Editing Economy of Cameroon (section)

==Macro-economic trend==
<!--[[File:YaoundePanoramicView.jpeg|center|upright=2.0|thumb|Yaounde, the second economic center of the country]]-->

Cameroon became an oil-producing country in 1977. Claiming to want to make reserves for difficult times, the authorities manage "off-budget" oil revenues in total opacity (the funds are placed in [[Paris]], [[Switzerland]] and [[New York City|New York]] accounts). Several billion dollars are thus diverted to the benefit of oil companies and regime officials. The influence of France and its 9,000 nationals in Cameroon remains considerable. African Affairs magazine noted in the early 1980s that they "continue to dominate almost all key sectors of the economy, much as they did before independence. French nationals control 55% of the modern sector of the Cameroonian economy and their control over the banking system is total.<ref>Thomas Deltombe, Manuel Domergue, Jacob Tatsita, Kamerun !, La Découverte, 2019</ref>

Recent signs, however, are encouraging. As of March 1998, Cameroon's fifth IMF program – a 3-year enhanced structural adjustment program approved in August 1997 – is on track. Cameroon has rescheduled its [[Paris Club]] debt at favorable terms. GDP has grown by about 5% a year beginning in 1995. There is cautious optimism that Cameroon is emerging from its long period of economic hardship.

[[File:2006Cameroonian exports.PNG|thumb|left|upright=1.25|Cameroonian exports in 2006]]
The [[Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility]] (ESAF) signed recently by the IMF and Government of Cameroon calls for greater macroeconomic planning and financial accountability; [[privatization]] of most of Cameroon's nearly 100 remaining non-financial parastatal enterprises; elimination of state marketing board [[monopoly|monopolies]] on the export of cocoa, certain coffees, and cotton; privatization and price competition in the [[banking]] sector; implementation of the 1992 [[labor code]]; a vastly improved judicial system; and political liberalization to boost investment.

[[France]] is Cameroon's main trading partner and source of private investment and [[foreign aid]]. Cameroon has an investment guaranty agreement and a bilateral accord with the [[United States]]. USA investment in Cameroon is about $1 million, most of it in the oil sector. Inflation has been brought back under control. Cameroon aims at becoming emerging by 2035.

The government embarked upon a series of economic reform programs supported by the [[World Bank]] and [[International Monetary Fund]] (IMF) beginning in the late 1980s. Many of these measures have been painful; the government slashed [[civil service]] salaries by 65% in 1993. The [[CFA franc]] – the common currency of Cameroon and 13 other African states – was devalued by 50% in January 1994. The government failed to meet the conditions of the first four IMF programs.

This is a chart of trend of gross domestic product of Cameroon at market prices [http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2006/01/data/dbcselm.cfm?G=2001 estimated] by the International Monetary Fund with figures in millions of Central African CFA Francs.
[[File:Pineapple 'Victoria' with slice.jpg|thumb|Pineapple 'Victoria', grown in Cameroon]]
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year || Gross Domestic Product || US Dollar Exchange
|-
| 1980 || 1,600,186 || 209.20 Francs
|-
| 1985 || 4,355,977 || 471.12 Francs
|-
| 1990 || 3,804,428 || 300.65 Francs
|-
| 1995 || 4,686,286 || 518.62 Francs
|-
| 2000 || 6,612,385 || 658.21 Francs
|-
| 2005 || 8,959,279 || 527.29 Francs
|}

