Editing Espresso (section)

===Precursors===
[[File:Angelo-moriondo-portrait-espresso-machine-inventor.jpg|thumb|[[Angelo Moriondo]], inventor of an important precursor of the espresso machine]]
[[File:Espresso-machine-first-patent-angelo-moriondo.jpg|thumb|First patent (vol. 33 n. 256, 1884) for the espresso machine, by Angelo Moriondo]]
[[Angelo Moriondo]], from [[Turin]], patented a [[Angelo Moriondo#First espresso machine|steam-driven "instantaneous" coffee beverage making device]] in 1884 (No. 33/256). The device is "almost certainly the first Italian bar machine that controlled the supply of steam and water separately through the coffee" and Moriondo is "certainly one of the earliest discoverers of the expresso {{sic}} machine, if not the earliest". He was granted patent no. 33/256 dated 16 May 1884 (according to the "Bollettino delle privative industriali del Regno d'Italia", 2nd Series, Volume 15, Year 1884, pp. 635 – 655).<ref>{{cite news|language=en|first=Ian|last=Bersten|url=https://coffeeandteaperceptionsandillusions.files.wordpress.com/2018/08/the-moriondo-patent-discovery-and-dr-sebastien-delprat-from-france-final-pdf.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190221165741/https://coffeeandteaperceptionsandillusions.files.wordpress.com/2018/08/the-moriondo-patent-discovery-and-dr-sebastien-delprat-from-france-final-pdf.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=2019-02-21|title=The first Espresso machine - Angelo Moriondo}}</ref>{{sfn|Bersten|1993|page=105}} Unlike true espresso machines, it brewed in bulk, not as individual servings.

[[File:Bezzera & caffè espresso.jpg|thumb|[[Luigi Bezzera]] and one of the first espresso machines at the World Expo 1906 in Milan, Italy]]
[[File:Bezzera Eagle 2 Coffee Maker.jpg|thumb|upright|Bezzera Eagle 2 Coffee Maker, presented at Central Cafe Budapest]]
Seventeen years later, in 1901, [[Luigi Bezzera]], from [[Milan]], devised and patented several improvements to the espresso machine, the first of which was applied for on 19 December 1901. Titled "Innovations in the machinery to prepare and immediately serve coffee beverage"; Patent No. 153/94, 61707, was granted on 5 June 1902. In 1903, the patent was bought by Desiderio Pavoni, who founded the La Pavoni company and began to produce the machine industrially, manufacturing one machine daily in a small workshop in Via Parini, Milan.<ref name="Stamp">{{cite web |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/the-long-history-of-the-espresso-machine-126012814/ |title=The Long History of the Espresso Machine |last=Stamp |first=Jimmy|date=19 June 2012 |publisher=Smithsonian |access-date=13 July 2015}}</ref>