;border-bottom:1px solid black;padding:3px;font-size:small;" | Sound or Power
! style="border-right:1px solid black;border-bottom:1px solid black;padding:3px;font-size:small;" colspan=3 | Hebrew and<br />Chaldee Letters
! style="border-right:1px solid black;border-bottom:1px solid black;padding:3px;font-size:small;" colspan=2 | Numerical Values
! style="border-right:1px solid black;border-bottom:1px solid black;padding:3px;font-size:small;" | Roman character by<br />which expressed
! style="border-right:1px solid black;border-bottom:1px solid black;padding:3px;font-size:small;" | Names
! style="border-bottom:1px solid black;padding:3px;font-size:small;" | Signification of Names
|-
| style="text-align:right;border-right:1px solid black;padding:3px 3px 0 3px;" | 1.
| style="text-align:left;border-right:1px solid black;padding:3px 3px 0 3px;" | ''a'' (soft breathing).
| style="text-align:left;font-size:x-large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:3px 3px 0 3px;" colspan=3 | א
| style="text-align:right;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;padding:3px 3px 0 3px;" | 1.
| style="padding:3px 3px 0 3px;text-align:left;border-right:1px solid black;vertical-align:top;font-size:medium" rowspan=10 | (Thousands&nbsp;are<br />&nbsp;denoted&nbsp;by&nbsp;a<br />&nbsp;larger&nbsp;letter;<br />&nbsp;thus&nbsp;an&nbsp;Aleph<br />&nbsp;larger&nbsp;than&nbsp;the<br />&nbsp;rest&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;let-<br />&nbsp;ters&nbsp;among<br />&nbsp;which&nbsp;it&nbsp;is,<br />&nbsp;signifies&nbsp;not&nbsp;1,<br />&nbsp;but&nbsp;1000.)
| style="text-align:center;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:3px 3px 0 3px;" | A.&nbsp;
| style="border-right:1px solid black;padding:3px 3px 0 3px;" | Aleph.
| style="padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Ox.
|-
| style="text-align:right;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 2.
| style="text-align:left;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | ''b, bh (v)''.
| style="text-align:left;font-size:x-large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" colspan=3 | ב
| style="text-align:right;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 2.
| style="text-align:center;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:3px 3px 0 3px;" | B.&nbsp;
| style="border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Beth.
| style="padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | House.
|-
| style="text-align:right;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 3.
| style="text-align:left;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | ''g'' (hard), ''gh''.
| style="text-align:left;font-size:x-large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" colspan=3 | ג
| style="text-align:right;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 3.
| style="text-align:center;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:3px 3px 0 3px;" | G.&nbsp;
| style="border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Gimel.
| style="padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Camel.
|-
| style="text-align:right;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 4.
| style="text-align:left;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | ''d, dh'' (flat ''th'').
| style="text-align:left;font-size:x-large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" colspan=3 | ד
| style="text-align:right;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 4.
| style="text-align:center;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:3px 3px 0 3px;" | D.&nbsp;
| style="border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Daleth.
| style="padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Door.
|-
| style="text-align:right;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 5.
| style="text-align:left;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | ''h'' (rough breathing).
| style="text-align:left;font-size:x-large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" colspan=3 | ה
| style="text-align:right;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 5.
| style="text-align:center;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:3px 3px 0 3px;" | H.&nbsp;
| style="border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | He.
| style="padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Window.
|-
| style="text-align:right;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 6.
| style="text-align:left;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | ''v, u, o''.
| style="text-align:left;font-size:x-large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" colspan=3 | ו
| style="text-align:right;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 6.
| style="text-align:center;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:3px 3px 0 3px;" | V.&nbsp;
| style="border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Vau.
| style="padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Peg, nail.
|-
| style="text-align:right;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 7.
| style="text-align:left;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | ''z, dz''.
| style="text-align:left;font-size:x-large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" colspan=3 | ז
| style="text-align:right;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 7.
| style="text-align:center;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:3px 3px 0 3px;" | Z.&nbsp;
| style="border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Zayin.
| style="padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Weapon, sword.
|-
| style="text-align:right;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 8.
| style="text-align:left;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | ''ch'' (guttural).
| style="text-align:left;font-size:x-large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" colspan=3 | ח
| style="text-align:right;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 8.
