Editing Economy of Brazil (section)

== Components ==
The [[service sector]] is the largest component of the [[gross domestic product]] (GDP) at 67.0 percent, followed by the [[industrial sector]] at 27.5 percent. [[Agriculture]] represents 5.5 percent of GDP (2011).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.worlddiplomacy.org/Countries/Brazil/InfoBra.html |title=Brazil - Order and Progress |access-date=1 August 2014 |archive-date=8 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808034934/http://www.worlddiplomacy.org/Countries/Brazil/InfoBra.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> The Brazilian labor force is estimated at 100.77 million of which 10 percent is occupied in agriculture, 19 percent in the industry sector and 71 percent in the service sector.

=== Agricultural sector ===
{{Main|Agriculture in Brazil}}
{| style="toc: 25em; font-size: 85%; lucida grande, sans-serif; text-align: left; max-width:22em" class="wikitable floatright plainrowheaders"
|+Agriculture production
|-
! scope="row" | Main products
| Coffee, soybeans, wheat, rice, corn, sugarcane, cocoa, citrus; beef
|-
! scope="row" | Labor force
| 15.7% of total labor force
|-
! scope="row" |GDP of sector
| 5.9% of total GDP
|}
[[File:Arroz 097.jpg|200px|thumb|right|[[Combine harvester]] on a plantation|alt=Refer to caption]]
[[File:Brasil economia.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Economic activity in Brazil (1977).]]

Brazil is the world's largest producer of [[sugarcane]], [[soy]], [[coffee]], [[Orange (fruit)|orange]], [[guaraná]], [[açaí]] and [[Brazil nut]]; is one of the top 5 producers of [[maize]], [[papaya]], [[tobacco]], [[pineapple]], [[banana]], [[cotton]], [[beans]], [[coconut]], [[watermelon]] and [[lemon]]; is one of the top 10 world producers of [[Cocoa bean|cocoa]], [[cashew]], [[avocado]], [[tangerine]], [[persimmon]], [[mango]], [[guava]], [[rice]], [[sorghum]] and [[tomato]]; and is one of the top 15 world producers of [[grape]], [[apple]], [[melon]], [[peanut]], [[common fig|fig]], [[peach]], [[onion]], [[palm oil]] and [[natural rubber]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC/| title = Production of Brazil in 2018, by FAO}}</ref>

In the production of animal proteins, Brazil is today one of the largest countries in the world. In 2019, the country was the world's largest exporter of [[chicken meat]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aviculturaindustrial.com.br/imprensa/conheca-os-3-paises-que-desafiam-o-brasil-nas-exportacoes-de-frango/20200122-093443-o532|title=Conheça os 3 países que desafiam o Brasil nas exportações de frango|website=Avicultura Industrial}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.farmnews.com.br/mercado/maiores-exportadores-de-carne-de-frango/|title=Maiores exportadores de carne de frango entre 2015 e 2019|first=Ivan|last=Formigoni|date=30 May 2019}}</ref> It was also the second largest producer of [[beef]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.beefpoint.com.br/ibge-rebanho-de-bovinos-tinha-21823-milhoes-de-cabecas-em-2016/|title=IBGE: rebanho de bovinos tinha 218,23 milhões de cabeças em 2016 {{pipe}} BeefPoint|website=beefpoint.com.br}}</ref> the world's third largest producer of [[milk]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://agronewsbrazil.com.br/brasil-e-o-3o-maior-produtor-de-leite-do-mundo-superando-o-padrao-europeu-em-alguns-municipios/|title=Brasil é o 3º maior produtor de leite do mundo, superando o padrão Europeu em alguns municípios|date=8 February 2020|access-date=31 October 2020|archive-date=17 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200917042822/https://agronewsbrazil.com.br/brasil-e-o-3o-maior-produtor-de-leite-do-mundo-superando-o-padrao-europeu-em-alguns-municipios/|url-status=dead}}</ref> the world's fourth largest producer of [[pork]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.farmnews.com.br/mercado/principais-paises-produtores-de-carne-suina/|title=Principais países produtores de carne suína entre 2017 e 2019|date=23 July 2019}}</ref> and the seventh largest producer of [[Egg as food|egg]]s in the world.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aviculturaindustrial.com.br/imprensa/brasil-e-setimo-maior-produtor-mundial-de-ovos/20171113-144114-a215|title=Brasil é sétimo maior produtor mundial de ovos|website=Avicultura Industrial}}</ref>

Agribusiness contributes to Brazil's [[trade balance]], in spite of [[trade barrier]]s and subsidizing policies adopted by the developed countries.<ref name = "BGA"/>

In the space of fifty five years (1950 to 2005), the population of Brazil grew from 51 million to approximately 187&nbsp;million inhabitants,<ref>[http://www.ibge.gov.br/english/disseminacao/online/popclock/popclock.php Popclock] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070430010335/http://www.ibge.gov.br/english/disseminacao/online/popclock/popclock.php |date=30 April 2007 }} IBGE</ref> an increase of over 2 percent per year. Brazil created and expanded a complex [[agribusiness]] sector.<ref name = "BGA"/> However, some of this is at the expense of the environment, including the [[Amazon Basin|Amazon]].

The importance given to the rural producer takes place in the shape of the agricultural and cattle-raising plan and through another specific subsidy program geared towards family agriculture Programa de Fortalecimento da Agricultura Familiar (Pronaf), which guarantees financing for equipment and cultivation and encourages the use of new technology. With regards to family agriculture, over 800 thousand rural inhabitants are assisted by credit, research and extension programs. A special line of credit is available for women and young farmers.<ref name = "BGA"/>
[[Image:Pecuária PR Avicultura em Santa Helena.jpg|thumb|right|Brazil is the world's largest exporter of [[chicken meat]]. Farm in [[Southern Brazil]].]]
With The Land Reform Program, on the other hand, the country's objective is to provide suitable living and working conditions for families who live in areas allotted by the State, an initiative capable of generating [[Employment|jobs]]. Through partnerships, public policies and international partnerships, the government is working towards guaranteeing [[infrastructure]] for the settlements, following the examples of schools and health outlets. The idea is that access to land represents just the first step towards the implementation of a quality land reform program.<ref name = "BGA"/>

Over 600,000&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup> of land are divided into approximately five thousand areas of rural [[property]]; an agricultural area currently with three borders: the [[Central-West Region, Brazil|Central-western region]] ([[savannah]]), the [[North Region, Brazil|northern region]] (area of transition) and parts of the [[Northeast Region, Brazil|northeastern region]] (semi-arid). At the forefront of grain crops, which produce over 110 million tonnes/year, is the [[soybean]], yielding 50&nbsp;million tonnes.<ref name = "BGA"/>

In the cattle-raising sector, the "green ox," which is raised in pastures, on a diet of hay and mineral salts, conquered markets in Asia, Europe and the Americas, particularly after the "[[Bovine spongiform encephalopathy|mad cow disease]]" scare period. Brazil has the largest cattle herd in the world, with 198 million heads,<ref>[http://www.brasil.gov.br/ingles/about_brazil/indicators/ Indicators] Brazilian Government. Retrieved on 24 October 2011.</ref> responsible for exports of more than US$1&nbsp;billion/year.<ref name = "BGA"/>

