Editing Echidna (mythology) (section)

==Offspring==
[[File:Orthos_Staatliche_Antikensammlungen_2620.jpg|thumb|Orthrus]]
[[File:Cerberus-Blake.jpeg|thumb|Cerberus, with the gluttons in [[Dante Alighieri|Dante]]'s [[Third circle of hell]]. [[William Blake]].]]

According to [[Hesiod]]'s ''[[Theogony]]'', the "terrible" and "lawless" Typhon "was joined in love to [Echidna], the maid with glancing eyes" and she bore "fierce offspring".<ref>[[Hesiod]], ''[[Theogony]]'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0130%3Acard%3D304 306&ndash;314 (Evelyn-White)]. Compare with [[Lycophron]], ''Alexandra'' [https://archive.org/stream/callimachuslycop00calluoft#page/606/mode/2up 1351 ff. (pp. 606&ndash;607)], which refers to Echidna as Typhon's spouse (''δάμαρ'').</ref> First there was [[Orthrus]],<ref>[[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], ''Library'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+2.5.10 2.5.10] also has Orthrus as the offspring of Echidna and Typhon. [[Quintus Smyrnaeus]], ''[[Posthomerica]]'' (or ''Fall of Troy'') [https://archive.org/stream/falloftroy00quin#page/272/mode/2up 6.249&ndash;262 (pp. 272&ndash;273)] has Cerberus as the offspring of Echidna and Typhon, and Orthrus as his brother.</ref> the two-headed dog who guarded the Cattle of [[Geryon]], second [[Cerberus]],<ref>[[Acusilaus]], fr. 13 Fowler (Fowler 2000, [https://books.google.com/books?id=j0nRE4C2WBgC&pg=PA11 p. 11]; Freeman, [https://books.google.com/books?id=B75GgVdxYT0C&pg=PA15 p. 15 fragment 6]), [[Bacchylides]], Ode [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0064%3Abook%3DEp%3Apoem%3D5 5.62], [[Sophocles]], ''[[Women of Trachis]]'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0196%3Acard%3D1076 1097&ndash;1099], [[Callimachus]], fragment 515 Pfeiffer (Trypanis, [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/callimachus-fragments_uncertain_location/1973/pb_LCL421.259.xml?result=2&rskey=li3r52 pp. 258&ndash;259]), [[Ovid]], ''[[Metamorphoses]]'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0028:book=4:card=481&highlight=Echidna 4.500&ndash;501], [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0028:book=7:card=404&highlight=Cerberian 7.406&ndash;409], [[Gaius Julius Hyginus|Hyginus]], ''[[Fabulae]]'' [http://www.theoi.com/Text/HyginusFabulae1.html Preface], [http://www.theoi.com/Text/HyginusFabulae4.html 151], and Quintus Smyrnaeus, ''loc. cit.'', also have Cerberus as the offspring of Echidna, though only Acusilaus, Hyginus, and Quintus Smyrnaeus mention Typhon as the father.</ref> the multiheaded dog who guarded the gates of [[Hades]], and third the [[Lernaean Hydra]],<ref>[[Gaius Julius Hyginus|Hyginus]], ''[[Fabulae]]'' [http://www.theoi.com/Text/HyginusFabulae1.html Preface],  [http://www.theoi.com/Text/HyginusFabulae1.html#30 30] (only Typhon is mentioned), [http://www.theoi.com/Text/HyginusFabulae4.html 151] also has the Hydra and as the offspring of Echidna and Typhon.</ref> the many-headed serpent who, when one of its heads was cut off, grew two back. The ''Theogony''  mentions a second ambiguous "she" as the mother of the [[Chimera (mythology)|Chimera]] (a fire-breathing beast that was part lion, part goat, and had a snake-headed tail) which may refer to Echidna, though possibly the Hydra or even Ceto was meant instead.