Editing Economy of Mexico (section)

===Main indicators===
[[File:PortVeracruz55.JPG|thumb|right|250px|A portion of the [[port]] of Veracruz]]
{| style="width: 22em; font-size: 85%; text-align: left;" class="wikitable floatright"
|-
!  style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0; vertical-align:top;"|GDP per capita [[purchasing power parity|PPP]]
|  style="background:#f0f0f0; vertical-align:top;"| US $16,900 (2012–15)
|-
!  style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"|GNI per capita [[purchasing power parity|PPP]]
|valign="top"| US $16,500 (2012–15)
|-
!  style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0; vertical-align:top;"|Inflation ([[Consumer price index|CPI]])
|  style="background:#f0f0f0; vertical-align:top;"|  3.7% (February 2021)
|-
!  style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"|[[Gini index]]
|valign="top"| 43.4 (World Bank 2016)
|-
!  style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0; vertical-align:top;"|Unemployment
|  style="background:#f0f0f0; vertical-align:top;"| 4.5% (January 2021)
|-
!  style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"|[[Human Development Index|HDI]]
|valign="top"|{{profit}} 0.779 (2020)
|-
!  style="text-align:left; background:#f0f0f0; vertical-align:top;"|Labor force
|  style="background:#f0f0f0; vertical-align:top;"| 78.4 million (2011)
|-
!  style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"|Pop. in poverty
|valign="top"| 13.8%
|}

Mexico's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in [[purchasing power parity]] (PPP) was estimated at US$2,143.499 [[1000000000 (number)|billion]] in 2014, and $1,261.642 [[1000000000 (number)|billion]] in nominal exchange rates.<ref name="IMF Mexico"/> It is the leader of the [[MINT (economics)|MINT]] group. Its standard of living, as GDP in PPP per capita, was US$16,900. The World Bank reported in 2009 that Mexico's [[Gross National Income]] in market exchange rates was the second highest in Latin America, after [[Brazil]] at US$1,830.392&nbsp;billion,<ref name="GNI">{{cite web|url=http://siteresources.worldbank.org/DATASTATISTICS/Resources/GNI.pdf|title=Total GNI Atlas Method 2009, World Bank|access-date=December 27, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101105181216/http://siteresources.worldbank.org/DATASTATISTICS/Resources/GNI.pdf|archive-date=November 5, 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref> which lead to the highest [[Gross National Income|income per capita]] in the region at $14,400.<ref name="GNIPC">{{cite web |url=http://siteresources.worldbank.org/DATASTATISTICS/Resources/GNIPC.pdf |title=GNI per capita 2009, Atlas method and PPP, World Bank |access-date=December 27, 2010 |archive-date=November 19, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191119222253/http://siteresources.worldbank.org/DATASTATISTICS/Resources/GNIPC.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> As such, Mexico established itself as an upper middle-income country. After the slowdown of 2001, the country recovered and grown 4.2, 3.0, and 4.8 percent in 2004, 2005, and 2006,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eclac.org/prensa/noticias/comunicados/0/27580/GDPchartforprelimoverview_ENG.pdf|title=Reporte ECLAC|access-date=February 16, 2007|language=es|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070615205535/http://www.eclac.org/prensa/noticias/comunicados/0/27580/GDPchartforprelimoverview_ENG.pdf|archive-date=June 15, 2007|url-status=dead}}</ref> even though it is considered to be well below Mexico's potential growth.<ref name="Hufbauer"/>