A pioneer and leader in the manufacture of short-fiber timber [[cellulose]], Brazil has also achieved positive results within the packaging sector, in which it is the fifth largest world producer. In the foreign markets, it answers for 25 percent of global exports of raw cane and refined sugar; it is the world leader in [[soybean]] exports and is responsible for 80 percent of the planet's [[orange juice]], and since 2003, has had the highest sales figures for beef and chicken.<ref name="BGA">[http://www.brasil.gov.br/ingles/about_brazil/brasil_topics/ Agriculture] Brazilian Government. Retrieved on 24 October 2011.</ref>

===Mining===
{{Main|Mining in Brazil}}
[[Image:MINA DE OURO - REJEITO DE MINERAÇÃO.jpg|thumb|right|[[Gold]] production in the area of [[Pantanal]].]]
In the mining sector, Brazil stands out in the extraction of [[iron ore]] (where it is the world's second largest exporter), [[copper]], [[gold]], [[bauxite]] (one of the 5 largest producers in the world), [[manganese]] (one of the 5 largest producers in the world), [[tin]] (one of the largest producers in the world), [[niobium]] (concentrates 98% of reserves known to the world) and [[nickel]]. In terms of gemstones, Brazil is the world's largest producer of [[amethyst]], [[topaz]], [[agate]] and one of the main producers of [[tourmaline]], [[emerald]], [[aquamarine (gemstone)|aquamarine]], [[garnet]] and [[opal]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.br/anm/pt-br/pagina-inicial|title=ANM|website=gov.br Agência Nacional de Mineração}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://noticias.r7.com/brasil/brasil-extrai-cerca-de-2-gramas-de-ouro-por-habitante-em-5-anos-29062019|title=Brasil extrai cerca de 2 gramas de ouro por habitante em 5 anos|date=29 June 2019|website=R7.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://g1.globo.com/Noticias/Economia_Negocios/0,,MUL190262-9356,00-VOTORANTIM+METAIS+ADQUIRE+RESERVAS+DE+ZINCO+DA+MASA.html|title=G1 > Economia e Negócios - NOTÍCIAS - Votorantim Metais adquire reservas de zinco da Masa|website=g1.globo.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://g1.globo.com/economia/noticia/2019/12/12/niobio-g1-visita-em-mg-complexo-industrial-do-maior-produtor-do-mundo.ghtml|title=Nióbio: G1 visita em MG complexo industrial do maior produtor do mundo|website=G1}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cprm.gov.br/publique/Redes-Institucionais/Rede-de-Bibliotecas---Rede-Ametista/Algumas-Gemas-Classicas-1104.html|title=Serviço Geológico do Brasil|website=cprm.gov.br}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://noticias.band.uol.com.br/noticias/100000911432/rio-grande-do-sul-o-maior-exportador-de-pedras-preciosas-do-brasil.html|title=Rio Grande do Sul: o maior exportador de pedras preciosas do Brasil|website=Band.com.br}}</ref>

In 2019, Brazil's figures were as follows: it was the world's largest producer of [[niobium]] (88.9 thousand tons);<ref>{{cite web| url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-niobium.pdf| title = USGS Niobium Production Statistics}}</ref> the 2nd largest world producer of [[tantalum]] (430 tons);<ref>{{cite web| url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-tantalum.pdf| title = USGS Tantalum Production Statistics}}</ref> the 2nd largest world producer of [[iron ore]] (405 million tons);<ref>{{cite web| url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-iron-ore.pdf| title = USGS Iron Ore Production Statistics}}</ref> the 4th largest world producer of [[manganese]] (1.74 million tons);<ref>{{cite web| url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-manganese.pdf| title = USGS Manganese Production Statistics}}</ref> the 4th largest world producer of [[bauxite]] (34 million tons);<ref>{{cite web| url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-bauxite-alumina.pdf| title = USGS Bauxite Production Statistics}}</ref> the 4th largest world producer of [[vanadium]] (5.94 thousand tons);<ref>{{cite web| url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-vanadium.pdf| title = USGS Vanadium Production Statistics}}</ref> the 5th largest world producer of [[lithium]] (2.4 thousand tons);<ref>{{cite web| url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-lithium.pdf| title = USGS Lithium Production Statistics}}</ref> the 6th largest world producer of [[tin]] (14 thousand tons);<ref>{{cite web| url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-tin.pdf| title = USGS Tin Production Statistics}}</ref> the 8th largest world producer of [[nickel]] (60.6 thousand tons);<ref>{{cite web| url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-nickel.pdf| title = USGS Nickel Production Statistics}}</ref> the 8th largest world producer of [[phosphate]] (4.7 million tons);<ref>{{cite web| url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-phosphate.pdf| title = USGS Phosphate Production Statistics}}</ref> the 12th largest world producer of [[gold]] (90 tons);<ref>{{cite web| url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-gold.pdf| title = USGS Gold Production Statistics}}</ref> the 14th largest world producer of [[copper]] (360 thousand tons);<ref>{{cite web| url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-copper.pdf| title = USGS Copper Production Statistics}}</ref><ref name="Anuario Mineral Brasileiro">{{cite web| url = https://www.gov.br/anm/pt-br/centrais-de-conteudo/publicacoes/serie-estatisticas-e-economia-mineral/anuario-mineral/anuario-mineral-brasileiro| title = Anuario Mineral Brasileiro}}</ref> the 14th largest world producer of [[titanium]] (25 thousand tons);<ref>{{cite web| url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-titanium.pdf| title = USGS Titanium Production Statistics}}</ref> the 13th largest world producer of [[gypsum]] (3 million tons);<ref>{{cite web| url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-gypsum.pdf| title = USGS Gypsum Production Statistics}}</ref> the 3rd largest world producer of [[graphite]] (96 thousand tons);<ref>{{cite web| url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-graphite.pdf| title = USGS Graphite Production Statistics}}</ref> the 21st largest world producer of [[sulfur]] (500 thousand tons);<ref>{{cite web| url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-sulfur.pdf| title = USGS Sulfur Production Statistics}}</ref> the 9th largest world producer of [[salt]] (7.4 million tons);<ref>{{cite web| url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-salt.pdf| title = USGS Salt Production Statistics }}</ref> besides having had a [[chromium]] production of 200 thousand tons.<ref name="Anuario Mineral Brasileiro"/>

