Editing Flight surgeon (section)

===World War II===
The role of flight surgeons continued to mature and expand as the U.S. faced World War II.  The 1941 movie ''[[Dive Bomber (film)|Dive Bomber]]'', although focused on [[Naval Aviation]], highlighted the role of the flight surgeon just prior to the [[attack on Pearl Harbor]], and demonstrated how solving the problems of hypoxia at altitude would reduce the aircraft mishap rate.

During [[World War II]], the head of the [[U.S. Army Air Forces]], [[General of the Army (United States)|General of the Army]] (later [[General of the Air Force]]) [[Henry H. Arnold|Henry 'Hap' Arnold]], directed all flight surgeons in the Army Air Forces to fly regularly with their patients in order to better understand the aviation environment. Consequently, to this day, their successor [[U.S. Air Force]] Flight Surgeons are considered [[U.S. Air Force Aeronautical Ratings|"aeronautically rated" aircrew]] members who receive flight pay and who are required to fly a certain number of hours monthly.{{citation needed|date=October 2011}}  The same policy applies to Army Flight Surgeons and to Naval Flight Surgeons, the latter who are considered "aeronautically designated" officers like their [[Naval Aviator]] and [[Naval Flight Officer]] counterparts.

Strict [[Racial segregation in the United States|racial segregation]] in the U.S. Army required the development of separate black flight surgeons to support the operations and training of the [[Tuskegee Airmen]] in 1941 and continued in the [[U.S. Army Air Forces]] throughout World War II.<ref name=Tuskegee>{{Cite journal |author1=Jones, DR |author2=Gross, LP |author3=Marchbanks-Robinson, R |title=United States Army Aeromedical Support to Black Pilots, 1941 - 1949: The Tuskegee Flight Surgeons |publisher=US Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine |year=2007 |volume=SAM-FE-BR-TR-2007-0001 |url=http://archive.rubicon-foundation.org/7973 |access-date=2009-03-03 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091130014406/http://archive.rubicon-foundation.org/7973 |archive-date=2009-11-30 }}</ref>  Following the establishment of an independent U.S. Air Force and the racial integration of all the U.S. armed forces following World War II, this separation was discontinued.