| style="text-align:center;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:3px 3px 0 3px;" | C<span style="font-size:small;">H</span>.
| style="border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Cheth.
| style="padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Enclosure, fence.
|-
| style="text-align:right;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 9.
| style="text-align:left;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | ''t'' (strong).
| style="text-align:left;font-size:x-large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" colspan=3 | ט
| style="text-align:right;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 9.
| style="text-align:center;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:3px 3px 0 3px;" | T.&nbsp;
| style="border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Teth.
| style="padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Serpent.
|-
| style="text-align:right;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 10.
| style="text-align:left;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | ''i, y'' (as in ''yes'').
| style="text-align:left;font-size:x-large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" colspan=3 | י
| style="text-align:right;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 10.
| style="text-align:center;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:3px 3px 0 3px;" | I.&nbsp;
| style="border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Yod.
| style="padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Hand.
|-
| style="text-align:right;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 11.
| style="text-align:left;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | ''k, kh''.
| style="text-align:left;font-size:x-large;font-weight:bold;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | כ
| style="font-weight:normal;font-size:medium;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Final&nbsp;=
| style="text-align:left;font-size:x-large;font-weight:bold;padding:0 3px 0 3px;border-right:1px solid black;" | ך
| style="text-align:right;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 20.
| style="border-right:1px solid black;text-align:left;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | <span style="font-weight:normal;font-size:medium;">Final = </span>500
| style="text-align:center;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:3px 3px 0 3px;" | K.&nbsp;
| style="border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Caph.
| style="padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Palm of the hand.
|-
| style="text-align:right;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 12.
| style="text-align:left;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | ''l''.
| style="text-align:left;font-size:x-large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" colspan=3 | ל
| style="text-align:right;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 30.
| style="border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | &nbsp;
| style="text-align:center;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:3px 3px 0 3px;" | L.&nbsp;
| style="border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Lamed.
| style="padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Ox-goad.
|-
| style="text-align:right;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 13.
| style="text-align:left;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | ''m''.
| style="text-align:left;font-size:x-large;font-weight:bold;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | מ
| style="font-weight:normal;font-size:medium;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Final&nbsp;=
| style="text-align:left;font-size:x-large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | ם
| style="text-align:right;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 40.
| style="border-right:1px solid black;text-align:left;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | <span style="font-weight:normal;font-size:medium;">Final = </span>600
| style="text-align:center;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:3px 3px 0 3px;" | M.&nbsp;
| style="border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Mem.
| style="padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Water.
|-
| style="text-align:right;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 14.
| style="text-align:left;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | ''n''.
| style="text-align:left;font-size:x-large;font-weight:bold;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | נ
| style="font-weight:normal;font-size:medium;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Final&nbsp;=
| style="text-align:left;font-size:x-large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | ן
| style="text-align:right;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 50.
| style="border-right:1px solid black;text-align:left;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | <span style="font-weight:normal;font-size:medium;">Final = </span>700
| style="text-align:center;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:3px 3px 0 3px;" | N.&nbsp;
| style="border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Nun.
| style="padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Fish.
|-
| style="text-align:right;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 15.
| style="text-align:left;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | ''s''.
| style="text-align:left;font-size:x-large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" colspan=3 | ס
| style="text-align:right;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 60.
| style="border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | &nbsp;
| style="text-align:center;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:3px 3px 0 3px;" | S.&nbsp;
| style="border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Samekh.
| style="padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Prop, support.
|-
| style="text-align:right;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 16.
| style="text-align:left;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | ''O, aa, ng'' (gutt.).
| style="text-align:left;font-size:x-large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" colspan=3 | ע
| style="text-align:right;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 70.
| style="border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | &nbsp;
| style="text-align:center;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:3px 3px 0 3px;" | O.&nbsp;
| style="border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Ayin.
| style="padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Eye.
|-
| style="text-align:right;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 17.
| style="text-align:left;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | ''p, ph''.
| style="text-align:left;font-size:x-large;font-weight:bold;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | פ
| style="font-weight:normal;font-size:medium;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Final&nbsp;=
| style="text-align:left;font-size:x-large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | ף
| style="text-align:right;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 80.
