Editing Esholt (section)

== Landmarks ==
[[File:EsholtOldHall.jpg|left|thumb|Esholt Old Hall, Church Lane]]

The manor house, Esholt Old Hall at Upper Esholt is [[medieval]] in origin, probably 16th century, and possibly once had a [[moat]]. It is well-preserved and has [[Grade II* listed building]] status.<ref name="BLB:EH">{{cite web |title=Esholt Hall with Terrace and Adjoining Conservatory |work=British Listed Buildings |access-date=12 September 2011 |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336412-esholt-hall-with-terrace-and-adjoining-c}}</ref>

Esholt has one public house, The Woolpack a listed building in Main Street.<ref name="PG:PiE">{{cite web |title=Pubs in Esholt |work=Pubs Galore |access-date=26 September 2013 |url=http://www.pubsgalore.co.uk/areas/esholt/west-yorkshire/}}</ref>

[[File:St Paul's Church, Esholt - geograph.org.uk - 36391.jpg|right|thumb|St. Paul's Church which is a listed building]]
The Church of Saint Paul was built at a cost of £800 in 1839 by William Rookes Crompton-Stansfield for use as a private family chapel.<ref name="GWE:SPCE">{{cite web |title=St Pauls Church, Esholt |work=Parish of Guiseley with Esholt |access-date=25 September 2013 |url=http://www.guiseleywithesholt.org.uk/index.php?PageID=stpauls}}</ref>
Historically part of the parish of [[Guiseley]],<ref name="GEN:APoG">{{cite web |url=http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/YKS/WRY/Guiseley/index.html |title=The Ancient Parish of Guiseley |work=[[GENUKI]] |access-date=29 October 2007}}</ref>
the Church of St Paul is a successor to the private chapel in the old manor house. It was consecrated in 1853 and the [[chancel]] added in 1895.<ref name="GWE:SPCE"/> Since 1983 it has been in the combined parish of Guiseley with Esholt.<ref name="GWE">{{cite web |url=http://www.guiseleywithesholt.org.uk/index.php?PageID=stpauls |work=guiseleywithesholt.org.uk |title=St Paul's Church |access-date=30 March 2013}}</ref>

