Editing Francesc Macià (section)

===Independentist leader===
In 1919 he founded the [[Nationalist Democratic Federation]] (''Federació Democràtica Nacionalista''), which proposed a federal or confederal solution for Spain, in which Catalonia would enjoy a high degree of self-government. In 1922, Macià founded the independentist party [[Estat Català]].<ref name="ara13">{{cite journal |last=Esculies |first=Joan |title=Macià, el paradigma dels conversors a l'independentisme |journal=Ara |date=December 2013  |pages=12 |language=ca}}</ref>

In September 1923, right after the [[1923 Spanish coup d'état|coup d'etat]] of [[Miguel Primo de Rivera]], Macià took refuge in [[Perpignan]]. In 1926 he attempted an insurrection against the Spanish dictatorship of Primo de Rivera. This uprising, known as the [[plot of Prats de Molló]], had the aim to achieve the independence of Catalonia, was based in [[Prats-de-Mollo-la-Preste|Prats de Molló]] ([[Roussillon]], southern France).<ref name="Finestres">"Qui va trair Macià?" by [[Jordi Finestres]] and [[Giovanni Cattini]], ''[[Sàpiens]]'' volume 84 (October 2009)</ref> Between 50 and 100 Italian mercenaries, mostly from the [[Garibaldi Legion (French Foreign Legion)|Garibaldi Legion]] that fought in the [[French Foreign Legion]] during World War I and exiled to France, were hired by Macià to help on the action. This attempt was aborted by the [[French Gendarmerie]], which was able to abort the complot with the help of Ricciotti Garibaldi jr., a spy of [[Fascist Italy (1922–1943)|Fascist Italy]] and grandson of [[Giuseppe Garibaldi]]. Macià was arrested and convicted to two months in jail and a fine of 100 francs. Despite the failure, Macià and his cause became very popular in Catalonia. He left France for Brussels in March 1927, where his notoriety increased while we remained in Belgium. He founded there, with other exiles, the [[Casal Català de Brussel·les]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Feliu |first=Mercè |date=6 December 2020 |title=90 anys del Casal Català de Brussel·les, Jordi Bohigas n'ha recollit la història |url=https://unilateral.cat/2020/12/06/90-anys-del-casal-catala-de-brusselles-en-jordi-bohigas-nha-recollit-la-historia/ |access-date=2022-10-08 |website=L'Unilateral |language=ca}}</ref> In April 1930 he returned to Spain after being pardoned; he was briefly exiled again but returned once more in February 1931.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://nyti.ms/1C1pfS1 |title=Bowers Sends Condolences |date=26 December 1933 |access-date=4 April 2015 |newspaper=The New York Times |page=15}}</ref>