<ref>The referent of "she" in ''[[Theogony]]'' [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/hesiod-theogony/2018/pb_LCL057.29.xml 319] is uncertain, see  Clay, [https://books.google.com/books?id=2etBN0w0NGUC&pg=PA159 p. 159, with n. 34];  Gantz, p. 22 ("Echidna ... the Hydra ... or even less probably Keto"); Most 2018a, [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/hesiod-theogony/2018/pb_LCL057.29.xml p. 29 n. 18] ("probably Echidna"); Caldwell, p. 47 lines 319–325 ("probably Echidna, not Hydra"); West, pp. 254&ndash;255 line 319 '''ἡ δὲ''' ("Echidna or Hydra?").</ref> Hesiod next names two more descendants of Echidna, the [[Sphinx]], a monster with the head of a woman and the body of a winged lion, and the [[Nemean lion]], killed by [[Heracles]] as his first labor. According to Hesiod, these two were the offspring of Echidna's son Orthrus and another ambiguous "she", read variously as the Chimera, Echidna herself, or again even Ceto.<ref>The referent of "she" in ''Theogony'' [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/hesiod-theogony/2018/pb_LCL057.29.xml 326] is uncertain, see Clay, [https://books.google.com/books?id=2etBN0w0NGUC&pg=PA159 p. 159, with n. 34]; Most 2018a, [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/hesiod-theogony/2018/pb_LCL057.29.xml p. 29 n. 20] ("Probably Chimaera"); Gantz, p. 23 ("[Chimera] ... or just possibly Echidna"); Caldwell, p. 47 lines 326 ("either Echidna or Chimaira"); West 1966, p. 356 line 326 '''ἡ δ' ἄρα''' ("much more likely ... Chimaera" than Echidna).</ref> In any case, the [[Greek lyric|lyric poet]] [[Lasus of Hermione]] (6th century BC) has Echidna and Typhon as the parents of the Sphinx,<ref>[[Lasus of Hermione]], fragment 706A (Campbell, [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/lasus-fragments/1991/pb_LCL476.311.xml?result=1&rskey=xxAi2U pp. 310&ndash;311]).</ref> while the playwright [[Euripides]] (5th century BC), has Echidna as her mother, without mentioning a father.<ref>[[Euripides]], ''[[The Phoenician Women]]'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0118%3Acard%3D1019 1019&ndash;1020]; Ogden 2013a, [https://books.google.com/books?id=FQ2pAK9luwkC&pg=PA149 p. 149 n. 3].</ref> While mentioning Cerberus and "other monsters" as being the offspring of Echidna and Typhon, the mythographer [[Acusilaus]] (6th century BC) adds the [[Caucasian Eagle]] that ate the liver of [[Prometheus]].<ref>[[Acusilaus]], fr. 13 Fowler (Fowler 2000, [https://books.google.com/books?id=j0nRE4C2WBgC&pg=PA11 p. 11]; Freeman, [https://books.google.com/books?id=B75GgVdxYT0C&pg=PA15 p. 15 fragment 6]); Fowler 2013, [https://books.google.com/books?id=scd8AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA28 p. 28]; Gantz, p. 22; Ogden 2013a, [https://books.google.com/books?id=FQ2pAK9luwkC&pg=PA149 pp. 149&ndash;150].</ref> Pherecydes also names Prometheus' eagle,<ref>[[Pherecydes of Athens|Pherecydes]], fr. 7 Fowler (Fowler 2000, [https://books.google.com/books?id=j0nRE4C2WBgC&pg=PA278 p. 278]); Fowler 2013, pp. [https://books.google.com/books?id=scd8AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA21 21], [https://books.google.com/books?id=scd8AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA27 27&ndash;28]; Gantz, p. 22; Ogden 2013a, [https://books.google.com/books?id=FQ2pAK9luwkC&pg=PA149 pp. 149&ndash;150].