Editing Fishing reel (section)

===Development in England===
[[File:The Art of Angling 1651.jpg|thumb|''The Art of Angling'', first published in 1651, is the first English language book to cite the use of fishing reels.]]
[[File:Nottingham reel.jpg|thumb|'Nottingham' and 'Scarborough' reel designs.]]
The first English book on fishing is "A Treatise of Fishing with an Angle" in 1496 (its spelling respective to the manner of the date is ''The Treatyse of Fysshynge with an Angle''<ref>{{cite book|title=the Treatyse of Fyssgynge with an Angle |url=http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/57943}}</ref>'). However, the book did not mention a reel. A primitive reel was first cited in the book ''The Art of Angling'' by [[Thomas Barker (fishing guide)|Thomas Barker]] (''[[floruit|fl]]''.1591–1651), first published in 1651.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The World Book Encyclopedia Volume 7|publisher=Field Enterprises Educational Corp.|year=1968}}</ref> Fishing reels first appeared in England around the 1650s, a time of growing interest in [[fly fishing]].

The fishing industry became commercialized in the 18th century, with rods and tackle being sold at the [[haberdashers]] store. After the [[Great Fire of London]] in 1666, artisans moved to [[Redditch]], a center of fishing-related products from the 1730s. [[Onesimus Ustonson]] established his trading shop in 1761, and his establishment remained a market leader for the next century. He received a [[Royal Warrant of Appointment (United Kingdom)|Royal Warrant]] from three successive monarchs, starting with King [[George IV]].

Some have credited Onesimus with the invention of the fishing reel – he was undoubtedly the first to advertise its sale. Early multiplying reels were wide and had a small diameter, and their gears, made of [[brass]], often wore down after extensive use. His earliest advertisement in the form of a trading card dates from 1768 and was entitled ''To all lovers of angling''. A full list of the tackles he sold included artificial flies and 'the best sort of multiplying brass winches both stop and plain.' The commercialization of the industry came at a time of expanded interest in fishing as a recreational hobby for members of the [[aristocracy]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.calmproductions.com/acatalog/GT_Fishing%20Tackle_Chp3.pdf|title=Fishing Tackle Chapter 3|access-date=2014-07-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130918103205/http://www.calmproductions.com/acatalog/GT_Fishing%20Tackle_Chp3.pdf|archive-date=2013-09-18|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Modern reel design began in England during the latter part of the 18th century, and the predominant model in use was known as the '[[Nottingham]] reel'. The reel was a wide drum that spooled out freely, and was ideal for allowing the bait to drift along way out with the current.

Tackle design began to improve from the 1880s. The introduction of new woods to the manufacture of fly rods made it possible to cast flies into the wind on silk lines, instead of [[horse hair]]. These lines allowed for a much greater casting distance. A negative consequence of this, was that it became easy for the much longer line to get into a tangle. This problem spurred the invention of the regulator to evenly spool the line out and prevent tangling.<ref name="Brit">{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/208708/fishing/2330/Early-history#ref70275|title=fishing|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica}}</ref>

[[Albert Illingworth, 1st Baron Illingworth]] a textiles magnate, patented the modern form of fixed-spool spinning reel in 1905. When casting Illingworth's reel design, the line was drawn off the leading edge of the spool, but was restrained and rewound by a line pickup, a device which orbits around the stationary spool. Because the line did not have to pull against a rotating spool, much lighter lures could be cast than with conventional reels.<ref name="Brit"/>