=== Industry ===
{{Main|Industry in Brazil}}
{| width="25%" style="toc: 25em; font-size: 85%; lucida grande, sans-serif; text-align: left;" class="wikitable floatright"
|+Industrial production
|-
! style="background:#f0f0f0; text-align:left; vertical-align:top"| Main industries
| style="background:#f0f0f0; vertical-align:top"| textiles, shoes, chemicals, cement, lumber, iron ore, tin, steel, aircraft, armaments, motor vehicles and parts, other machinery and equipment
|-
!style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top"|Industrial growth rate
|style="vertical-align:top"| 1.1% (2018)<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.gov.br/pt-br/noticias/financas-impostos-e-gestao-publica/2019/02/producao-industrial-registra-crescimento-em-2018-aponta-ibge| title = Industrial production registers growth in 2018, IBGE}}</ref>
|-
! style="background:#f0f0f0; text-align:left; vertical-align:top"|Labor force
| style="background:#f0f0f0; vertical-align:top"| 13.3% of total labor force
|-
!style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top"|GDP of sector
|style="vertical-align:top"| 22.2% of total GDP
|}
[[File:Untitled (Vibro Air) Embraer EMB-135BJ Legacy D-AVIB (5024079232).jpg|thumb|200px|[[Embraer Legacy 600]] jet manufactured by [[Embraer]]]]
[[File:Embraer KC-390, Paris Air Show 2019, Le Bourget (SIAE0824).jpg|thumb|Embraer KC-390 military transport aircraft.]]
[[File:Guarani (6125539182).jpg|thumb|VBTP-MR Guarani armoured personnel carrier.]]
Brazil has the second-largest manufacturing sector in the Americas. Accounting for 28.5 percent of GDP, Brazil's industries range from automobiles, steel and petrochemicals to computers, aircraft, and [[consumer durable]]s. With increased economic stability provided by the [[Plano Real]], Brazilian and multinational businesses have invested heavily in new equipment and technology, a large proportion of which has been purchased from U.S. firms.

The [[World Bank]] lists the main producing countries each year, based on the total production value. According to the 2019 list, Brazil has the 13th most valuable industry in the world (US$173.6 billion). In the [[Americas]], it is second only to the United States (2nd place) and Mexico (12th place).<ref>{{cite web| url = https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NV.IND.MANF.CD?most_recent_value_desc=true| title = Manufacturing, added value (current US $)}}</ref> In the [[food industry]], in 2019, Brazil was the second largest exporter of processed foods in the world.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://alimentosprocessados.com.br/industria-na-sociedade-brasileira.php|title=Alimentos Processados {{pipe}} A indústria de alimentos e bebidas na sociedade brasileira atual|website=alimentosprocessados.com.br}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://g1.globo.com/economia/noticia/2020/02/18/faturamento-da-industria-de-alimentos-cresceu-67percent-em-2019.ghtml|title=Faturamento da indústria de alimentos cresceu 6,7% em 2019|website=G1|date=18 February 2020 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br/economia/noticia/2020-02/industria-de-alimentos-e-bebidas-faturaram-r-6999-bi-em-2019|title=Indústria de alimentos e bebidas faturou R$ 699,9 bi em 2019|date=18 February 2020|website=Agência Brasil}}</ref> In 2016, the country was the 2nd largest producer of [[Pulp (paper)|pulp]] in the world and the 8th producer of [[paper]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://valor.globo.com/empresas/noticia/2020/02/21/producao-nacional-de-celulose-cai-66percent-em-2019-aponta-iba.ghtml|title=Produção nacional de celulose cai 6,6% em 2019, aponta Ibá|website=Valor Econômico|date=21 February 2020 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.celuloseonline.com.br/sabe-qual-e-o-estado-brasileiro-que-mais-produz-madeira-nao-e-sao-paulo/|title=Sabe qual é o estado brasileiro que mais produz Madeira?|date=9 October 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://g1.globo.com/espirito-santo/noticia/sao-mateus-e-o-6-maior-produtor-de-madeira-em-tora-para-papel-e-celulose-no-pais-diz-ibge.ghtml|title=São Mateus é o 6º maior produtor de madeira em tora para papel e celulose no país, diz IBGE|website=G1|date=28 September 2017 }}</ref> In the [[footwear industry]], in 2019, Brazil ranked 4th among world producers.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://g1.globo.com/sp/ribeirao-preto-franca/noticia/2019/07/14/industrias-calcadistas-em-franca-sp-registram-queda-de-40percent-nas-vagas-de-trabalho-em-6-anos.ghtml|title=Indústrias calçadistas em Franca, SP registram queda de 40% nas vagas de trabalho em 6 anos|website=G1|date=14 July 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fenac.com.br/producao-de-calcados-deve-crescer-3-em-2019|title=Fenac - Centro de Eventos e Negócios {{pipe}} Produção de calçados deve crescer 3% em 2019|first=Agência Maya: Criação de Sites e Marketing|last=Digital|website=fenac.com.br}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.abicalcados.com.br/noticia/abicalcados-apresenta-relatorio-setorial-2019|title=Abicalçados apresenta Relatório Setorial 2019|website=abicalcados.com.br|access-date=31 October 2020|archive-date=22 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200422064032/https://www.abicalcados.com.br/noticia/abicalcados-apresenta-relatorio-setorial-2019|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fazcomex.com.br/blog/exportacao-de-calcados-saiba-mais/|title=Exportação de Calçados: Saiba mais|date=27 February 2020}}</ref> In 2019, the country was the 8th producer of [[vehicles]] and the 9th producer of [[steel]] in the world.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://diariodocomercio.com.br/livre/minas-gerais-produz-323-do-aco-nacional-em-2019/|title=Minas Gerais produz 32,3% do aço nacional em 2019|first=Diário do|last=Comércio|date=24 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.istoedinheiro.com.br/o-novo-mapa-das-montadoras/|title=O novo mapa das montadoras, que agora rumam para o interior do País|date=8 March 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://g1.globo.com/rj/sul-do-rio-costa-verde/noticia/industria-automobilistica-do-sul-do-rio-impulsiona-superavit-na-economia.ghtml|title=Indústria automobilística do Sul do Rio impulsiona superavit na economia|website=G1|date=12 July 2017 }}</ref> In 2018, the [[chemical industry]] of Brazil was the 8th in the world.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pwc.com.br/pt/publicacoes/setores-atividade/assets/quimico-petroquimico/2013/pwc-chemicals-port-13.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.pwc.com.br/pt/publicacoes/setores-atividade/assets/quimico-petroquimico/2013/pwc-chemicals-port-13.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live|title=Indústria Química no Brasil}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/br/Documents/energy-resources/Deloitte-Abiquim-Setor-Quimico-Relatorio.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/br/Documents/energy-resources/Deloitte-Abiquim-Setor-Quimico-Relatorio.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live|title=Estudo de 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economia.uol.com.br/noticias/estadao-conteudo/2020/02/03/producao-nacional-da-industria-de-quimicos-cai-57-em-2019-diz-abiquim.htm|title=Produção nacional da indústria de químicos cai 5,7% em 2019, diz Abiquim|website=economia.uol.com.br}}</ref> In [[textile industry]], Brazil, although it was among the 5 largest world producers in 2013, is very little integrated in world trade.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bnb.gov.br/documents/80223/2509338/textil_16_2017%28V2%29.pdf/063d7521-342f-e81e-232a-e251964fa1c3 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.bnb.gov.br/documents/80223/2509338/textil_16_2017%28V2%29.pdf/063d7521-342f-e81e-232a-e251964fa1c3 |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live|title=Industria Textil no Brasil}}</ref> In the aviation sector, Brazil has [[Embraer]], the third largest aircraft manufacturer in the world, behind [[Boeing]] and [[Airbus]].

