Editing Gamelan (section)

==Instruments==
[[File:Sinden Solo.jpg|thumb|upright|A [[sindhen]] is singing a Javanese song accompanied by Gamelan ensemble]]
A gamelan is a multi-timbre ensemble consisting of [[metallophones]], [[xylophones]], [[flutes]], [[gongs]], [[voice]]s, as well as bowed and plucked [[String instrument|strings]]. The hand-played drum called ''kendang'' controls the tempo and rhythm of pieces as well as transitions from one section to another, while one instrument gives melodic cues to indicate treatment or sections of a piece.

===Typical Javanese gamelan instruments===
In the courts of Java, Javanese gamelan is grouped into 2 groups of gamelan, namely gamelan Pakurmatan and gamelan Ageng. Gamelan pakurmatan is the gamelan used for special Javanese court events and all of them are sacred gamelan. The gamelan pakurmatan consists of the gamelan kodhok ngorek, the gamelan monggang, the gamelan sekati, and the gamelan carabalen. As for the gamelan ageng is considered the most complete in the Javanese court. The Gamelan Ageng instruments are usually owned by the general public (artists, schools, studios, and other communities) in Java and outside Java. This gamelan is used to accompany arts or rituals either in the palace or in the general public, the gamelan can use a complete gamelan or less.{{fact|date=September 2024}}

A set of complete Javanese Gamelan Ageng Ensemble maintained by the Javanese court consists of:
{{div col|colwidth=23em}}
# 2 Sets [[Bonang]] Penembung
# 2 Sets [[Bonang]] Barung (Bonang) 
# 2 Sets [[Bonang]] Penerus 
# 2 Sets [[Kenong]]
# 2 Pieces [[Kethuk]] 
# 2 Pieces [[Kempyang]]
# 2 Sets [[Slenthem]] 
# 3 Sets [[Gendèr]] Barung (Gendèr)
# 3 Sets [[Gendèr]] Penerus
# 2 Sets [[Saron (instrument)|Saron]] [[Demung]] (Demung)
# 4 Sets [[Saron (instrument)|Saron]] Barung (Saron/Saron Ricik)
# 2 Sets [[Saron (instrument)|Saron]] Peking (Peking/Saron Penerus)
# 2 Pieces [[Gong ageng|Gong Ageng]] (Gong Besar)
# 2 Pieces [[Gong]] Suwukan (Gong Siyem)
# 2 Sets [[Kempul]]
# 1 Piece [[Kendang]] Ageng (Kendhang Gending)
# 1 Piece [[Kendang]] Ciblon (Batangan) 
# 1 Piece [[Kendang]] Sabet (Kendhang Wayangan)
# 1 Piece [[Kendang]] Ketipung (Ketipung)
# 1 Piece [[Bedug]]
# 2 Pieces [[Rebab]] 
# 2 Sets [[Gambang (instrument)|Gambang]] 
# 2 Pieces [[Siter]] 
# 2 Pieces [[Celempung]] 
# 2 Pieces [[Suling]] (Seruling) 
# 1 Piece [[Kecer]]
# 3 Pieces [[Kepyak]]
# [[Sindhen]] – Female singer in a gamelan
# [[Gerong]] – Male singer in a gamelan
# Nayaga (Wiyaga) – Gamelan musicians 
{{div col end}}

<gallery widths="230px" heights="200px" perrow="5" caption="Typical Javanese Gamelan Instruments">

Gamelan Jawa Indonesia Gong Kempul.jpg|[[Kempul]]
COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Gong (gamelan instrument) Kempul TMnr 4423-2.jpg|[[Gong ageng|Gong Ageng]]
Gamelan Jawa - Set Kenong.jpg|[[Kenong]]
Gamelan Jawa - Set Bonang01.jpg|[[Bonang]]
Gamelan Jawa Saron Demung Anyar.jpg|[[Demung]]
COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Metallofoon met zes toetsen onderdeel van gamelan Slendro TMnr 500-11.jpg|[[Saron (instrument)|Saron]]
Gamelan Jawa - Saron Peking.jpg|[[Saron (instrument)|Peking]]
COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Metallofoon met veertien toetsen onderdeel van gamelan Slendro TMnr 500-4.jpg|[[Gendèr]]
COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Metallofoon bestaande uit zeven toetsen en een onderstel onderdeel van gamelan Slendro TMnr 500-1.jpg|[[Slenthem]]
COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Dubbelvellige tonvormige trom onderdeel van gamelan Slendro TMnr 500-7.jpg|[[Kendang]]
COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Trom hangend aan een standaard onderdeel van gamelan Slendro TMnr 500-27.jpg|[[Bedug]]
COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Xylofoon met twintig toetsen onderdeel van gamelan Slendro TMnr 500-9.jpg|[[Gambang (instrument)|Gambang]]
COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Gong hangend in frame onderdeel van gamelan Slendro TMnr 500-21.jpg|[[Kethuk]]/[[Kempyang]]
COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Citer met 26 snaren onderdeel van gamelan Slendro TMnr 500-10.jpg|[[Celempung]]
COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Citer TMnr 6216-1.jpg|[[Siter]]
COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Klankkast van langhalsluit TMnr 5057-2a.jpg|[[Rebab]]
COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Bandfluit van bamboe met vier vingergaten TMnr H-1783.jpg|[[Suling]] or Seruling
COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Bekken van messing TMnr 2711-1a.jpg|[[Kemanak]]
Kecer.jpg|[[Kecer]]
COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Slaginstrument van metaal TMnr 2267-213c.jpg|[[Keprak]]
</gallery>