</ref> and adds [[Ladon (mythology)|Ladon]] (though Pherecydes does not use this name), the dragon that guarded the [[golden apple]]s in the [[Garden of the Hesperides]] (according to Hesiod, the offspring of Ceto and Phorcys).<ref>[[Pherecydes of Athens|Pherecydes]], fr. 16b Fowler (Fowler 2000, [https://books.google.com/books?id=j0nRE4C2WBgC&pg=PA286 p. 286]); Hesiod, ''Theogony'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0130:card=304 333–336]; Fowler 2013, [https://books.google.com/books?id=scd8AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA28 p. 28]; Ogden 2013a, [https://books.google.com/books?id=FQ2pAK9luwkC&pg=PA149 p. 149 n. 3]; Hošek, p. 678. The first to name the dragon Ladon is [[Apollonius of Rhodes]], ''[[Argonautica]]'' [https://archive.org/stream/argonautica00apoluoft#page/388/mode/2up 4.1396 (pp. 388&ndash;389)], which makes Ladon earthborn, see Fowler 2013, [https://books.google.com/books?id=scd8AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA28 p. 28 n. 97]. [[John Tzetzes|Tzetzes]], ''[[Chiliades]]'' 2.36.360 (Kiessling, [https://books.google.com/books?id=dG0GAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA54 p. 54]; English translation: Berkowitz, [https://archive.org/stream/TzetzesCHILIADES/Chiliades#page/n31/mode/1up p. 33]), also has Typhon as Ladon's father.</ref>

Later authors mostly retain these offspring of Echidna and Typhon while adding others. [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], in addition to naming as their offspring Orthrus, the Chimera (citing Hesiod as his source), the Sphinx, the Caucasian Eagle, Ladon, and probably the Nemean lion (only Typhon is named), also adds the [[Crommyonian Sow]], killed by the hero [[Theseus]] (unmentioned by Hesiod).<ref>[[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], ''Library'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+2.5.10 2.5.10] (Orthrus), [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+2.3.1 2.3.1] (Chimera), [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+3.5.8 3.5.8] (Sphinx), [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+2.5.11 2.5.11] (Caucasian Eagle), [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+2.5.11 2.5.11] (Ladon), [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+2.5.1 2.5.1] (Nemean lion), ''Epitome'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0022:text=Epitome:book=E:chapter=1 1.1] (Crommyonian Sow).</ref> [[Gaius Julius Hyginus|Hyginus]]<ref>[[Gaius Julius Hyginus|Hyginus]], ''[[Fabulae]]'' [http://www.theoi.com/Text/HyginusFabulae1.html Preface], [http://www.theoi.com/Text/HyginusFabulae4.html 151].</ref> in his list of offspring of Echidna (all by Typhon), retains from the above Cerberus, the Chimera, the Sphinx, the Hydra and Ladon, and adds "Gorgon" (by which Hyginus means the mother of [[Medusa]], whereas Hesiod's three [[Gorgons]], of which Medusa was one, were the daughters of Ceto and Phorcys), the [[Colchian dragon]] that guarded the [[Golden Fleece]]<ref>Compare with [[Apollonius of Rhodes]], ''[[Argonautica]]'', [https://archive.org/stream/argonautica00apoluoft#page/184/mode/2up 2.1208&ndash;1215 (pp. 184&ndash;185)], where the dragon is the offspring of [[Gaia (mythology)|Gaia]] by Typhon (Hošek, p. 678).