Editing Ernest Jones (section)

== Psychoanalytical career ==
Whilst attending a congress of neurologists in Amsterdam in 1907, Jones met [[Carl Jung]], from whom he received a first-hand account of the work of Freud and his circle in Vienna. Confirmed in his judgement of the importance of Freud's work, Jones joined Jung in [[Zürich]] to plan the inaugural Psychoanalytical Congress. This was held in 1908 in [[Salzburg]], where Jones met Freud for the first time. Jones travelled to [[Vienna]] for further discussions with Freud and introductions to the members of the [[Vienna Psychoanalytic Society]]. Thus began a personal and professional relationship which, to the acknowledged benefit of both, would survive the many dissensions and rivalries which marked the first decades of the psychoanalytic movement, and would last until Freud's death in 1939.{{sfn|Maddox|2006|pp=60–62}}
[[File:Hall Freud Jung in front of Clark 1909.jpg|thumb|Group photo 1909 in front of [[Clark University]]. Front row: [[Sigmund Freud]], [[G. Stanley Hall]], [[Carl Jung]]; back row: [[Abraham A. Brill]], Ernest Jones, [[Sándor Ferenczi]]]]
With his career prospects in Britain in serious difficulty, Jones sought refuge in Canada in 1908. He took up teaching duties in the Department of Psychiatry of the [[University of Toronto]] (from 1911, as Associate Professor of Psychiatry). In addition to building a private psychoanalytic practice, he worked as pathologist to the Toronto Asylum and Director of its psychiatric outpatient clinic. Following further meetings with Freud in 1909 at [[Clark University]] in [[Worcester, Massachusetts]], where Freud gave a series of lectures on psychoanalysis, and in the Netherlands the following year, Jones set about forging strong working relationships with the nascent American psychoanalytic movement. He gave some 20 papers or addresses to American professional societies at venues ranging from Boston, to Washington and Chicago. In 1910 he co-founded the American Psychopathological Association and the following year the [[American Psychoanalytic Association]], serving as its first Secretary until 1913.{{sfn|Maddox|2006|p=94}}

Jones undertook an intensive programme of writing and research, which produced the first of what were to be many significant contributions to psychoanalytic literature, notably monographs on ''[[Hamlet]]'' and ''On the Nightmare''. A number of these were published in German in the main psychoanalytic periodicals published in Vienna; these secured his status in [[Inner circle (psychoanalysis)|Freud's inner circle]] during the period of the latter's increasing estrangement from Jung. In this context in 1912 Jones initiated, with Freud's agreement, the formation of a [[Secret committee (psychoanalysis)|Committee]] of loyalists charged with safeguarding the theoretical and institutional legacy of the psychoanalytic movement.{{efn|Apart from Freud and Jones, the 1912 Committee comprised [[Otto Rank]] and Hans Sachs (from Vienna), [[Karl Abraham]] (Berlin) and [[Sándor Ferenczi]] (Budapest). Later recruits were [[Max Eitingon]] (Berlin) and [[Anna Freud]]. The Committee continued to function until 1927.}} This development also served the more immediate purpose of isolating Jung and, with Jones in strategic control, eventually manoeuvring him out of the Presidency of the [[International Psychoanalytical Association]], a post he had held since its inception. When Jung's resignation came in 1914, it was only the outbreak of the Great War that prevented Jones from taking his place.{{sfn|Maddox|2006|pp=101–102, 113}}

Returning to London in 1913, Jones set up in practice as a psychoanalyst, founded the London Psychoanalytic Society, and continued to write and lecture on psychoanalytic theory. A collection of his papers was published as ''Papers on Psychoanalysis'', the first account of psychoanalytic theory and practice by a practising analyst in the English language.

By 1919, the year he founded the [[British Psychoanalytical Society]], Jones could report proudly to Freud that psychoanalysis in Britain "stands in the forefront of medical, literary and psychological interest" (letter 27 January 1919 (Paskauskas 1993)). As President of the Society – a post he would hold until 1944 – Jones secured funding for and supervised the establishment in London of a ''Clinic'' offering subsidised fees, and an Institute of Psychoanalysis, which provided administrative, publishing and training facilities for the growing network of professional psychoanalysts.

[[File:Freud and other psychoanalysts 1922.jpg|thumb|The "Committee", 1922. Left to right, seated: [[Sigmund Freud]], [[Sándor Ferenczi]], and [[Hanns Sachs]]. Standing; [[Otto Rank]], [[Karl Abraham]], [[Max Eitingon]], and Ernest Jones.]]

Jones went on to serve two periods as President of the International Psychoanalytic Association from 1920 to 1924 and 1932 to 1949, where he had significant influence. In 1920 he founded the ''[[International Journal of Psychoanalysis]]'', serving as its editor until 1939. The following year he established the International Psychoanalytic Library, which published some 50 books under his editorship. Jones soon obtained from Freud rights to the English translation of his work. In 1924 the first two volumes of Freud's ''Collected Papers'' was published in translations edited by Jones and supervised by [[Joan Riviere]], his former analysand and, at one stage, ardent suitor.{{sfn|Maddox|2006|p=135}} After a period in analysis with Freud, Riviere worked with Jones as the translation editor of the ''International Journal of Psychoanalysis.'' She then was part of a working group Jones set up to plan and deliver [[James Strachey]]'s translations for the [[The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud|standard edition of Freud's work]].<ref>''[[The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud]]'', edited and translated from the German by [[James Strachey]], in collaboration with [[Anna Freud]]. Assisted by [[Alix Strachey]] and [[Alan Tyson]], 24 volumes. London: Hogarth Press 1955–1974</ref>
Largely through Jones' energetic advocacy, the [[British Medical Association]] officially recognised psychoanalysis in 1929. The [[BBC]] subsequently removed him from a list of speakers declared to be dangerous to public morality. In the 1930s Jones and his colleagues made a series of radio broadcasts on psychoanalysis.{{sfn|Maddox|2006|p=203}}

After [[Adolf Hitler]] took power in Germany, Jones helped many displaced and endangered Jewish analysts to resettle in England and other countries. Following the [[Anschluss]] of March 1938, Jones flew into Vienna at considerable personal risk to play a crucial role in negotiating and organising the emigration of Freud and his circle to London.{{efn|In securing the requisite immigration permits, Jones made use of his personal relationship with the Home Secretary, [[Samuel Hoare, 1st Viscount Templewood|Sir Samuel Hoare]]. Both were keen ice skaters and members of the same London skating club.}}{{sfn|Maddox|2006|p=230}}