Brazil has a diverse and sophisticated services industry as well. During the early 1990s, the banking sector accounted for as much as 16 percent of the GDP. Although undergoing a major overhaul, Brazil's financial services industry provides local businesses with a wide range of products and is attracting numerous new entrants, including U.S. financial firms. On 8 May 2008, the São Paulo Stock Exchange ([[Bovespa]]) and the São Paulo-based Brazilian Mercantile and Futures Exchange (BM&F) merged, creating [[BM&F Bovespa]], one of the largest stock exchanges in the world. Also, the previously monopolistic reinsurance sector is being opened up to third-party companies.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/folha/dinheiro/ult91u113719.shtml|title=Government breaks reinsurance monopoly, discards privatization (in Portuguese)|access-date=29 April 2008}}</ref> {{As of|2005|alt=As of}} 31 December 2007, there were an estimated 21,304,000 broadband lines in Brazil. Over 75 percent of the broadband lines were via [[digital subscriber line|DSL]] and 10 percent via cable modems. Proven mineral resources are extensive. Large iron and manganese reserves are important sources of industrial raw materials and export earnings. Deposits of nickel, tin, chromite, uranium, bauxite, beryllium, copper, lead, tungsten, zinc, gold, and other minerals are exploited. High-quality [[Coking coal|coking-grade coal]] required in the steel industry is in short supply.

In the last years, the [[Arms industry|defence industry]] in Brazil achieved prominence with exports of more than US$1 billion per year and sales abroad of high-technology products like the transport jet [[Embraer C-390 Millennium]], the [[Embraer EMB 314 Super Tucano]], a light [[attack aircraft]], the 6×6 armoured personnel carrier [[VBTP-MR Guarani]] and others armaments like pistols and rifles by the company [[Taurus Armas]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.br/defesa/pt-br/centrais-de-conteudo/noticias/exportacoes-de-produtos-de-defesa-somam-us-1-1-bilhao-este-ano-e-superam-em-mais-de-60-o-total-do-ano-passado |title=Exportações de produtos de defesa somam US$ 1,1 bilhão este ano e superam em mais de 60% o total do ano passado|date=26 September 2023}}</ref><ref name="DF21">{{Cite web |url=https://www.taurusri.com.br/Download.aspx?Arquivo=KO2kCzyUcYSN3TAmYZtsHw== |title=2021 Management Report |date=March 15, 2022 |accessdate=July 29, 2022 |publisher=Taurus IR |website= |pages=3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 23, 41, 78 |language=en}}</ref> [[Embraer]] is one the world's top 100 [[defense contractors]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Top 100 {{!}} Defense News |url=https://people.defensenews.com/top-100/ |access-date=2023-07-25 |website= Defensenews.com}}</ref>

=== Creative Industries ===
{{See also|Creative industry in Brazil}}
The first study into the impact of the [[Creative industries|Creative Industries]] on the Brazilian economy was published by [[FIRJAN]].<ref name="MIC">{{cite web|title=Indústria Criativa - Mapeamento da Indústria Criativa no Brasil (PDF - 1,85 MB)|url=http://www.firjan.org.br/economiacriativa/download/Analise_completa.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130810083733/http://www.firjan.org.br/economiacriativa/download/Analise_completa.pdf|archive-date=10 August 2013|website=FIRJAN, Sistema (2012)|accessdate=16 December 2013}}</ref> The creative economy in Latin America was termed the "[[Orange Economy]]"<ref>{{Cite web|last=Restrepo, Márquez|first=Felipe Buitrago, Iván Duque|date=2013|title=The Orange Economy • An Infinite Opportunity|url=https://publications.iadb.org/publications/english/document/The-Orange-Economy-An-Infinite-Opportunity.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://publications.iadb.org/publications/english/document/The-Orange-Economy-An-Infinite-Opportunity.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live|access-date=29 December 2021|publisher=Inter-American Development Bank}}</ref> in a publication released by the [[Inter-American Development Bank]] (IDB). This 2013 study valued Brazil's Orange Economy at US$66.87 billion providing 5,280,000 jobs and responsible for US$9.414 million in exports, with the value of creative exports being higher than the US$8.016 million value of coffee exports over the same period.
[[File:Lençóis Maranhenses 2018 (cropped).jpg|thumb|[[Lençóis Maranhenses National Park|Lençóis Maranhenses]].]]
A 2021 study into the [[Intellectual property|Intellectual Property]] Intensive Sectors in the Brazilian Economy<ref name=":02">{{Cite web|last=Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Industrial|date=March 2021|title=Setores Intensivos em Direitos de Propriedade Intelectual na Economia Brasileira|url=https://www.gov.br/inpi/pt-br/central-de-conteudo/estatisticas-e-estudos-economicos/arquivos/publicacoes/setores-intensivos-em-direitos-de-propriedade-intelectual.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.gov.br/inpi/pt-br/central-de-conteudo/estatisticas-e-estudos-economicos/arquivos/publicacoes/setores-intensivos-em-direitos-de-propriedade-intelectual.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live|access-date=29 December 2021|publisher=Government of Brazil}}</ref> was undertaken as part of the National Strategy on Intellectual Property 2021–2030.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=Grupo Interministerial de Propriedade Intelectual|title=Estratégia Nacional de Propriedade Intelectual 2021-2030|url=https://www.gov.br/inpi/pt-br/central-de-conteudo/noticias/cerimonia-marca-50-anos-do-inpi-e-lancamento-da-estrategia-nacional-de-propriedade-intelectual/EstratgiaNacionaldePropriedadeIntelectual.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201212021657/https://www.gov.br/inpi/pt-br/central-de-conteudo/noticias/cerimonia-marca-50-anos-do-inpi-e-lancamento-da-estrategia-nacional-de-propriedade-intelectual/EstratgiaNacionaldePropriedadeIntelectual.pdf |archive-date=2020-12-12 |url-status=live|access-date=29 December 2021|publisher=Government of Brazil}}</ref> The study found that 450 of the 673 economic classes could be classified as IP-intensive sectors that collectively employed 19.3 million people. The share of GDP between 2014 and 2016 across these economic classes amounted to R$2.1 trillion ''reais'' or 44.2% of GDP over this time.