===Typical Balinese gamelan instruments===
In [[Bali]], the Gamelan instruments are all kept together in a ''balé'', a large open space with a roof over the top of it and several open sides. Gambelan (the [[Balinese language|Balinese]] term) are owned by a ''[[banjar (Bali)|banjar]]'', nobility or temples and kept in their respective compounds. In case of ''banjar'' ownership the instruments are all kept there together because people believe that all the instruments belong to the community as a whole and that no one person has ownership over an instrument. Not only is this where the instruments are stored, but this is also the practice space for the ''sekaha'' (Gamelan orchestra group). The open walls allow for the music to flow out into the community where the rest of the people may enjoy it. Balinese gamelan cannot be heard inside closed rooms, because it easily crosses the [[Threshold of pain#In hearing|threshold of pain]]. This does not apply to small ensembles like a gamelan ''[[gendér]]''.

The ''sekaha'' is led by a single instructor whose job it is in the community to lead this group and to come up with new pieces. When they are working on a new piece, the instructor will lead the group in practice and help the group form the new music as they are practicing. When the instructor creates a new song, he leaves enough open for interpretation that the group can improvise, so the group will write the music as they practice it. There are many styles in Balinese gamelan. ''[[Kebyar]]'' is one of the most recent ones. Some Balinese gamelan groups constantly change their music by taking older pieces they know and mixing them together, as well as trying new variations of the music. Their music constantly changes because they believe that music should grow and change; the only exception to this is with their most sacred songs which they do not change. A single new piece of music can take several months before it is completed. Men and women usually perform in separate groups.

A set of complete Balinese gamelan ensemble consists of:
{{div col|colwidth=23em}}
# 1 set (12 pieces) [[Reyong]] 
# 1 set (10 pieces) [[Gamelan gong kebyar#Trompong|Trompong]]
# 1 piece [[Gong]] Wadon
# 1 piece [[Gong]] Lanang
# 1 piece [[Gong]] Kempur
# 1 piece [[Gong]] Klentong
# 1 piece [[Gong]] Bende
# 1 Set [[Kenong]] (Kajar)
# 1 piece [[Kethuk]] (Kempli)
# 2 sets [[Jiyèng]] (Ugal)
# 4 sets [[Gangsa]] (Pemande)
# 4 sets [[Kanthilan]]
# 2 sets [[Jublag]]
# 2 sets [[Jegogan]]
# 2 sets [[Penyacah]] Kenyur
# 2 sets [[Gendèr]] Rambat
# 1 set [[Cèng-cèng]] Ricik
# 8 sets [[Cèng-cèng]] Kepyak
# 2 pieces [[Kendang]] Semaradana (Cedugan)
# 2 pieces [[Kendang]] Batel (Krumpung)
# 1 set Gentorak
# 3 pieces [[Suling]]
# Nayaga (Wiyaga) – Gamelan musicians 
{{div col end}}

<gallery widths="230px" heights="200px" perrow="5" caption="Typical Balinese gamelan instruments">

Balinese Gamelan of Indonesia - Gong Lanang.jpg|[[Gong]] Lanang
Balinese Gamelan of Indonesia - Gong Wadon.jpg|[[Gong]] Wadon
COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Gong hangend in een standaard onderdeel van gamelan Semar Pagulingan TMnr 1340-13.jpg|[[Gong]] Klentong
Balinese Gamelan - Trompong.jpg|Trompong
Balinese Gamelan of Indonesia - Reyong.jpg|Reyong
Baline Gamelan of Indonesia - Ugal.jpg|Ugal
Balinese Gamelan of Indonesia - Kantilan.jpg|Kantilan
Balinese Gamelan of Indonesia - Gangse or Pemade.jpg|Pemade
Balinese Gamelan of Indonesia - Penyacah or Kenyur.jpg|Kenyur
Balinese Gamelan of Indonesia - Jegogan.jpg|Jegogan
Balinese Gamelan of Indonesia - Jublag.jpg|Jublag
COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Gong van messing met bijbehorend houten standaard en slagstok TMnr 1772-591a.jpg|Klenang
Gamelan of Bali 200507-3.jpg|[[Kendang]] Semaradana
Balines Gamelan of Indonesia - Ceng ceng Kepyak.jpg|Ceng-ceng Kepyak
Balinese Gamelan of Indonesia - Ceng ceng Ricik.jpg|Ceng-ceng Ricik
Balinese Gamelan of Indonesia - Gentora.jpg|Gentora
Suling.jpg|[[Suling]] gambuh
Gamelan gender wayang, Puri Lumbung Jan 2012 Made Terip and Ketut Mostal.JPG|Gender wayang
Bali, gamelan player 2.jpg|Rindhik
COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Metallofoon met vijftien toetsen onderdeel van gamelan Semar Pagulingan TMnr 1340-31.jpg|Curing
</gallery>