There are many listed buildings on Esholt Lane,<ref>{{cite web |title=Gill Beck Farmhouse |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-337860-gill-beck-farmhouse-baildon-}}, {{cite web |title=Upper Mill Cottages |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336432-esholt-and-airronians-sports-club-upper-}}, and {{cite web |title=22 and 24 |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336433-22-and-24-esholt-lane- |work=Esholt Lane, British Listed Buildings |access-date=29 September 2013}}</ref>
Cunliffe Lane,<ref>{{cite web |title=1 |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336345-1-cunliffe-lane-}}, {{cite web |title=Bunkers Hill |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336347-bunkers-hill-}}, {{cite web |title=Cunliffe House |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336348-cunliffe-house-}} and {{cite web |title=Barn |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336349-barn-to-south-west-of-cunliffe-house-on- |work=Cunliffe Lane, British Listed Buildings |access-date=29 September 2013}}</ref>
Chapel Lane,<ref>{{cite web |title=1, 3 and 5 |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336240-1-3-and-5-chapel-lane-}}, {{cite web |title=Holme House |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336241-holme-house-}}, {{cite web |title=Upper Esholt Farm Mistal and Barn |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336346-upper-esholt-farm-with-integral-mistal-a |work=Chapel Lane, British Listed Buildings |access-date=29 September 2013}}</ref>
Church Lane,<ref>{{cite web |title=2-8 even |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336269-2-8-church-lane-see-details-for-further-}}, {{cite web |title=10 |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336270-10-church-lane-}}, {{cite web |title=14 and Smithy |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336272-number-14-and-adjoining-smithy-}}, {{cite web |title=Esholt Old Hall and Barn |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336274-numbers-3-to-11-esholt-old-hall-and-adjo}}, {{cite web |title=Vicarage |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336273-the-vicarage-}}, {{cite web |title=Sexton's Lodge |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336268-sexton-s-lodge-at-church-yard-entrance-}}, {{cite web |title=Church of St Paul |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336267-church-of-st-paul- |work=Church Lane, British Listed Buildings |access-date=29 September 2013}}</ref>
Main Street,<ref>{{cite web |title=3-11 |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336820-3-11-main-street-}}, {{cite web |title=6 and 8 |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336823-6-and-8-main-street-}}, {{cite web |title=10-18 |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336824-10-18-main-street-}}, {{cite web |title=13-21 |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336821-13-21-main-street-}}, {{cite web |title=22, 24 and 26 |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336826-22-24-and-26-main-street-}}, {{cite web |title=23 |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336822-23-main-street-see-details-for-further-a}}, {{cite web |title=28 |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336827-28-main-street-}}, {{cite web |title=Memorial Institute |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-505522-memorial-institute-}}, {{cite web |title=The Woolpack |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336825-the-commercial-inn-}}, {{cite web |title=Telephone Kiosk |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-426918-k6-telephone-kiosk-outside-number-21-the |work=Main Street, British Listed Buildings |access-date=29 September 2013}}</ref>
St Leonard's Farm,<ref>{{cite web |title=Farmhouse |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336275-st-leonard-s-farmhouse-}}, {{cite web |title=Barn |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336276-barn-to-st-leonard-s-farm-on-north-side-}}, and {{cite web |title=Mistal |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336277-l-plan-block-of-barn-mistal-on-west-and- |work=St Leonard's Farm, British Listed Buildings |access-date=29 September 2013}}</ref>
Upper Esholt,<ref>{{cite web |title=High View: High View House |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-337134-high-view-house-}}, {{cite web |title=2 |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-337135-high-view-}}, {{cite web |title=3, 4 |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-337136-high-view- |work=British Listed Buildings |access-date=29 September 2013}}</ref>
The Avenue,<ref>{{cite web |title=Boggart House |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336423-boggart-house-to-north-west-of-esholt-ha}}, {{cite web |title=Home Farm Farmhouse |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336425-home-farmhouse-at-esholt-hall-}}, {{cite web |title=Farm Building |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336424-building-immediately-to-north-of-present}}, {{cite web |title=Farm Cottage |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336426-home-farm-cottage-to-east-of-farmhouse-a}}, {{cite web |title=Barn |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336427-barn-to-rear-of-seventeenth-century-farm}}, {{cite web |title=Range, Outhouses, Cow Shed, Cart Shed |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336428-l-plan-north-range-of-barn-outhouses-cow}}, {{cite web |title=Stable, Tack Room, Hay Loft, Cow Shed |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336429-l-plan-block-of-stable-tack-room-hay-lof}}, {{cite web |title=and Barn |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336430-barn-by-road-next-to-entrance-gate-to-ya |work=The Avenue, British Listed Buildings |access-date=29 September 2013}}</ref>
and Esholt Hall.<ref>{{cite web |title=Esholt Hall, Terrace, Conservatory |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336412-esholt-hall-with-terrace-and-adjoining-c}}, {{cite web |title=Outbuilding |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336420-outbuilding-at-esholt-hall-on-the-north-}}, {{cite web |title=Park Cottages Stable Coach House Range |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336421-park-cottages-stable-coach-house-range-o}}, {{cite web |title=Laundry |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336419-the-laundry-at-esholt-hall-}}, {{cite web |title=Kitchen Garden Wall |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336416-walls-of-kitchen-garden-including-gatewa}}, {{cite web |title=Park Cottages Stable Coach House Range |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336421-park-cottages-stable-coach-house-range-o}}, {{cite web |title=Northern Gate Piers |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336413-north-entrance-gate-piers-to-esholt-hall}}, and {{cite web |title=Gate Piers in Park |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-336415-gate-piers-in-park-approximately-266-yar |work=British Listed Buildings |access-date=29 September 2013}}</ref>

=== Esholt Waste Water Treatment Works === <!-- In time this probably should be a separate article -->
Esholt Waste Water Treatment Works is located on a {{convert|300|acre|ha}} site on the former estate of Esholt Hall,<ref name="B:E">{{cite web |title=Renewable Energy Scheme: Esholt |work=JN Bentley Ltd |access-date=2 October 2011 |year=2011 |url=http://www.jnbentley.co.uk/343/esholt.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110911044201/http://www.jnbentley.co.uk/343/esholt.html |archive-date=11 September 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
and serves 750,000 people in Bradford and North Leeds.<ref name="MS:EWWTW"/>
It is [[Yorkshire Water]]'s second largest [[Sewage treatment|waste water treatment plant]], exceeded only by [[Knowsthorpe|Knostrop]] in Leeds.

==== History ====
As Bradford's population and the textile industry grew in the early 19th century most human waste and industrial effluent drained into [[Bradford Beck]], to the canal basin and on to the [[River Aire]] flowing past Esholt.<ref name="EASCFT1"/>

[[File:Ventilator shaft - geograph.org.uk - 266308.jpg|left|thumb|Frizinghall ventilation shaft]]

In 1862 a sewage system was begun in Bradford but Bradford Beck was still polluted. In 1869 William Stansfield of Esholt Hall obtained an injunction requiring Bradford Corporation to improve the sewage system so as not to pollute the beck.
Bradford Corporation built a treatment works at [[Frizinghall]] to treat sewage before the water was put in the river.<ref name="EASCFT2">{{cite web |last=Garnett |first=Breedge |title=Esholt: A suitable case for treatment! (2) |work=BBC Home |access-date=2 October 2011 |date=September 2002 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/bradford/sense_of_place/hidden_esholt_2.shtml}}</ref>