=== Tourism ===
{{main|Tourism in Brazil}}
In the list of world tourist destinations, in 2018, Brazil was the 48th most visited country, with 6.6 million tourists (and revenues of 5.9 billion dollars). Tourism in [[South America]] as a whole is still underdeveloped: in Europe, for example, countries obtain annual tourism figures like $73.7 billion (Spain), receiving 82.7 million tourists or 67.3 billion (France), receiving 89.4 million tourists. While Europe received 710 million tourists in 2018, Asia 347 million and North America 142.2 million, South America received only 37 million, Central America 10.8 million and the Caribbean 25.7 million.<ref>{{cite book| url = https://www.e-unwto.org/doi/pdf/10.18111/9789284421152| title = Highlights of international tourism| year = 2019| publisher = World Tourism Organization (UNWTO)| doi = 10.18111/9789284421152| isbn = 9789284421152| s2cid = 240665765}}</ref>

=== Largest companies ===
{{See also|List of companies of Brazil|List of largest Brazilian companies}}
{{multiple image
| align             = center
| direction         = horizontal
| width             = 200
| image1            = Avenida Brigadeiro Faria Lima4.jpg
| image2            = Avenida Paulista - chão.jpg
| footer            = [[Avenida Brigadeiro Faria Lima]], [[Avenida Paulista]] and [[Brooklin Novo]], in [[São Paulo]], are the largest economic and financial centers in the country.
| image3            = 14 06 2019 Foto do dia (48063388692).jpg
}}
[[File:Marginal Pinheiros e Jockey Club.jpg|thumb|[[São Paulo]] is the largest [[Financial centre|financial center]] in the country and one of the largest in the world.]]
In 2017, 20 Brazilian companies were listed in the [[Forbes Global 2000]] list – an annual ranking of the top 2000 public companies in the world by [[Forbes magazine]] based on a combination of sales, assets, profit, and market value.<ref name="fg2-2017">{{cite news | title=Forbes Global 2000: Brazil | url=https://www.forbes.com/global2000/list/#country:Brazil | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110423003358/http://www.forbes.com/global2000/list#country:Brazil | url-status=dead | archive-date=23 April 2011 | date=5 June 2017}}</ref> The 20 companies listed were:

{| class="wikitable" sortable"
|- style="background-color:#efefef;"
!World Rank !! Company !! Industry !! Revenue <br /> (billion $) !! Profits <br /> (billion $) !! Assets <br /> (billion $) !! Market Value <br /> (billion $) !! Headquarters
|-style="text-align:right"
|38 || style="text-align:left" | [[Itaú Unibanco|Banco Itaú Unibanco]] || style="text-align:left" | Banking || 61.3 || 6.7 || 419.9  || 79.2 || style="text-align:left" | [[São Paulo]]
|-style="text-align:right"
|62 || style="text-align:left" | [[Banco Bradesco]] || style="text-align:left" | Banking || 70.2 || 4.3  || 362.4  || 53.5 || style="text-align:left" | [[Osasco]], [[São Paulo (state)|SP]]
|-style="text-align:right"
|132 || style="text-align:left" | [[Banco do Brasil]] || style="text-align:left" | Banking || 57.3  || 2.3  || 430.6  || 29 || style="text-align:left" | [[Brasília]]
|-style="text-align:right"
|156 || style="text-align:left" | [[Vale (mining company)|Vale]] || style="text-align:left" | Mining || 27.1 || 3.8 || 99.1 || 45.4 || style="text-align:left" | [[Rio de Janeiro]]
|-style="text-align:right"
|399 || style="text-align:left" | [[Petrobras]] || style="text-align:left" | Oil & Gas || 81.1 || −4.3 || 247.3  || 61.3 || style="text-align:left" | [[Rio de Janeiro]]
|-style="text-align:right"
|610|| style="text-align:left" | [[Eletrobras]] || style="text-align:left" | Utilities || 17.4  || 0.983 || 52.4 || 7.2 || style="text-align:left" | [[Rio de Janeiro]]
|-style="text-align:right"
|791 || style="text-align:left" | [[Itaúsa]] || style="text-align:left" | Conglomerate || 1.3 || 2.4 || 18.1 || 23 || style="text-align:left" | [[São Paulo]]
|-style="text-align:right"
|895 || style="text-align:left" | [[JBS S.A.|JBS]] || style="text-align:left" | Food Processing || 48.9 || 0.108 || 31.6  || 8.2 || style="text-align:left" | [[São Paulo]]
|-style="text-align:right"
|981|| style="text-align:left" | [[Ultrapar]] || style="text-align:left" | Conglomerate || 22.2 || 0.448 || 7.4 || 12.5 || style="text-align:left" | [[São Paulo]]
|-style="text-align:right"
|1103 || style="text-align:left" | [[Cielo S.A.|Cielo]] || style="text-align:left" | Financial services || 3.5 || 1.1 || 9.4 || 20.9 || style="text-align:left" | [[Barueri]], [[São Paulo|SP]]
|-style="text-align:right"
|1233 || style="text-align:left" | [[Braskem]] || style="text-align:left" | Chemicals || 13.8 || −0.136 || 15.9 || 7.9 || style="text-align:left" | [[São Paulo]]
|-style="text-align:right"
|1325 || style="text-align:left" | [[BRF S.A.|BRF]] || style="text-align:left" | Food processing || 9.7 || −0.107 || 13.8 || 9.3 || style="text-align:left" | [[Itajaí]], [[Santa Catarina (state)|SC]]
|-style="text-align:right"
|1436 || style="text-align:left" | [[Sabesp]] || style="text-align:left" | Waste Management || 4 || 0.846 || 11.6 || 7.4 || style="text-align:left" | [[São Paulo]]
|-style="text-align:right"
|1503 || style="text-align:left" | [[Oi (telecommunications)|Oi]] || style="text-align:left" | Telecommunications || 7.5 || −2 || 25.2 || 0.952 || style="text-align:left" | [[Rio de Janeiro]]
|-style="text-align:right"
|1515 || style="text-align:left" | [[Gerdau]] || style="text-align:left" | Iron & Steel || 10.8 || −0.395 || 16.8 || 1.4 || style="text-align:left" | [[Porto Alegre]], [[Rio Grande do Sul|RS]]
|-style="text-align:right"
|1545 || style="text-align:left" | [[Companhia Brasileira de Distribuição|CBD]] || style="text-align:left" | Retail || 12 || 0.139 || 13.9 || 5.9 || style="text-align:left" | [[São Paulo]]
|-style="text-align:right"
|1572 || style="text-align:left" | [[CCR S.A.|CCR]] || style="text-align:left" | Transportation || 2.9 || 0.429 || 7.5 || 11.5 || style="text-align:left" | [[São Paulo]]
|-style="text-align:right"
|1597 || style="text-align:left" | [[Bovespa]] || style="text-align:left" | Stock Exchange || 0.666 || 0.415 || 9.7 || 12.8 || style="text-align:left" | [[São Paulo]]
|-style="text-align:right"
|1735 || style="text-align:left" | [[CPFL Energia]] || style="text-align:left" | Electricity || 5.4 || 0.258 || 13 || 8.4 || style="text-align:left" | [[Campinas]], [[São Paulo|SP]]
|-style="text-align:right"
|1895 || style="text-align:left" | [[Cogna Educação]] || style="text-align:left" | Higher Education || 1.5 || 0.535 || 5.4 || 7.1 || style="text-align:left" | [[Belo Horizonte]], [[Minas Gerais|MG]]
|}