| style="border-right:1px solid black;text-align:left;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | <span style="font-weight:normal;font-size:medium;">Final = </span>800
| style="text-align:center;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:3px 3px 0 3px;" | P.&nbsp;
| style="border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Pe.
| style="padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Mouth.
|-
| style="text-align:right;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 18.
| style="text-align:left;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | ''ts, tz, j''.
| style="text-align:left;font-size:x-large;font-weight:bold;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | צ
| style="font-weight:normal;font-size:medium;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Final&nbsp;=
| style="text-align:left;font-size:x-large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | ץ
| style="text-align:right;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 90.
| style="border-right:1px solid black;text-align:left;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | <span style="font-weight:normal;font-size:medium;">Final = </span>900
| style="text-align:center;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:3px 3px 0 3px;" | T<span style="font-size:small;">Z.</span>
| style="border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Tzaddi.
| style="padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Fishing-hook.
|-
| style="text-align:right;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 19.
| style="text-align:left;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | ''q, qh'' (guttur.).
| style="text-align:left;font-size:x-large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" colspan=3 | ק
| style="text-align:right;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 100.
| style="padding:0 3px 0 1px;text-align:left;border-right:1px solid black;vertical-align:top;font-size:small;" rowspan=4 | (The&nbsp;finals&nbsp;are&nbsp;not<br />&nbsp;always&nbsp;considered<br />&nbsp;as&nbsp;bearing&nbsp;an&nbsp;in-<br />&nbsp;creased&nbsp;numeri-<br />&nbsp;cal&nbsp;value.)
| style="text-align:center;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:3px 3px 0 3px;" | Q.&nbsp;
| style="border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Qoph.
| style="padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Back of the head.
|-
| style="text-align:right;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 20.
| style="text-align:left;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | ''r''.
| style="text-align:left;font-size:x-large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" colspan=3 | ר
| style="text-align:right;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 200.
| style="text-align:center;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:3px 3px 0 3px;" | R.&nbsp;
| style="border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Resh.
| style="padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Head.
|-
| style="text-align:right;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 21.
| style="text-align:left;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | ''sh, s''.
| style="text-align:left;font-size:x-large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" colspan=3 | ש
| style="text-align:right;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 300.
| style="text-align:center;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:3px 3px 0 3px;" | S<span style="font-size:small;">H</span>.
| style="border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Shin.
| style="padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Tooth.
|-
| style="text-align:right;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 22.
| style="text-align:left;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | ''th, t''.
| style="text-align:left;font-size:x-large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" colspan=3 | ת
| style="text-align:right;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | 400.
| style="text-align:center;font-size:large;font-weight:bold;border-right:1px solid black;padding:3px 3px 0 3px;" | T<span style="font-size:small;">H</span>.
| style="border-right:1px solid black;padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Tau.
| style="padding:0 3px 0 3px;" | Sign of the cross.
|}

As a former member of the Golden Dawn, [[Aleister Crowley]] used the transliterated cipher extensively in his writings<ref>See, for example, {{cite book |last=Crowley |first=Aleister |date=1977 |title=777 and other Qabalistic writings of Aleister Crowley |chapter=Sepher Sephiroth |location=Maine |publisher=Samuel Weiser, INC. |page=Preface |isbn=0-87728-670-1}}</ref> for his two magical orders the [[A∴A∴]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Churton |first=Tobias |date=2011 |title=Aleister Crowley: The Biography, Spiritual Revolutionary Romantic Explorer Occult Master - and spy |location=London |publisher=Watkins Publishing |pages=47, 217 |isbn=978-1-78028-012-7}}</ref> and [[Ordo Templi Orientis]] (O.T.O).<ref>{{cite book |last=DuQuette |first=Lon Milo |date=2001 |title=The Chicken Qabalah of Rabbi Lamed Ben Clifford |location=York, Maine |publisher=Weiser Books |page=404 |isbn=978-1-57863-215-2}}</ref> Many other occult authors belonging to various esoteric groups have either mentioned the cipher or published it in their books, including [[Paul Foster Case]] of the [[Builders of the Adytum]] (B.O.T.A).<ref>{{cite book |last=Fortune |first=Dion |date=1935 |title=The Mystical Qabalah |location=London |publisher=Williams and Norgate Ltd. |page=Forward}}</ref>