The following table shows the main economic indicators in 1980–2022. Inflation below 5% is in green.<ref>{{cite web|title=Report for Selected Countries and Subjects|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=1980&ey=2023&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=622&s=NGDP_RPCH,PPPGDP,PPPPC,PCPIPCH,GGXWDG_NGDP&grp=0&a=&pr.x=35&pr.y=12|access-date=2018-08-29|language=en-US}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
!Year
!GDP
<small>(in Bil. US$PPP)</small>
!GDP per capita
<small>(in US$ PPP)</small>
!GDP
<small>(in Bil. US$nominal)</small>
!GDP growth
<small>(real)</small>
!Inflation rate
<small>(in Percent)</small>
!Government debt
<small>(in % of GDP)</small>
|-
|1980
|11.1
|1,263
|8.85
|{{Increase}}9.9%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}7.7%
|n/a
|-
|1981
|{{Increase}}14.3
|{{Increase}}1,572
|{{Increase}}10.03
|{{Increase}}17.1%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}7.5%
|n/a
|-
|1982
|{{Increase}}16.3
|{{Increase}}1,747
|{{Decrease}}9.62
|{{Increase}}7.6%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}15.3%
|n/a
|-
|1983
|{{Increase}}18.1
|{{Increase}}1,887
|{{Increase}}9.69
|{{Increase}}6.8%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}20.5%
|n/a
|-
|1984
|{{Increase}}20.1
|{{Increase}}2,047
|{{Increase}}10.24
|{{Increase}}7.5%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}12.1%
|n/a
|-
|1985
|{{Increase}}22.4
|{{Increase}}2,223
|{{Increase}}10.70
|{{Increase}}8.1%
|{{Increase}}4.2%
|n/a
|-
|1986
|{{Increase}}24.4
|{{Increase}}2,357
|{{Increase}}13.95
|{{Increase}}6.8%
|{{Increase}}4.3%
|n/a
|-
|1987
|{{Increase}}24.5
|{{Decrease}}2,298
|{{Increase}}16.15
| {{Decrease}}-2.2%
|{{Increase}}2.8%
|n/a
|-
|1988
|{{Decrease}}23.4
|{{Decrease}}2,129
|{{Increase}}16.40
| {{Decrease}}-7.9%
|{{Increase}}1.7%
|n/a
|-
|1989
|{{Decrease}}23.9
|{{Decrease}}2,110
|{{Decrease}}14.63
| {{Decrease}}-1.8%
|{{Increase}}1.6%
|n/a
|-
|1990
|{{Decrease}}23.2
|{{Decrease}}1,992
|{{Increase}}14.64
| {{Decrease}}-6.2%
|{{Increase}}1.5%
|n/a
|-
|1991
|{{Decrease}}23.1
|{{Decrease}}1,922
|{{Increase}}16.33
| {{Decrease}}-3.8%
| {{DecreasePositive}}-0.6%
|n/a
|-
|1992
|{{Decrease}}22.9
|{{Decrease}}1,850
|{{Decrease}}14.96
| {{Decrease}}-3.1%
|{{Increase}}1.9%
|n/a
|-
|1993
|{{Decrease}}22.7
|{{Decrease}}1,780
|{{Increase}}15.61
| {{Decrease}}-3.2%
| {{DecreasePositive}}-3.7%
|n/a
|-
|1994
|{{Decrease}}22.6
|{{Decrease}}1,722
|{{Decrease}}10.62
| {{Decrease}}-2.5%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}12.7%
|n/a
|-
|1995
|{{Increase}}23.9
|{{Increase}}1,766
|{{Decrease}}10.08
|{{Increase}}3.3%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}25.8%
|n/a
|-
|1996
|{{Increase}}25.5
|{{Increase}}1,836
|{{Increase}}11.23
|{{Increase}}4.9%
|{{Increase}}3.9%
|n/a
|-
|1997
|{{Increase}}27.3
|{{Increase}}1,913
|{{Increase}}11.35
|{{Increase}}5.3%
|{{Increase}}4.8%
|n/a
|-
|1998
|{{Increase}}29.0
|{{Increase}}1,974
|{{Decrease}}11.34
|{{Increase}}4.9%
|{{Increase}}3.2%
|68%
|-
|1999
|{{Increase}}30.6
|{{Increase}}2,026
|{{Increase}}11.55
|{{Increase}}4.1%
|{{Increase}}1.8%
|{{Steady}}68%
|-
|2000
|{{Increase}}32.3
|{{Increase}}2,084
|{{Decrease}}10.25
|{{Increase}}3.4%