</ref> and [[Scylla]].<ref>See also [[Virgil]], ''Ciris'' 67; Lyne, [https://books.google.com/books?id=WMf_VULZvLUC&pg=130 pp. 130&ndash;131]. Others give other parents for Scylla. Several authors name [[Crataeis]] as the mother of Scylla, see [[Homer]], ''[[Odyssey]]'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text;jsessionid=0C3862DF72BDE338E6D62A24A49FEF27?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0136%3Abook%3D12%3Acard%3D111 12.124&ndash;125]; [[Ovid]], ''[[Metamorphoses]]'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0028%3Abook%3D13%3Acard%3D705 13.749]; [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg002.perseus-eng1:e.7.20 E7.20];  [[Maurus Servius Honoratus|Servius]] on [[Virgil]] ''[[Aeneid]]'' 3.420; and schol. on [[Plato]], ''[[Republic (Plato)|Republic]]'' 9.588c. Neither Homer nor Ovid mention a father, but Apollodorus says that the father was Trienus (or [[Triton (mythology)|Triton]]?) or Phorcus, similarly the Plato scholiast, perhaps following Apollodorus, gives the father as Tyrrhenus or Phorcus, while [[Eustathius of Thessalonica|Eustathius]] on Homer, ''Odyssey'' 12.85 gives the father as Triton. The Hesiodic ''[[Megalai Ehoiai]]'' (fr. 262 MW = Most [http://www.loebclassics.com/view/hesiod-other_fragments/2007/pb_LCL503.277.xml 200]) gives Hecate and [[Phorbas]] as the parents of Scylla, while [[Acusilaus]], fr. 42 Fowler (Fowler 2013, [https://books.google.com/books?id=scd8AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA32 p. 32]) says that Scylla's parents were [[Hekate]] and [[Phorkys]] (so also schol. ''[[Odyssey]]'' 12.85). [[Apollonius of Rhodes]], ''[[Argonautica]]'' [https://archive.org/stream/argonautica00apoluoft#page/350/mode/2up 4. 828&ndash;829 (pp. 350&ndash;351)] says that "Hecate who is called Crataeis," and Phorcys were the parents of Scylla. Semos of Delos (''FGrHist'' 396 F 22) says that Crataeis was the daughter of Hekate and Triton, and mother of Scylla by Deimos. [[Stesichorus]], [http://www.loebclassics.com/view/stesichorus_i-fragments/1991/pb_LCL476.133.xml?result=1&rskey=vkJkZt F220 ''PMG'' (Campbell, pp. 132&ndash;133)] has Lamia as the mother of Scylla, possibly the [[Lamia (daughter of Poseidon)|Lamia]] who was the daughter of [[Poseidon]]. For discussions of the parentage of Scylla, see Fowler 2013, [https://books.google.com/books?id=scd8AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA32 p. 32], Ogden 2013a, [https://books.google.com/books?id=FQ2pAK9luwkC&pg=PA134 p. 134]; Gantz, pp. 731&ndash;732; and Frazer's note to Apollodorus, [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg002.perseus-eng1:e.7.20 E7.20].</ref>

