Editing Eternalism (philosophy of time) (section)

=== Antiquity ===
Arguments for and against an independent flow of time have been raised since antiquity, represented by [[fatalism]], [[reductionism]], and [[Platonism]]: Classical fatalism argues that every [[proposition]] about the future exists, and it is either true or false, hence there is a set of every true proposition about the future, which means these propositions describe the future exactly as it is, and this future is true and unavoidable. Fatalism is challenged by positing that there are propositions that are neither true nor false, for example they may be indeterminate. Reductionism questions whether time can exist independently of the relation between events, and Platonism argues that time is absolute, and it exists independently of the events that occupy it.<ref name="SEP-time" />

Earlier, pre-Socratic Greek philosopher [[Parmenides]] of Elea had posited that existence is timeless and change is impossible (an idea popularized by his disciple [[Zeno of Elea]] and [[Zeno's paradoxes|his paradoxes about motion]]).