=== Energy ===
{{Main|Energy policy of Brazil|Renewable energy in Brazil}}
[[File:Energia Eolica.jpg|thumb|right|[[Wind power]] in [[Parnaíba]].]]
[[File:Usina solar de Pirapora 2.gif|thumb|Pirapora Solar Complex, the largest in Brazil and Latin America, with a capacity of 321 MW.]]
The Brazilian government has undertaken an ambitious program to reduce dependence on imported petroleum. Imports previously accounted for more than 70% of the country's oil needs but Brazil became self-sufficient in oil in 2006–2007. Brazil was the 10th largest oil producer in the world in 2019, with 2.8 million barrels / day. Production manages to supply the country's demand.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.eia.gov/international/data/world/petroleum-and-other-liquids/annual-petroleum-and-other-liquids-production?pd=5&p=0000000000000000000000000000000000vg&u=0&f=A&v=mapbubble&a=-&i=none&vo=value&&t=C&g=00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001&l=249-ruvvvvvfvtvnvv1vrvvvvfvvvvvvfvvvou20evvvvvvvvvvnvvvs0008&s=94694400000&e=1546300800000| title = Production of Crude Oil including Lease Condensate 2019}}</ref> In the beginning of 2020, in the production of [[Petroleum|oil]] and [[natural gas]], the country exceeded 4 million barrels of oil equivalent per day, for the first time. In January this year, 3.168 million barrels of oil per day and 138.753 million cubic meters of natural gas were extracted.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.anp.gov.br/noticias/5628-producao-de-petroleo-e-gas-no-brasil-ultrapassa-4-milhoes-de-boe-d-pela-primeira-vez|title=Produção de petróleo e gás no Brasil ultrapassa 4 milhões de boe/d pela primeira vez|website=anp.gov.br|access-date=31 October 2020|archive-date=20 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220091405/http://www.anp.gov.br/noticias/5628-producao-de-petroleo-e-gas-no-brasil-ultrapassa-4-milhoes-de-boe-d-pela-primeira-vez|url-status=dead}}</ref>[[File:ItaipuAerea2AAL.jpg|thumb|[[Itaipu Dam]] in [[Paraná (state)|Paraná]].|left]]Brazil is one of the main world producers of [[hydroelectricity|hydroelectric power]]. In 2019, Brazil had 217 hydroelectric plants in operation, with an installed capacity of 98,581 MW, 60.16% of the country's energy generation.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://cbie.com.br/artigos/quantas-usinas-geradoras-de-energia-temos-no-brasil/| title = How many power plants do we have in Brazil?| date = 5 April 2019}}</ref> In the total generation of electricity, in 2019 Brazil reached 170,000 megawatts of installed capacity, more than 75% from renewable sources (the majority, hydroelectric).<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.aneel.gov.br/sala-de-imprensa-exibicao/-/asset_publisher/XGPXSqdMFHrE/content/brasil-alcanca-170-mil-megawatts-de-capacidade-instalada-em-2019/656877?inheritRedirect=false| title = Brasil alcança 170 mil megawatts de capacidade instalada em 2019| access-date = 31 October 2020| archive-date = 13 April 2021| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210413193140/https://www.aneel.gov.br/sala-de-imprensa-exibicao/-/asset_publisher/XGPXSqdMFHrE/content/brasil-alcanca-170-mil-megawatts-de-capacidade-instalada-em-2019/656877?inheritRedirect=false| url-status = dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.energiaeambiente.org.br/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/IEMA-AGUA_vFinal.pdf| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180401075849/http://www.energiaeambiente.org.br/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/IEMA-AGUA_vFinal.pdf| url-status = dead| archive-date = 2018-04-01| title = IEMA (Instituto de Energia e Meio Ambiente),2016.Série TERMOELETRICIDADE EM FOCO: Uso de água em termoelétricas}}</ref>[[File:Angra dos Reis - usinas nucleares.jpg|thumb|[[Angra Nuclear Power Plant]] in [[Angra dos Reis]], [[Rio de Janeiro (state)|Rio de Janeiro]]]]In 2013, the [[Southeast Region, Brazil|Southeast Region]] used about 50% of the load of the National Integrated System (SIN), being the main energy consuming region in the country. The region's installed electricity generation capacity totaled almost 42,500 MW, which represented about a third of Brazil's generation capacity. The [[hydroelectric]] generation represented 58% of the region's installed capacity, with the remaining 42% corresponding basically to the [[thermoelectric]] generation. São Paulo accounted for 40% of this capacity; Minas Gerais by about 25%; Rio de Janeiro by 13.3%; and Espírito Santo accounted for the rest. The [[South Region, Brazil|South Region]] owns the [[Itaipu Dam]], which was the largest hydroelectric plant in the world for several years, until the inauguration of [[Three Gorges Dam]] in China. It remains the second largest operating [[hydroelectric]] in the world. Brazil is the co-owner of the Itaipu Plant with [[Paraguay]]: the dam is located on the [[Paraná River]], located on the border between countries. It has an installed generation capacity of 14 [[Watt|GW]] for 20 generating units of 700 [[Watt|MW]] each. [[North Region, Brazil|North Region]] has large hydroelectric plants, such as [[Belo Monte Dam]] and [[Tucuruí Dam]], which produce much of the national energy. Brazil's hydroelectric potential has not yet been fully exploited, so the country still has the capacity to build several renewable energy plants in its territory.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://web.bndes.gov.br/bib/jspui/bitstream/1408/4401/1/O%20BNDES%20e%20a%20quest%C3%A3o%20energ%C3%A9tica%20e%20logistica%20na%20Regi%C3%A3o%20Sudeste_5_P.pdf| title = O BNDES e a questão energética e logística da Região Sudeste}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/hybiggest.html| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060519000659/http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/hybiggest.html| url-status = dead| archive-date = 2006-05-19| title = Power: World's biggest hydroelectric facility}}</ref>[[File:Oil platform P-51 (Brazil).jpg|thumb|right|Oil platform P-51 of [[Petrobras]].]]{{As of|2022|07|url=http://www.ons.org.br/paginas/conhecimento/acervo-digital/documentos-e-publicacoes|post=,}} according to ONS, total installed capacity of [[wind power]] was 22 GW, with average [[capacity factor]] of 58%.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ons.org.br/AcervoDigitalDocumentosEPublicacoes/Boletim%20Mensal%20de%20Gera%C3%A7%C3%A3o%20E%C3%B3lica%202021-06.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://www.ons.org.br/AcervoDigitalDocumentosEPublicacoes/Boletim%20Mensal%20de%20Gera%C3%A7%C3%A3o%20E%C3%B3lica%202021-06.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live|title=Boletim Mensal de Geração Eólica Junho/2021|language=pt|date=1 July 2021|publisher=Operador Nacional do Sistema Elétrico – ONS|pages=6, 14|access-date=3 August 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://megawhat.energy/news/147158/eolica-supera-22-gw-em-operacao-no-brasil|title=Eólica supera 22 GW em operação no Brasil|date=21 July 2022|publisher=Megawhar|access-date=2 August 2022|language=pt-br}}</ref> While the world average wind production capacity factors is 24.7%, there are areas in Northern Brazil, specially in Bahia State, where some wind farms record with average capacity factors over 60%;<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.brasil.gov.br/noticias/infraestrutura/2014/12/brasil-e-o-pais-com-melhor-fator-de-aproveitamento-da-energia-eolica|title=Brasil é o país com melhor fator de aproveitamento da energia eólica|work=Governo do Brasil|access-date=7 October 2018|language=pt-BR|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007223102/http://www.brasil.gov.br/noticias/infraestrutura/2014/12/brasil-e-o-pais-com-melhor-fator-de-aproveitamento-da-energia-eolica|archive-date=7 October 2018}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> the average capacity factor in the [[Northeast Region, Brazil|Northeast Region]] is 45% in the coast and 49% in the interior.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.epe.gov.br/sites-pt/publicacoes-dados-abertos/publicacoes/PublicacoesArquivos/publicacao-233/topico-520/Boletim_2020_Q1.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.epe.gov.br/sites-pt/publicacoes-dados-abertos/publicacoes/PublicacoesArquivos/publicacao-233/topico-520/Boletim_2020_Q1.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live|title=Boletim Trimestral de Energia Eólica – Junho de 2020|language=pt-BR|publisher=[[Empresa de Pesquisa Energética]]|date=23 June 2020|page=4|access-date=24 October 2020}}</ref> In 2019, wind energy represented 9% of the energy generated in the country.<ref name="cbie.com.br">{{cite web| url = https://cbie.com.br/artigos/quantas-usinas-geradoras-de-energia-temos-no-brasil/| title = Quantas usinas geradoras de energia temos no Brasil?| date = 5 April 2019}}</ref> In 2019, it was estimated that the country had an estimated wind power generation potential of around 522 GW (this, only onshore), enough energy to meet three times the country's current demand.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://revistapesquisa.fapesp.br/ventos-promissores-a-caminho/| title = Ventos promissores a caminho}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://www2.ctee.com.br/brazilwindpower/2016/zpublisher/materia/?url=potencial-eolico-onshore-brasileiro-pode-ser-de-880-gw-indica-estudo-20161026| title = Brazilian onshore wind potential could be 880 GW, study indicates}}</ref> In 2021 Brazil was the 7th country in the world in terms of installed wind power (21 GW),<ref name="Renewable Capacity Statistics 2021">[https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2021/Apr/IRENA_RE_Capacity_Statistics_2021.pdf Renewable Capacity Statistics 2021]</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2022/Apr/IRENA_RE_Capacity_Statistics_2022.pdf|title=Global wind statistics|date=2022-04-22|website=IRENA|language=en-US|access-date=2022-04-22}}</ref> and the 4th largest producer of wind energy in the world (72 TWh), behind only China, USA and Germany.<ref>[[Hannah Ritchie]] and [[Max Roser]], [https://ourworldindata.org/renewable-energy Wind Power generation]</ref>