[[Nonnus]] makes Echidna the mother of an unnamed, venom-spitting, "huge" son, with "snaky" feet, an ally of [[Cronus]] in his war with [[Zeus]], who was killed by [[Ares]].<ref>[[Nonnus]], ''[[Dionysiaca]]'' [https://archive.org/stream/dionysiaca02nonnuoft#page/82/mode/2up 18.273 ff. (II pp. 82&ndash;83)]; Ogden 2013a, [https://books.google.com/books?id=FQ2pAK9luwkC&pg=PA150 p. 150 n. 4]; Hošek, p. 678.</ref> The [[Harpies]], in Hesiod the daughters of [[Thaumas]] and the [[Oceanids|Oceanid]] [[Electra (Oceanid)|Electra]],<ref>Hesiod, ''[[Theogony]]'', [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0130%3Acard%3D240 265&ndash;269]; so also [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+1.2.6 1.2.6], and [[Gaius Julius Hyginus|Hyginus]], ''[[Fabulae]]'' [http://www.theoi.com/Text/HyginusFabulae1.html Preface] (though ''[[Fabulae]]'' [http://www.theoi.com/Text/HyginusFabulae1.html#14 14], gives their parents as Thaumas and Oxomene). In the [[Epimenides]] ''Theogony'' (3B7) they are the daughters of [[Oceanus]] and [[Gaia (mythology)|Gaia]], while in [[Pherecydes of Syros]] (7B5) they are the daughters of [[Boreas (god)|Boreas]] (Gantz, p. 18).</ref> in one source, are said to be the daughters of Typhon,<ref>[[Gaius Valerius Flaccus|Valerius Flaccus]], ''Argonautica'' [http://www.theoi.com/Text/ValeriusFlaccus4.html 4.428, 516].</ref> and so perhaps were also considered to be the daughters of Echidna. Likewise, the sea serpents which attacked the Trojan priest [[Laocoön]] during the [[Trojan War]], which are called by [[Quintus Smyrnaeus]] "fearful monsters of the deadly brood of Typhon", may also have been considered Echidna's offspring.<ref>Hošek, p. 678; see [[Quintus Smyrnaeus]], ''[[Posthomerica]]'' (or ''Fall of Troy'') [https://archive.org/stream/falloftroy00quin#page/518/mode/2up 12.449&ndash;453 (pp. 518&ndash;519)].</ref> Echidna is sometimes identified with the Viper who was the mother by [[Heracles]] of [[Scythes (mythology)|Scythes]], an eponymous king of the [[Scythians]], along with his brothers [[Agathyrsus]] ("much raging")<ref>Graves, Index: s.v. Agathyrsus.</ref> and [[Gelonus]] (see below).

===List of principal offspring===
The following table lists the principal offspring of Echidna as given by Hesiod, Apollodorus or Hyginus.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:left"
|+ Offspring of Echidna
|-
! Offspring
! colspan="2" | [[Hesiod]], ''[[Theogony|Th]].''
! colspan="2" | [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]]
! colspan="2" | [[Gaius Julius Hyginus|Hyginus]]
! colspan="2" | Other sources
|-
| [[Orthrus]]
|✓✓
|<small>[https://www.loebclassics.com/view/hesiod-theogony/2018/pb_LCL057.27.xml 309]</small>
|✓✓
|<small>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+2.5.10 2.5.10]</small>
|
|
|??&nbsp;{{efn|group=offspring|name=j|text=Quintus Smyrnaeus has Echidna and Typhon as Cerberus' parents with Orthrus as his brother.}}
|<small>[[Quintus Smyrnaeus|Quin. Smyr.]] [https://archive.org/stream/falloftroy00quin#page/272/mode/2up 6.249&ndash;262]</small>
|-
| rowspan="2" |[[Cerberus]]
| rowspan="2" |✓✓
| rowspan="2" | <small>[https://www.loebclassics.com/view/hesiod-theogony/2018/pb_LCL057.27.xml 310 ff.]</small>
| rowspan="2" |
| rowspan="2" |
| rowspan="2" |✓✓
| rowspan="2" |<small>''Fab.'' [http://www.theoi.com/Text/HyginusFabulae1.html#Preface Pref.], [http://www.theoi.com/Text/HyginusFabulae4.html#151 151]</small>
|✓✓
|<small>[[Acusilaus|Acus.]] [https://books.google.com/books?id=j0nRE4C2WBgC&pg=PA11 fr. 13]; [[Quintus Smyrnaeus|Quin. Smyr.]] [https://archive.org/stream/falloftroy00quin#page/272/mode/2up ''loc. cit.'']</small>
|-
|✓?
