Editing Environmental engineering (section)

=== Ancient civilizations ===
Environmental engineering is a name for work that has been done since early civilizations, as people learned to modify and control the environmental conditions to meet needs.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.environmentalscience.org/environmental-engineering|title=Environmental Engineering: Why It's Vital for Our Future|last=Mason|first=Matthew|website=Environmental Science|language=en-US|access-date=2019-03-23}}</ref> As people recognized that their health was related to the [[Environmental quality|quality of their environment]], they built systems to improve<ref name=":1" /> it. The ancient [[Indus Valley civilisation|Indus Valley Civilization]] (3300 B.C.E. to 1300 B.C.E.) had advanced control over their [[water resources]].<ref name=":2" /> The public work structures found at various sites in the area include wells, public baths, water storage tanks, a drinking water system, and a city-wide sewage collection system.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Jansen|first=M.|date=October 1989|title=Water Supply and Sewage Disposal at Mohenjo-Daro|journal=World Archaeology|volume=21|issue=2|pages=177–192|jstor=124907|doi=10.1080/00438243.1989.9980100|pmid=16470995}}</ref> They also had an early canal [[Irrigation|irrigation system]] enabling large-scale agriculture.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Evolution of Sanitation and Wastewater Technologies through the Centuries|author-link=Andreas N. Angelakis|last1=Angelakis|first1=Andreas N.|last2=Rose|first2=Joan B.|publisher=IWA Publishing|year=2014|isbn=9781780404851|pages=25–40|chapter=Chapter 2: "Sanitation and wastewater technologies in Harappa/Indus valley civilization (ca. 2600-1900 BC)}}</ref>

From 4000 to 2000 B.C.E., many civilizations had drainage systems and some had sanitation facilities, including the [[Mesopotamia|Mesopotamian Empire]], [[Mohenjo-daro|Mohenjo-Daro]], Egypt, Crete, and the [[Orkney|Orkney Islands]] in Scotland.<ref name=":1" /> The Greeks also had aqueducts and sewer systems that used rain and wastewater to irrigate and fertilize fields.<ref name=":1" />

The first [[Roman aqueduct|aqueduct]] in Rome was constructed in 312 B.C.E., and the Romans continued to construct [[Roman aqueduct|aqueducts]] for irrigation and safe urban water supply during droughts.<ref name=":1" /> They also built an underground sewer system as early as the 7th century B.C.E. that fed into the Tiber River, draining marshes to create farmland as well as removing sewage from the city.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" />