Nuclear energy accounts for about 4% of Brazil's electricity.<ref name=uic>{{cite web|publisher=Uranium Information Centre |url=http://www.uic.com.au/nip95.htm |title=Nuclear Power in Brazil. Briefing Paper # 95 |date=May 2007 |access-date=19 May 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070208105204/http://www.uic.com.au/nip95.htm |archive-date=8 February 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The nuclear power generation monopoly is owned by [[Eletronuclear|Eletronuclear (Eletrobrás Eletronuclear S/A)]], a wholly owned subsidiary of [[Eletrobrás]]. Nuclear energy is produced by [[List of nuclear reactors#Brazil|two reactors]] at [[Angra Nuclear Power Plant|Angra]]. It is located at the Central Nuclear Almirante Álvaro Alberto (CNAAA) on the Praia de Itaorna in [[Angra dos Reis]], [[Rio de Janeiro (state)|Rio de Janeiro]]. It consists of two [[pressurized water reactor]]s, Angra I, with capacity of 657 MW, connected to the power grid in 1982, and Angra II, with capacity of 1,350 MW, connected in 2000. A third reactor, Angra III, with a projected output of 1,350 MW, is planned to be finished.<ref name=merco>{{cite web |publisher=Mecropress |url=http://www.mercopress.com/Detalle.asp?NUM=9036 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120907073618/http://www.mercopress.com/Detalle.asp?NUM=9036 |url-status=dead |archive-date=7 September 2012 |title=Brazil plans to build seven nuclear reactors |date=23 October 2006 |access-date=19 May 2007 }}</ref>

{{As of|2022|10|url=http://www.ons.org.br/paginas/conhecimento/acervo-digital/documentos-e-publicacoes|post=,}} according to ONS, total installed capacity of [[photovoltaic solar]] was 21 GW, with average [[capacity factor]] of 23%.<ref>[https://canalenergia.com.br/noticias/53228183/solar-atinge-21-gw-e-r-1086-bi-em-investimentos-no-brasil Solar atinge 21 GW e R$ 108,6 bi em investimentos no Brasil]</ref> Some of the most [[Solar irradiance|irradiated]] Brazilian States are MG ("Minas Gerais"), BA ("Bahia") and GO (Goiás), which have indeed world [[Solar irradiance|irradiation]] level records.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://sharenergy.com.br/quais-melhores-regioes-brasil-para-geracao-de-energia-fotovoltaica/|title=Quais as melhores regiões do Brasil para geração de energia fotovoltaica? - Sharenergy|date=3 February 2017|work=Sharenergy|access-date=7 October 2018|language=pt-BR|archive-date=7 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007223213/http://sharenergy.com.br/quais-melhores-regioes-brasil-para-geracao-de-energia-fotovoltaica/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ons.org.br/AcervoDigitalDocumentosEPublicacoes/Boletim%20Mensal%20de%20Gera%C3%A7%C3%A3o%20Solar%202020-09.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://www.ons.org.br/AcervoDigitalDocumentosEPublicacoes/Boletim%20Mensal%20de%20Gera%C3%A7%C3%A3o%20Solar%202020-09.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live|title=Boletim Mensal de Geração Solar Fotovoltaica Setembro/2020|language=pt|date=13 October 2020|publisher=Operador Nacional do Sistema Elétrico - ONS|pages=6, 13|access-date=21 October 2020}}</ref> In 2019, solar power represented 1,27% of the energy generated in the country.<ref name="cbie.com.br"/> In 2021, Brazil was the 14th country in the world in terms of installed solar power (13 GW),<ref>[https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2022/Apr/IRENA_RE_Capacity_Statistics_2022.pdf Renewable Capacity Statistics 2022]</ref> and the 11th largest producer of solar energy in the world (16.8 TWh).<ref>[https://ourworldindata.org/renewable-energy Hannah Ritchie, Max Roser: Solar Power Generation]</ref>