|{{Increase}}1.2%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}76%
|-
|2001
|{{Increase}}34.2
|{{Increase}}2,145
|{{Increase}}10.95
|{{Increase}}3.4%
|{{Increase}}4.5%
|{{DecreasePositive}}62%
|-
|2002
|{{Increase}}36.4
|{{Increase}}2,224
|{{Increase}}12.37
|{{Increase}}4.8%
|{{Increase}}2.8%
|{{DecreasePositive}}57%
|-
|2003
|{{Increase}}38.9
|{{Increase}}2,318
|{{Increase}}15.94
|{{Increase}}5.0%
|{{Increase}}0.6%
|{{DecreasePositive}}52%
|-
|2004
|{{Increase}}42.6
|{{Increase}}2,469
|{{Increase}}18.80
|{{Increase}}6.6%
|{{Increase}}0.3%
|{{Steady}}52%
|-
|2005
|{{Increase}}44.5
|{{Increase}}2,509
|{{Increase}}19.53
|{{Increase}}1.2%
|{{Increase}}2.0%
|{{DecreasePositive}}44%
|-
|2006
|{{Increase}}47.5
|{{Increase}}2,605
|{{Increase}}20.91
|{{Increase}}3.5%
|{{Increase}}4.9%
|{{DecreasePositive}}18%
|-
|2007
|{{Increase}}50.8
|{{Increase}}2,710
|{{Increase}}23.93
|{{Increase}}4.1%
|{{Increase}}1.1%
|{{DecreasePositive}}14%
|-
|2008
|{{Increase}}53.2
|{{Increase}}2,764
|{{Increase}}27.71
|{{Increase}}2.9%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}5.3%
|{{DecreasePositive}}11%
|-
|2009
|{{Increase}}55.0
|{{Increase}}2,777
|{{Increase}}27.90
|{{Increase}}2.6%
|{{Increase}}3.0%
|{{Steady}}11%
|-
|2010
|{{Increase}}57.2
|{{Increase}}2,814
|{{Decrease}}27.53
|{{Increase}}2.9%
|{{Increase}}1.3%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}14%
|-
|2011
|{{Increase}}60.5
|{{Increase}}2,892
|{{Increase}}30.63
|{{Increase}}3.5%
|{{Increase}}3.0%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}15%
|-
|2012
|{{Increase}}63.6
|{{Increase}}2,959
|{{Decrease}}30.17
|{{Increase}}4.5%
|{{Increase}}2.4%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}15%
|-
|2013
|{{Increase}}69.1
|{{Increase}}3,130
|{{Increase}}33.73
|{{Increase}}5.0%
|{{Increase}}2.1%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}17%
|-
|2014
|{{Increase}}75.1
|{{Increase}}3,313
|{{Increase}}36.40
|{{Increase}}5.8%
|{{Increase}}1.9%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}21%
|-
|2015
|{{Increase}}79.1
|{{Increase}}3,396
|{{Decrease}}32.21
|{{Increase}}5.6%
|{{Increase}}2.7%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}32%
|-
|2016
|{{Increase}}84.4
|{{Increase}}3,527
|{{Increase}}33.81
|{{Increase}}4.5%
|{{Increase}}0.9%
|{{Steady}}32%
|-
|2017
|{{Increase}}90.0
|{{Increase}}3,665
|{{Increase}}36.09
|{{Increase}}3.5%
|{{Increase}}0.6%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}37%
|-
|2018
|{{Increase}}95.9
|{{Increase}}3,803
|{{Increase}}39.99
|{{Increase}}4.0%
|{{Increase}}1.1%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}38%
|-
|2019
|{{Increase}}101.0
|{{Increase}}3,901
|{{Increase}}39.67
|{{Increase}}3.4%
|{{Increase}}2.5%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}42%
|-
|2020
|{{Increase}}102.7
|{{Decrease}}3,870
|{{Increase}}40.86
|{{Increase}}0.5%
|{{Increase}}2.5%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}45%
|-
|2021
|{{Increase}}110.9
|{{Increase}}4,073
|{{Increase}}45.39
|{{Increase}}3.6%
|{{Increase}}2.3%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}46%
|-
|2022
|{{Increase}}123.3
|{{Increase}}4,419
|{{Decrease}}44.32
|{{Increase}}3.8%
|{{Increase}}4.6%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}47%
|}