The [[Mexican peso]] is the currency ([[ISO 4217]]: MXN; symbol: $). One peso is divided into 100 ''centavos'' (cents). MXN replaced MXP in 1993 at a rate of 1000 MXP per 1 MXN. The exchange rate remained stable between [[Economic history of Mexico#Peso.E2.80.93US dollar exchange 1970.E2.80.932016|1998 and 2006]], oscillating between 10.20 and 11=3.50 MXN per US$. The Mexican peso parity decreased under president Enrique Peña Nieto, [http://www.proceso.com.mx/468127/pierde-peso-19-87-valor-en-2016-preven-dolar-en-23-pesos lost in a single year 19.87% of its value] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170329061218/http://www.proceso.com.mx/468127/pierde-peso-19-87-valor-en-2016-preven-dolar-en-23-pesos |date=March 29, 2017 }} reaching an exchange rate of $20.37 per dollar in 2017. Interest rates in 2007 were situated at around 7 percent,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.banxico.org.mx/polmoneinflacion/estadisticas/tasasInteres/tasasInteres.html |title=Tasas de Interés, Banco de México |access-date=February 16, 2007 |language=es |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070217053525/http://www.banxico.org.mx/polmoneinflacion/estadisticas/tasasInteres/tasasInteres.html |archive-date=February 17, 2007  }}</ref> having reached a historic low in 2002 below 5 percent. Inflation rates are also at historic lows; the inflation rate in Mexico in 2006 was 4.1 percent and 3 percent by the end of 2007. Compared against the US Dollar, Mexican Peso [[Economic history of Mexico#Peso.E2.80.93US dollar exchange 1970.E2.80.932016|has devalued over %7,500 since 1910]].{{Citation needed|date=July 2022}}

Unemployment rates are the lowest of all [[OECD]] member countries at 3.2 percent. However, underemployment is estimated at 25 percent.<ref name="CIA" /> Mexico's [[Human Development Index]] was reported at 0.829 in 2008,<ref name="unhdi">{{cite web|title=Table 1: Human Development Index |url=http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/hdr_20072008_en_indicator_tables.pdf |access-date=March 20, 2008 |author=UNDP Human Development Report 2007/2008 |date=January 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080226204118/http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/hdr_20072008_en_indicator_tables.pdf |archive-date=February 26, 2008 |url-status=live  }} pp. 229–32</ref> (comprising a life expectancy index of 0.84, an education index of 0.86 and a GDP index of 0.77), ranking 52 in the world within the group of high-development.

'''Development'''

The following table shows the main economic indicators in 1980–2023  (with IMF staff estimates in 2024–2028). Inflation below 5% is in green.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Report for Selected Countries and Subjects |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report |access-date=February 26, 2024 |website=IMF |language=en |archive-date=January 2, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102105412/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report |url-status=live }}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
!Year
!GDP
<small>(in billion US$PPP)</small>
!GDP per capita
<small>(in US$ PPP)</small>
!GDP
<small>(in billion US$nominal)</small>
!GDP per capita
<small>(in US$ nominal)</small>
!GDP growth
<small>(real)</small>
!Inflation rate
<small>(in Percent)</small>
!Unemployment
<small>(in Percent)</small>
!Government debt