|<small>[[Bacchylides|Bac.]] Ode [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0064%3Abook%3DEp%3Apoem%3D5 5.62], [[Sophocles|Soph.]] ''[[Women of Trachis|Trach.]]'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0196%3Acard%3D1076 1097&ndash;1099],  [[Callimachus|Call.]] [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/callimachus-fragments_uncertain_location/1973/pb_LCL421.259.xml?result=2&rskey=li3r52 fr. 515], [[Ovid]] ''[[Metamorphoses|Met.]]'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0028:book=4:card=481&highlight=Echidna 4.500&ndash;501], [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0028:book=7:card=404&highlight=Cerberian 7.406&ndash;409]</small>
|-
| [[Lernaean Hydra]]
|✓✓
|<small>[https://www.loebclassics.com/view/hesiod-theogony/2018/pb_LCL057.29.xml 313 ff.]</small>
|
|
|✓✓
|<small>''Fab.'' [http://www.theoi.com/Text/HyginusFabulae1.html#Preface Pref.],  [http://www.theoi.com/Text/HyginusFabulae1.html#30 30], [http://www.theoi.com/Text/HyginusFabulae4.html#151 151]</small>
|
|
|-
| [[Chimera (mythology)|Chimera]]
|??&nbsp;{{efn|group=offspring|name=a|text=It is unclear whom Hesiod meant as the mother of the Chimera: Echidna, the Hydra, or Ceto. See Clay, [https://books.google.com/books?id=2etBN0w0NGUC&pg=PA159 p. 159, with n. 34];  Gantz, p. 22.}}
|<small>[https://www.loebclassics.com/view/hesiod-theogony/2018/pb_LCL057.29.xml 319 ff.]</small>
|✓✓&nbsp;{{efn|group=offspring|name=e|text=Apollodorus, cites Hesiod as his source for the Chimera being the offspring of Typhon and Echidna.}}
|<small>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+2.3.1 2.3.1]</small>
|✓✓
|<small>''Fab.'' [http://www.theoi.com/Text/HyginusFabulae1.html#Preface Pref.], [http://www.theoi.com/Text/HyginusFabulae4.html#151 151]</small>
|
|
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[Sphinx]]
| rowspan="2" |?&nbsp;{{efn|group=offspring|name=b|text=Hesiod gives the Sphinx and the Nemean lion as the offspring of Echidna's son Orthrus and an ambiguous "she", in line [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/hesiod-theogony/2018/pb_LCL057.29.xml 326] of the ''Theogony'', read variously as the Chimera, Echidna herself, or even Ceto. See Clay, [https://books.google.com/books?id=2etBN0w0NGUC&pg=PA159 p. 159, with n. 34]; Most 2018a, [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/hesiod-theogony/2018/pb_LCL057.29.xml p. 29 n. 20];  Gantz, p. 23; Caldwell, p. 47 lines 326; West 1966, p. 356 line 326 '''ἡ δ' ἄρα'''.}}
| rowspan="2" |<small>[https://www.loebclassics.com/view/hesiod-theogony/2018/pb_LCL057.29.xml 326 ff.]</small>
| rowspan="2" |✓✓
| rowspan="2" |<small>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+3.5.8 3.5.8]</small>
| rowspan="2" |✓✓
| rowspan="2" |<small>''Fab.'' [http://www.theoi.com/Text/HyginusFabulae1.html#Preface Pref.], [http://www.theoi.com/Text/HyginusFabulae4.html#151 151]</small>
|✓✓
|<small>[[Lasus of Hermione|Lasus]] [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/lasus-fragments/1991/pb_LCL476.311.xml fr. 706A]</small>
|-
|✓?
