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==Irish Volunteers== [[File:Fianna Éireann memorial at St. Stephen's Green Park, Dublin, Ireland..JPG|thumb|Fianna memorial at [[St Stephen's Green]], Dublin, Ireland]] The Fianna played an active part during the 1913 [[Dublin Lock-out]]. A Fianna member, Patsy O'Connor, died after being battened on the head by a Dublin Metropolitan Police man while giving first aid to an injured man.<ref name=Connell/> As the Fianna was organised four years earlier than the [[Irish Volunteers]], and as many of its members were now young adults, fully trained in many aspects of military discipline, many young members transferred to the Volunteers on the army's foundation in November 1913. The committee which set up the Irish Volunteers had three Fianna members on it.<ref name=Hobson/> Con Colbert, Michael Lonergan, [[Eamon Martin (Irish Republican)|Éamon Martin]] and Padraig Ó'Riain were prominent in training Irish Volunteers. Seamus Pounch was instrumental in the training of the [[Cumann na mBan]] women's auxiliary in 1914.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hay |first=Marnie |date=May 2008 |title=The foundation and development of Na Fianna Éireann, 1909–16 |url=https://doras.dcu.ie/23250/1/Hay_Foundation%20and%20development%20of%20Na%20Fianna%20Eireann%201909_16%20MS.pdf |journal=Irish Historical Studies |volume=36 |issue=141 |pages=53–71 |doi=10.1017/S0021121400007483 |s2cid=161198289 |via=Dublin City University}}</ref> ===1914 gun running=== [[File:Fianna Éireann Council, 1915? (20866908436).jpg|thumb|Fianna Éireann Council, between 1912 and 1915. Front row (left to right) Patrick Holohan, Michael Lonergan and [[Con Colbert]]. Back row (left to right) Garry Holohan and Padraig Ó Riain]] The Fianna played a part in gun-running in [[Kilcoole]] and [[Howth gun-running|Howth]].<ref name="howth">{{cite web|url=http://www.theirishstory.com/2014/07/26/today-in-irish-history-july-26th-1914-the-howth-gun-running|publisher=The Irish Story|title=Today in Irish History – 26 July 1914: The Howth Gun Running|access-date=6 December 2015|date=26 July 2014|archive-date=23 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151123184443/http://www.theirishstory.com/2014/07/26/today-in-irish-history-july-26th-1914-the-howth-gun-running/|url-status=live}}</ref> Fianna members brought their trek-cart to Howth Pier to meet the [[Asgard (yacht)|Asgard]]. The trek-cart was full of home-made batons, and these were distributed to the Volunteers on the pier.<ref name="rtehowth">{{cite web|url=http://www.rte.ie/news/2014/0725/633075-the-extraordinary-story-of-the-asgard|publisher=RTÉ News|date=27 July 2014|access-date=6 December 2015|title=The extraordinary story of the Asgard and the Howth Gunrunning, 100 years on|archive-date=16 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160216180526/http://www.rte.ie/news/2014/0725/633075-the-extraordinary-story-of-the-asgard/|url-status=live}}</ref> The cart was then used to carry the surplus rifles back to the city. At [[Clontarf, Dublin|Clontarf]], the DMP and British military were awaiting the return of the volunteers and a confrontation ensued.<ref name="rtehowth"/> Fianna officers detoured with their gun-laden cart up the Howth Road, arriving eventually at Kilmore Road, [[Artane, Dublin|Artane]], where the arms were stored for later recovery. [[John Redmond]] forced his nominees to be added the Volunteers' central committee in 1914, [[National Volunteers|leading to a split]] at the outbreak of [[World War I]]. Bulmer Hobson's help to Redmond, and his subsequent opposition to the Easter Rising (he was kept under armed guard by [[Seán Mac Diarmada]] on Easter Monday 1916 as the Rising broke out, and held until the rising was under way, upon which he fled home to Belfast) led to Hobson's being sidelined by the republican movement and removed from any leadership role for the rest of his life.{{citation needed|date= December 2015}} ===Easter Rising (1916)=== [[File:Fian Seán Healy.jpg|thumb|right|''Fian'' Seán Healy, the youngest casualty in the [[Easter Rising]] on the Republican side at 15 years old]] Among the first shots fired during the Rising were by Fianna members who attacked and captured the [[Magazine Fort]] in the [[Phoenix Park]]. A son of the Magazine Fort's commander was shot dead by an IRA volunteer, Garry Holohan, as he [the son] ran to raise the alarm at Islandbridge.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rte.ie/radio1/the-history-show/programmes/2013/0324/376691-the-history-show-sunday-24-march-2013/?clipid=1030757#1030749|website=RTÉ|date=24 March 2013|access-date=6 December 2015|title=How a 1916 Myth Lives On|archive-date=16 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160216184453/http://www.rte.ie/radio1/the-history-show/programmes/2013/0324/376691-the-history-show-sunday-24-march-2013/?clipid=1030757#1030749|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.historyireland.com/20th-century-contemporary-history/children-of-the-revolution|publisher= History Ireland|title= Children of the Revolution|date= 7 May 2013|access-date= 6 December 2015|archive-date= 8 December 2015|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20151208080623/http://www.historyireland.com/20th-century-contemporary-history/children-of-the-revolution/|url-status= live}}</ref> The Fianna fought in all the garrisons involved in the 1916 [[Easter Rising]]. Though they were by then members of the Irish Volunteers, [[Seán Heuston]] and [[Con Colbert]] were still regarded as Fianna members. Heuston was commander of the [[Mendicity Institution]] garrison, while Colbert was under the command of [[Éamonn Ceannt]] at Watkins Brewery. Heuston and Colbert were executed for their part in the Rising. Markievicz and Molony fought as members of the [[Irish Citizen Army]] (the Irish Volunteers were an exclusively male force); Markievicz, operating under [[Michael Mallin]] at the College of Surgeons, was sentenced to death but eventually reprieved, but kept in prison longer than any other person involved in the Rising, often in solitary confinement. In [[Galway]], [[Liam Mellows]] was in command of activities, but escaped capture and got to the United States, where he raised help for the War of Independence. (Mellows later returned to Ireland and was executed by order of the Irish Free State Government while imprisoned during the [[Irish Civil War]].) After the garrison abandoned the GPO and retreated to [[Moore Street]], [[James Connolly]] gave command of the GPO to Seán McLoughlin, a Fianna officer. His orders were to oversee the safe retreat of the rest of the occupants.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.historyireland.com/sean-mcloughlin-the-boy-commandant-of-1916/|title=Seá¡n McLoughlin – the boy commandant of 1916|first=Nick|last=Maxwell|date=19 February 2013}}</ref> Several of the Fianna were killed during the Rising. Seán Healy was shot dead at [[Phibsboro]] while delivering dispatches. Seán Howard and Seán Ryan died in similar fashion. Volunteers under the command of Fianna officer Paddy Holahan captured and burned down the [[Linenhall Barracks]]. Eamon Martin, a future Chief of Staff, was seriously wounded at the Broadstone Railway Station. At least fifteen Fianna officers from the Dublin Brigade were later interned at [[Frongoch internment camp]], North Wales after the Rising was put down.{{citation needed|date=December 2015}} Seán Heuston and Con Colbert were executed for their role in the Rising.
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