[[File:Esholt Sewage Works, press house. - geograph.org.uk - 757577.jpg|right|thumb|Press House, Esholt]]

When Frizinghall works could not cope with the waste the Esholt estate was acquired for more than £239,000 as the site for a new sewage works. A three-mile long tunnel between Frizinghall and Esholt to connect the sites was completed in the 1920s.
Frizinghall works closed in 1926.<ref name="EASCFT3"/>
The tunnel has ventilation shafts in [[Frizinghall]], [[Wrose]]<ref name="G:SfFtEST-BW">{{cite web |last=Spencer
|first=David |title=Shaft for Frizinghall to Esholt sewage |work=Geograph |access-date=17 October 2013 |date=8 July 2005 |url=https://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/24917}}</ref>
and [[Idle, West Yorkshire|Idle]].<ref name="G:SfFtEST-I">{{cite web |last=Spencer |first=David |title=Shaft for Frizinghall to Esholt sewage |work=Geograph |access-date=8 February 2014 |date=7 July 2005 |url=https://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/24924}}</ref>

In the site's Sludge Disposal Building later known as the Press House, 128 steam filter presses compressed sludge to recover grease ([[lanolin]]) which could be used for a variety of applications, and the press residue was sold as fertiliser to meet the cost of operating the plant.<ref name="EASCFT4">{{cite web |last=Garnett |first=Breedge |title=Esholt: A suitable case for treatment! (4) |work=BBC Home |access-date=2 October 2011 |date=September 2002 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/bradford/sense_of_place/hidden_esholt_4.shtml}}</ref>
After Bradford's woollen textile industry declined, the Press House became roofless and derelict.<ref name="EASCFT4"/>

==== Modernisation ====
Between 2006 and 2009 the waste water treatment plant was modernised. The £44m scheme included the installation of aeration tanks, activated sludge tanks, and sludge digestion facilities.<ref name="MS:EWWTW">{{cite web |title=Esholt Waste Water Treatment Works |work=Morgan Sindall |format=PDF |access-date=2 October 2011 |url=http://construction.morgansindall.com/what-we-do/water/water-profiles/esholt-waste-water-treatment-works |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131024162803/http://construction.morgansindall.com/what-we-do/water/water-profiles/esholt-waste-water-treatment-works |archive-date=24 October 2013 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
The sludge digestion facility produces [[biogas]] that is used in a [[Cogeneration|combined heat and power plant]] with two CHP engines generating 19&nbsp;MWh per day which is 44% of the electrical energy requirements of the site.<ref name="MS:EWWTW"/><ref name="YW:EWwTW">{{cite web|title=Esholt WwTW - Pioneer of Sustainability |work=Yorkshire Water |access-date=16 October 2013 |url=http://www.yorkshirewater.com/your-water-services/local-improvements/cleaning-our-rivers/esholt-wwtw.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131021175407/http://www.yorkshirewater.com/your-water-services/local-improvements/cleaning-our-rivers/esholt-wwtw.aspx |archive-date=21 October 2013 |df=dmy }}</ref>
Waste products from the works are reprocessed, mixed with green waste and turned into compost.<ref name="MS:EWWTW"/>
The old [[Trickling filter|percolating filters]] are obsolete and there are plans to empty them and install [[Solar panel|photovoltaic panels]] to generate electricity to power the site, with any excess going to the [[National Grid (Great Britain)|National Grid]].<ref name="B:E"/><ref name="YW:EWwTW"/>

==== Hydro-electricity power generation ====
The effluent emerging from the sewage tunnel passes through motorised screens, then through the 64&nbsp;tonne Spaans Babcock screw generators into the primary settling tanks. The screw generators comprise two {{convert|2.6|m|ft}} diameter, {{convert|14|m|ft}} long [[Archimedes' screw]] hydro-turbine generators installed in series.<ref name="SB:HP">{{cite web |title=Hydro Power using Waste Water at Esholt WwTW |work=Spaans Babcock |access-date=2 October 2011 |year=2010 |url=http://www.spaansbabcock.com/ltd/case_history/screw_generators/screw_pumps__generators.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120316193516/http://www.spaansbabcock.com/ltd/case_history/screw_generators/screw_pumps__generators.aspx |archive-date=16 March 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
The generators operate on a head of {{convert|8.2|m|ft}} with a flow rate up to 2,678&nbsp;litres per second, generating up to 175&nbsp;kW, providing 7% of the electrical power required by equipment on the site.<ref name="B:E"/><ref name="YW:EWwTW"/><ref name="SB:HP"/>
The equipment was installed in 2009 by JN&nbsp;Bentley and is the first site in the UK to use untreated (screened) sewage for hydro power generation.<ref name="B:E"/>