<small>(in % of GDP)</small>
|-
|1980
|404.3
|5,984.8
|228.6
|3,383.7
|{{Increase}}9.5%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}26.5%
|1.2%
|n/a
|-
|1981
|{{Increase}}480.3
|{{Increase}}6,934.4
|{{Increase}}293.6
|{{Increase}}4,238.8
|{{Increase}}8.5%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}28.0%
|{{DecreasePositive}}0.9%
|n/a
|-
|1982
|{{Increase}}507.4
|{{Increase}}7,148.6
|{{Decrease}}213.1
|{{Decrease}}3,002.2
|{{Decrease}}-0.5%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}59.1%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}4.2%
|n/a
|-
|1983
|{{Increase}}508.8
|{{Decrease}}7,001.9
|{{Decrease}}173.7
|{{Decrease}}2,390.4
|{{Decrease}}-3.5%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}101.8%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}6.1%
|n/a
|-
|1984
|{{Increase}}545.2
|{{Increase}}7,331.8
|{{Increase}}204.9
|{{Increase}}2,755.0
|{{Increase}}3.4%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}65.4%
|{{DecreasePositive}}5.6%
|n/a
|-
|1985
|{{Increase}}574.7
|{{Increase}}7,559.2
|{{Increase}}217.4
|{{Increase}}2,859.2
|{{Increase}}2.2%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}57.8%
|{{DecreasePositive}}4.4%
|n/a
|-
|1986
|{{Decrease}}568.3
|{{Decrease}}7,314.4
|{{Decrease}}150.5
|{{Decrease}}1,937.4
|{{Decrease}}-3.1%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}86.4%
|{{DecreasePositive}}4.3%
|n/a
|-
|1987
|{{Increase}}592.3
|{{Increase}}7,465.9
|{{Increase}}165.1
|{{Increase}}2,080.4
|{{Increase}}1.7%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}132.0%
|{{DecreasePositive}}3.9%
|n/a
|-
|1988
|{{Increase}}621.1
|{{Increase}}7,670.6
|{{Increase}}201.9
|{{Increase}}2,493.8
|{{Increase}}1.3%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}113.5%
|{{DecreasePositive}}3.5%
|n/a
|-
|1989
|{{Increase}}671.9
|{{Increase}}8,137.0
|{{Increase}}246.1
|{{Increase}}2,979.9
|{{Increase}}4.1%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}19.9%
|{{DecreasePositive}}2.9%
|n/a
|-
|1990
|{{Increase}}733.2
|{{Increase}}8,710.7
|{{Increase}}290.4
|{{Increase}}3,450.2
|{{Increase}}5.2%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}26.7%
|{{DecreasePositive}}2.7%
|n/a
|-
|1991
|{{Increase}}789.9
|{{Increase}}9,212.0
|{{Increase}}348.1
|{{Increase}}4,060.0
|{{Increase}}4.2%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}22.6%
|{{Steady}}2.7%
|n/a
|-
|1992
|{{Increase}}836.5
|{{Increase}}9,580.9
|{{Increase}}403.7
|{{Increase}}4,624.0
|{{Increase}}3.5%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}15.5%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}2.8%
|n/a
|-
|1993
|{{Increase}}879.8
|{{Increase}}9,902.0
|{{Increase}}500.8
|{{Increase}}5,636.4
|{{Increase}}2.7%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}9.8%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}3.4%
|n/a
|-
|1994
|{{Increase}}943.0
|{{Increase}}10,435.6
|{{Increase}}527.8
|{{Increase}}5,841.0
|{{Increase}}4.9%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}7.0%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}3.7%
|n/a
|-
|1995
|{{Decrease}}902.2
|{{Decrease}}9,823.1
|{{Decrease}}360.1
|{{Decrease}}3,920.7
|{{Decrease}}-6.3%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}35.1%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}6.2%
|n/a
|-
|1996
|{{Increase}}980.9
|{{Increase}}10,514.4
|{{Increase}}411.0
|{{Increase}}4,405.1
|{{Increase}}6.8%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}34.4%
|{{DecreasePositive}}5.5%
|44.7%
|-
|1997
|{{Increase}}1,066.2
|{{Increase}}11,256.0