In 2020, Brazil was also the 2nd largest country in the world in the production of energy through [[biomass]] (energy production from solid biofuels and renewable waste), with 15,2 GW installed.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2021/Apr/IRENA_RE_Capacity_Statistics_2021.pdf |title=Renewable Capacity Statistics 2021 page 41 | access-date = 24 May 2021}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|+Total energy consumption in [[Terrawatt-hour|Terrawatt-hours]] (TWh) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Primary energy consumption |url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/primary-energy-cons?tab=chart&country=~GHA |website=Our World in Data}}</ref>
!1970
!1980
!1990
!2000
!2010
!2020
!2023
|-
|453 
|{{Increase}}1,153 
|{{Increase}}1,566 
|{{Increase}}2,357 
|{{Increase}}3,185 
|{{Increase}}3,394 
|{{Increase}}3,854 
|-
! colspan="7" |Per capita energy consumption in [[Kilowatt-hour|Kilowatt-hours]] (KWh)<ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Energy use per person |url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/per-capita-energy-use?showSelectionOnlyInTable=1&country=~KEN |website=Our World in Data}}</ref>
|-
|4,704 
|{{Increase}}9,430 
|{{Increase}}10,391 
|{{Increase}}13,400 
|{{Increase}}16,221 
|{{Decrease}}15,921 
|{{Increase}}17,806 
|-
! colspan="7" |Oil production in [[Terrawatt-hour|Terrawatt-hours]] (TWh)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Oil production |url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/oil-production-by-country?tab=table&time=1970..latest&showSelectionOnlyInTable=1&country=~BRA |website=Our World in Data}}</ref>
|-
|102 
|{{Increase}}115 
|{{Increase}}397 
|{{Increase}}780 
|{{Increase}}1,298 
|{{Increase}}1,853 
|{{Increase}}2,136 
|}
=== Transport ===
[[File:Ilha de Mocanguê by Diego Baravelli (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|[[Rio–Niterói Bridge]].]]
[[File:Saopaulo aerea aeroportocumbica.jpg|thumb|The [[São Paulo–Guarulhos International Airport]] is connected with the [[São Paulo Metro]].]]
[[File:Port Santos.jpg|thumb|[[Port of Santos]], one of the 40 largest and [[List of busiest container ports|busiest ports]] in the world.]]

[[Transport in Brazil]] is basically carried out using the [[road]] mode, the most developed in the region. There is also a considerable infrastructure of [[ports]] and [[airports]]. The [[railway]] and [[fluvial]] sector, although it has potential, is usually treated in a secondary way.

Brazil has more than 1.7&nbsp;million km of [[roads]], of which 215,000&nbsp;km are paved, and about 17,000&nbsp;km are [[dual carriageway|divided highways]]. The two most important highways in the country are [[BR-101]] and [[BR-116]].<ref>{{cite web| url = https://anuariodotransporte.cnt.org.br/2018/#| title = Anuário CNT do transporte 2018}}</ref> Due to the [[Andes Mountains]], [[Amazon River]] and [[Amazon Forest]], there have always been difficulties in implementing transcontinental or bioceanic highways. Practically the only route that existed was the one that connected Brazil to Buenos Aires, in Argentina and later to Santiago, in Chile. However, in recent years, with the combined effort of South American countries, new routes have started to emerge, such as Brazil-Peru ([[Interoceanic Highway]]), and a new highway between Brazil, Paraguay, northern Argentina and northern Chile ([[Central Bi-Oceanic railway|Bioceanic Corridor]]).

There are more than 2,000 airports in Brazil. The country has the second largest number of airports in the world, behind only the United States. [[São Paulo/Guarulhos International Airport|São Paulo International Airport]], located in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, is the largest and busiest in the country – the airport connects São Paulo to practically all major cities around the world. Brazil has 44 international airports, such as those in [[Rio de Janeiro/Galeão International Airport|Rio de Janeiro]], [[Brasília International Airport|Brasília]], [[Belo Horizonte International Airport|Belo Horizonte]], [[Salgado Filho International Airport|Porto Alegre]], [[Hercílio Luz International Airport|Florianópolis]], [[Marechal Rondon International Airport|Cuiabá]], [[Salvador International Airport|Salvador]], [[Recife/Guararapes–Gilberto Freyre International Airport|Recife]], [[Fortaleza Airport|Fortaleza]], [[Belém/Val-de-Cans International Airport|Belém]] and [[Eduardo Gomes International Airport|Manaus]], among others. The 10 busiest airports in South America in 2017 were: São Paulo-Guarulhos (Brazil), Bogotá (Colombia), São Paulo-Congonhas (Brazil), Santiago (Chile), Lima (Peru), Brasília (Brazil), Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), Buenos Aires-Aeroparque (Argentina), Buenos Aires-Ezeiza (Argentina), and Minas Gerais (Brazil).<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.panrotas.com.br/aviacao/aeroportos/2018/10/brasil-tem-9-dos-maiores-aeroportos-da-america-latina_159919.html| title = Brasil tem 9 dos maiores aeroportos da América Latina| date = 29 October 2018}}</ref>

About [[ports]], Brazil has some of the busiest ports in South America, such as [[Port of Santos]], [[Port of Rio de Janeiro]], [[Port of Paranaguá]], [[Port of Itajaí]], [[Port of Rio Grande]], [[Port of São Francisco do Sul]] and [[Suape Port]]. The 15 busiest ports in South America are: Port of Santos (Brazil), Port of Bahia de Cartagena (Colombia), Callao (Peru), Guayaquil (Ecuador), Buenos Aires (Argentina), San Antonio (Chile), Buenaventura (Colombia), Itajaí (Brazil), Valparaíso (Chile), Montevideo (Uruguay), Paranaguá (Brazil), Rio Grande (Brazil), São Francisco do Sul (Brazil), Manaus (Brazil) and Coronel (Chile).<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.cepal.org/sites/default/files/news/files/actividad_portuaria_2018.pdf| title = Port Activity of Latin America and the Caribbean 2018}}</ref>

The Brazilian [[railway]] network has an extension of about 30,000 kilometers. It is basically used for transporting ores.<ref>{{Cite CIA World Factbook|country=Brazil|date=23 May 2022|year=2022}}</ref>

Among the main Brazilian [[waterways]], two stand out: Hidrovia Tietê-Paraná (which has a length of 2,400&nbsp;km, 1,600 on the Paraná River and 800&nbsp;km on the Tietê River, draining agricultural production from the states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Goiás and part of Rondônia, Tocantins and Minas General) and Hidrovia do Solimões-Amazonas (it has two sections: Solimões, which extends from Tabatinga to Manaus, with approximately 1600&nbsp;km, and Amazonas, which extends from Manaus to Belém, with 1650&nbsp;km.

Almost entirely passenger transport from the [[Amazon basin]] is done by this waterway, in addition to practically all cargo transportation that is directed to the major regional centers of Belém and Manaus). In Brazil, this transport is still underutilized: the most important waterway stretches, from an economic point of view, are found in the Southeast and South of the country. Its full use still depends on the construction of locks, major dredging works and, mainly, of ports that allow intermodal integration.