|<small>[[Euripides|Eur.]] ''[[The Phoenician Women]]'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0118%3Acard%3D1019 1019&ndash;1025]</small>
|-
| [[Nemean lion|Nemean Lion]]
|?&nbsp;{{efn|group=offspring|name=b}}
|<small>[https://www.loebclassics.com/view/hesiod-theogony/2018/pb_LCL057.29.xml 326 ff.]</small>
|?✓
|<small>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+2.5.1 2.5.1]</small>
| {{efn|group=offspring|name=g |text=Hyginus says that [[Luna (goddess)|Luna]] ("Moon") raised the Nemean Lion in a two-mouthed cave.}}
|<small>''Fab.'' [http://www.theoi.com/Text/HyginusFabulae1.html#30 30]</small>
|
|
|-
| [[Caucasian Eagle]]
|
|
|✓✓
|<small>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+2.5.11 2.5.11]</small>
| {{efn|group=offspring|name=h |text=Hyginus gives three possible parentages for the Caucasian Eagle: Typhon and Echidna, Terra and Tartarus, or that it was fashioned by Vulcan and given life by Jove.}}
|<small>''[[Poeticon astronomicon|Ast.]]'' [http://www.theoi.com/Text/HyginusAstronomica.html#15 2.15].</small>
|✓✓
|<small>[[Acusilaus|Acus.]] [https://books.google.com/books?id=j0nRE4C2WBgC&pg=PA11 fr. 13]; [[Pherecydes of Athens|Pher.]] [https://books.google.com/books?id=j0nRE4C2WBgC&pg=PA278 fr. 7]</small>
|-
| [[Ladon (mythology)|Ladon]]
| {{efn|group=offspring|name=c |text=Hesiod (though he does not name it Ladon) gives the dragon's parents as Ceto and Phorcys.}}
|<small>[https://www.loebclassics.com/view/hesiod-theogony/2018/pb_LCL057.29.xml 333 ff.]</small>
|✓✓
|<small>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+2.5.11 2.5.11]</small>
|✓✓
|<small>''Fab.'' [http://www.theoi.com/Text/HyginusFabulae1.html#Preface Pref.], [http://www.theoi.com/Text/HyginusFabulae4.html#151 151]</small>
|✓✓
|<small>[[Pherecydes of Athens|Pher.]] [https://books.google.com/books?id=j0nRE4C2WBgC&pg=PA286 fr. 16b]; [[John Tzetzes|Tzet.]] ''[[Chiliades]]'' [https://archive.org/stream/TzetzesCHILIADES/Chiliades#page/n31/mode/1up 2.36.360]</small>
|-
| [[Crommyonian Sow]]
|
|
|✓✓
|<small>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0022:text=Epitome:book=E:chapter=1 E1.1]</small>
|
|
|
|
|-
| "Gorgon" (mother of [[Medusa]])
|{{efn|group=offspring|name=d}}
|<small>[https://www.loebclassics.com/view/hesiod-theogony/2018/pb_LCL057.25.xml 270 ff.]</small>
|{{efn|group=offspring|name=d|text=Hesiod and Apollodorus have the three Gorgons, [[Stheno]], [[Euryale (Gorgon)|Euryale]] and Medusa as the daughters of Ceto and Phorcys}}
|<small>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+1.2.6 1.2.6]</small>
|✓✓&nbsp;{{efn|group=offspring|name=i |text=For Hyginus, Gorgon was the mother of [[Medusa]].}}
|<small>''Fab.'' [http://www.theoi.com/Text/HyginusFabulae1.html#Preface Pref.], [http://www.theoi.com/Text/HyginusFabulae4.html#151 151]</small>
|
|
|-
| [[Colchian dragon]]
|
|
|
|
|✓✓
|<small>''Fab.'' [http://www.theoi.com/Text/HyginusFabulae1.html#Preface Pref.], [http://www.theoi.com/Text/HyginusFabulae4.html#151 151]</small>
|
|
|-
| [[Scylla]]
|
|
| {{efn|group=offspring|name=f|text=Apollodorus has [[Crataeis]] as the mother of Scylla, with Trienus ([[Triton (mythology)|Triton]]?) or Phorcus (a variant Phorcys) as father.}}
|<small>[http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg002.perseus-eng1:e.7.20 E7.20]</small>
|✓✓
|<small>''Fab.'' [http://www.theoi.com/Text/HyginusFabulae1.html#Preface Pref.], [http://www.theoi.com/Text/HyginusFabulae4.html#151 151]</small>
|
|<small>[[Virgil]], ''Ciris'' 67</small>
|-
|}
Legend:
:✓✓ = Echidna and Typhon given as parents
:✓? = Only Echidna given as parent
:?✓ = Only Typhon given as parent
:?? = Echidna and Typhon possibly meant as parents
:? = Echidna possibly meant as parent

Notes:
{{notelist|group=offspring}}