|{{Increase}}500.4
|{{Increase}}5,283.1
|{{Increase}}6.8%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}20.6%
|{{DecreasePositive}}3.7%
|{{DecreasePositive}}40.9%
|-
|1998
|{{Increase}}1,133.9
|{{Increase}}11,796.6
|{{Increase}}526.5
|{{Increase}}5,477.9
|{{Increase}}5.2%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}15.9%
|{{DecreasePositive}}3.2%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}42.0%
|-
|1999
|{{Increase}}1,181.5
|{{Increase}}12,120.0
|{{Increase}}600.2
|{{Increase}}6,157.2
|{{Increase}}2.8%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}16.6%
|{{DecreasePositive}}2.5%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}43.8%
|-
|2000
|{{Increase}}1,268.0
|{{Increase}}12,835.7
|{{Increase}}707.9
|{{Increase}}7,166.1
|{{Increase}}4.9%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}9.5%
|{{DecreasePositive}}2.2%
|{{DecreasePositive}}40.3%
|-
|2001
|{{Increase}}1,291.3
|{{Increase}}12,899.4
|{{Increase}}756.7
|{{Increase}}7,559.0
|{{Decrease}}-0.4%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}6.4%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}2.8%
|{{DecreasePositive}}39.3%
|-
|2002
|{{Increase}}1,310.9
|{{Increase}}12,916.1
|{{Increase}}772.1
|{{Increase}}7,607.4
|{{Decrease}}0.0%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}5.0%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}3.0%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}41.9%
|-
|2003
|{{Increase}}1,356.1
|{{Increase}}13,180.1
|{{Decrease}}729.3
|{{Decrease}}7,088.5
|{{Increase}}1.4%
|{{Increase}}4.6%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}3.4%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}44.2%
|-
|2004
|{{Increase}}1,447.1
|{{Increase}}13,878.1
|{{Increase}}782.2
|{{Increase}}7,501.9
|{{Increase}}3.9%
|{{Increase}}4.7%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}3.9%
|{{DecreasePositive}}40.8%
|-
|2005
|{{Increase}}1,526.9
|{{Increase}}14,450.1
|{{Increase}}877.5
|{{Increase}}8,304.0
|{{Increase}}2.3%
|{{Increase}}4.0%
|{{DecreasePositive}}3.5%
|{{DecreasePositive}}38.5%
|-
|2006
|{{Increase}}1,644.8
|{{Increase}}15,349.7
|{{Increase}}975.4
|{{Increase}}9,102.5
|{{Increase}}4.5%
|{{Increase}}3.6%
|{{Steady}}3.5%
|{{DecreasePositive}}37.4%
|-
|2007
|{{Increase}}1,728.0
|{{Increase}}15,890.1
|{{Increase}}1,052.7
|{{Increase}}9,680.4
|{{Increase}}2.3%
|{{Increase}}4.0%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}3.6%
|{{DecreasePositive}}37.2%
|-
|2008
|{{Increase}}1,781.2
|{{Increase}}16,133.6
|{{Increase}}1,110.0
|{{Increase}}10,053.7
|{{Increase}}1.1%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}5.1%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}3.9%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}42.5%
|-
|2009
|{{Decrease}}1,697.9
|{{Decrease}}15,146.9
|{{Decrease}}900.0
|{{Decrease}}8,029.3
|{{Decrease}}-5.3%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}5.3%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}5.3%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}43.7%
|-
|2010
|{{Increase}}1,806.3
|{{Increase}}15,879.3
|{{Increase}}1,057.8
|{{Increase}}9,299.5
|{{Increase}}5.1%
|{{Increase}}4.2%
|{{Steady}}5.3%
|{{DecreasePositive}}42.0%
|-
|2011
|{{Increase}}1,911.3
|{{Increase}}16,567.2
|{{Increase}}1,180.5
|{{Increase}}10,232.4
|{{Increase}}3.7%
|{{Increase}}3.4%
|{{DecreasePositive}}5.2%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}42.9%
|-
|2012
|{{Increase}}2,012.8
|{{Increase}}17,212.6
|{{Increase}}1,201.1
|{{Increase}}10,271.4
|{{Increase}}3.6%
