Editing Funicular (section)

====Cable drive====
[[File:FunicularDriveTrain.jpg|thumb|left|Funicular drive train]]
[[File:Muzeum MHD, dvoukolí vozu petřínské lanovky 1891.jpg|thumb|[[Petřín funicular]] [[Wheelset (rail transport)|wheelset]] with [[Rack railway#Abt (1882)|Abt]] rack and pinion brake]] 

In most modern funiculars, neither of the two carriages is equipped with an engine of its own. Instead, the propulsion is provided by an [[electric motor]] in the engine room (typically at the upper end of the track); the motor is linked via a speed-reducing gearbox to a large pulley – a ''drive [[bullwheel]]'' – which then controls the movement of the haul rope using friction. Some early funiculars were powered in the same way, but using [[steam engine]]s or other types of motor. The bullwheel has two grooves: after the first half turn around it the cable returns via an auxiliary pulley. This arrangement has the advantage of having twice the contact area between the cable and the groove, and returning the downward-moving cable in the same plane as the upward-moving one.  Modern installations also use high friction liners to enhance the friction between the bullwheel grooves and the cable.<ref name="Hofmann" /><ref name=Stoos /><ref name=Neumann >{{Cite journal |last=Neumann |first=Edward S.  |title=Cable-Propelled People Movers in Urban Environments |url=http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1992/1349/1349-017.pdf |journal=Transportation Research Record |volume=1349 |pages=125–132}}</ref>

For emergency and service purposes two sets of brakes are used at the engine room: the emergency brake directly grips the bullwheel, and the service brake is mounted at the high speed shaft of the gear. In case of an emergency the cars are also equipped with spring-applied, hydraulically opened rail brakes.<ref name=Neumann />

The first funicular caliper brakes which clamp each side of the crown of the rail were invented by the Swiss entrepreneurs [[Franz Josef Bucher]] and Josef Durrer and implemented at the {{ill|Stanserhorn funicular|de|Stanserhorn-Bahn}}, opened in 1893.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Berger |first1=Christoph |title=Das kleine Buch vom Stanserhorn |date=2005 |publisher=Christoph Berger, Stans |location=Erstausgabe |isbn=3-907164-12-1}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Cuonz |first1=Romano |title=Franz Josef Bucher und Josef Durrer – Hotelkönig / Bergbahnpionier |date=2015 |publisher=Brunner Medien AG |isbn=978-3-03727-063-9}}</ref> The Abt [[Rack and pinion railway#Abt (1882)|rack and pinion system]] was also used on some funiculars for speed control or emergency braking.<ref name=Giessbach /><ref name="Hofmann">{{Cite journal |last=Hofmann |first=Gottfried |date=2007-01-03 |title=Advanced funicular technology |url=https://repository.mines.edu/handle/11124/70549 |journal=International Organization for the Study of Transportation |location=San Francisco, Calif. |publisher=International Organization for the Study of Transportation by Rope; Internationaler Seilbahnkongress}}</ref>
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