|{{Increase}}4.1%
|{{DecreasePositive}}4.9%
|{{DecreasePositive}}42.7%
|-
|2013
|{{Increase}}2,064.5
|{{Increase}}17,428.6
|{{Increase}}1,274.4
|{{Increase}}10,759.0
|{{Increase}}1.4%
|{{Increase}}3.8%
|{{Steady}}4.9%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}45.9%
|-
|2014
|{{Increase}}2,173.2
|{{Increase}}18,119.8
|{{Increase}}1,315.4
|{{Increase}}10,967.1
|{{Increase}}2.9%
|{{Increase}}4.0%
|{{DecreasePositive}}4.8%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}48.9%
|-
|2015
|{{Increase}}2,230.6
|{{Increase}}18,382.2
|{{Decrease}}1,171.9
|{{Decrease}}9,657.1
|{{Increase}}3.3%
|{{Increase}}2.7%
|{{DecreasePositive}}4.3%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}52.8%
|-
|2016
|{{Increase}}2,383.4
|{{Increase}}19,422.1
|{{Decrease}}1,078.5
|{{Decrease}}8,788.6
|{{Increase}}2.6%
|{{Increase}}2.8%
|{{DecreasePositive}}3.9%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}56.7%
|-
|2017
|{{Increase}}2,472.6
|{{Increase}}19,933.5
|{{Increase}}1,158.9
|{{Increase}}9,342.9
|{{Increase}}2.1%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}6.0%
|{{DecreasePositive}}3.4%
|{{DecreasePositive}}54.0%
|-
|2018
|{{Increase}}2,587.2
|{{Increase}}20,643.6
|{{Increase}}1,222.4
|{{Increase}}9,753.7
|{{Increase}}2.2%
|{{Increase}}4.9%
|{{DecreasePositive}}3.3%
|{{DecreasePositive}}53.6%
|-
|2019
|{{Increase}}2,628.3
|{{Increase}}20,764.0
|{{Increase}}1,269.0
|{{Increase}}10,025.5
|{{Decrease}}-0.2%
|{{Increase}}3.6%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}3.5%
|{{DecreasePositive}}53.3%
|-
|2020
|{{Decrease}}2,445.6
|{{Decrease}}19,137.4
|{{Decrease}}1,089.8
|{{Decrease}}8,528.1
|{{Decrease}}-8.1%
|{{Increase}}3.4%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}4.4%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}60.1%
|-
|2021
|{{Increase}}2,755.9
|{{Increase}}21,368.8
|{{Increase}}1,312.6
|{{Increase}}10,177.0
|{{Increase}}5.8%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}5.7%
|{{DecreasePositive}}4.1%
|{{DecreasePositive}}56.9%
|-
|2022
|{{Increase}}3,064.0
|{{Increase}}23,547.8
|{{Increase}}1,465.9
|{{Increase}}11,265.5
|{{Increase}}3.9%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}8.0%
|{{DecreasePositive}}3.3%
|{{DecreasePositive}}54.0%
|-
|2023
|{{Increase}}3,277.6
|{{Increase}}24,976.0
|{{Increase}}1,811.5
|{{Increase}}13,803.7
|{{Increase}}3.2%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}5.5%
|{{DecreasePositive}}2.9%
|{{DecreasePositive}}52.7%
|-
|2024
|''{{Increase}}3,423.6''
|''{{Increase}}25,875.8''
|''{{Increase}}1,994.1''
|''{{Increase}}15,072.0''
|''{{Increase}}2.1%''
|''{{Increase}}3.8%''
|''{{IncreaseNegative}}3.0%''
|''{{IncreaseNegative}}54.8%''
|-
|2025
|''{{Increase}}3,543.7''
|''{{Increase}}26,573.6''
|''{{Increase}}2,081.2''
|''{{Increase}}15,606.6''
|''{{Increase}}1.5%''
|''{{Increase}}3.1%''
|''{{IncreaseNegative}}3.4%''
|''{{IncreaseNegative}}55.1%''
|-
|2026
|''{{Increase}}3,676.8''
|''{{Increase}}27,364.8''
|''{{Increase}}2,171.3''
|''{{Increase}}16,159.9''
|''{{Increase}}1.8%''
|''{{Increase}}3.0%''
|''{{IncreaseNegative}}3.6%''
|''{{IncreaseNegative}}55.5%''
|-
|2027
|''{{Increase}}3,818.1''
|''{{Increase}}28,211.2''
|''{{Increase}}2,260.1''
|''{{Increase}}16,699.1''
|''{{Increase}}2.0%''
|''{{Increase}}3.0%''
|''{{IncreaseNegative}}3.7%''
|''{{IncreaseNegative}}55.9%''
|-
|2028
|''{{Increase}}3,968.9''
|''{{Increase}}29,113.8''
|''{{Increase}}2,356.8''
|''{{Increase}}17,287.9''
|''{{Increase}}2.1%''
|''{{Increase}}3.0%''
|''{{Steady}}3.7%''
|''{{IncreaseNegative}}56.3%''
|}