Editing Duke University (section)

=== Expansion and growth ===
[[Engineering]], which had been taught at Duke since 1903, became a [[Pratt School of Engineering|separate school]] in 1939. The university president's official residence, the [[J. Deryl Hart House]], was completed in 1934. In athletics, Duke hosted and competed in the first [[Rose Bowl Game|Rose Bowl]] ever played outside California in [[Wallace Wade Stadium]] in 1942; the second such game was played in [[Arlington, Texas]], in 2021, moved as a result of the [[COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref name="chronology"/><ref>{{cite news |last1=Witz |first1=Billy |title=In Pasadena, Moving the Rose Bowl Makes For Unusual Rancor |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/01/sports/ncaafootball/rose-bowl-move-pasadena.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20211228/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/01/sports/ncaafootball/rose-bowl-move-pasadena.html |archive-date=December 28, 2021 |url-access=limited |access-date=May 11, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 1, 2021}}{{cbignore}}</ref> During World War II, Duke was one of 131 colleges and universities nationally that took part in the [[V-12 Navy College Training Program]] which offered students a path to a navy commission.<ref name="duke-v-12">{{cite web|url=http://archives.mc.duke.edu/taxonomy/term/794 |title=Navy V-12 Program |publisher=[[Durham, North Carolina]]: Duke University |access-date=September 28, 2011 |year=2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110305105215/http://archives.mc.duke.edu/taxonomy/term/794 |archive-date=March 5, 2011}}</ref> In 1963 the Board of Trustees officially [[school integration in the United States|desegregated]] the undergraduate college.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://humanrights.fhi.duke.edu/who-we-are/history-of-human-rights-at-duke/slavery-and-segregation/ |title=Slavery and Segregation |publisher=Duke Human Rights Center |first=Marianne |last=Twu |date=2010 |access-date=January 8, 2016 |archive-date=October 10, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010055856/http://humanrights.fhi.duke.edu/who-we-are/history-of-human-rights-at-duke/slavery-and-segregation/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

Duke enrolled its first black graduate students in 1961.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://spotlight.duke.edu/50years/|title=Celebrating the Past, Charting the Future: Commemorating 50 Years of Black Students at Duke University|language=en-US|access-date=July 27, 2019|archive-date=July 27, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190727181311/https://spotlight.duke.edu/50years/|url-status=live}}</ref> The school did not admit Black undergraduates until September 1963. The teaching staff remained all-White until 1966.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Road to Desegregation |url=http://exhibits.library.duke.edu/exhibits/show/desegregation/intro/progress |publisher=Duke University |access-date=January 28, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190212171348/http://exhibits.library.duke.edu/exhibits/show/desegregation/intro/progress |archive-date=February 12, 2019 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Increased activism on campus during the 1960s prompted [[Martin Luther King Jr.]] to speak at the university in November 1964 on the progress of the [[Civil Rights Movement]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mlk.duke.edu/king-at-duke/|title=King at Duke: King’s 1964 speech at Duke (Audio)|publisher=Duke University|access-date=April 13, 2025}}</ref> Following [[Douglas Knight]]'s resignation from the office of university president, [[Terry Sanford]], the former governor of North Carolina, was elected president of the university in 1969, propelling The [[Fuqua School of Business]]' opening, the William R. Perkins library completion, and the founding of the [[Terry Sanford Institute of Public Policy|Institute of Policy Sciences and Public Affairs]] (now the Sanford School of Public Policy).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://today.duke.edu/2005/01/knight_0105.html|title=Douglas M. Knight, Fifth Duke President, Dies at 83|date=January 23, 2005|website=Duke Today|publisher=Duke University|access-date=April 13, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1970/10/11/archives/sanford-a-politician-on-the-campus.html|title=Sanford: A Politician on the Campus|date=October 11, 1970|last=Nordheimer|first=Jon|website=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=April 13, 2025}}</ref> The separate Woman's College merged back with Trinity as the liberal arts college for both men and women in 1972.

Beginning in the 1970s, Duke administrators began a long-term effort to strengthen Duke's reputation both nationally and internationally. Interdisciplinary work was emphasized, as was recruiting minority faculty and students. During this time it also became the birthplace of the first Physician Assistant degree program in the United States.<ref>
[http://www.duke.edu/web/annualreport/interdisc.htm Duke Annual Report 2000/2001-Interdisciplinary] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120724132147/http://www.duke.edu/web/annualreport/interdisc.htm |date=July 24, 2012}}. ''Duke University Annual Report'', 2001. Retrieved January 12, 2011.</ref><ref>Rogalski, Jim. [https://web.archive.org/web/20060908075417/http://www.inside.duke.edu/article.php?IssueID=140&ParentID=12502 Breaking the Barrier: A History of African-Americans at Duke University School of Medicine]. ''Inside DUMC'', February 20, 2006. Retrieved January 12, 2011.</ref><ref>Mock, Geoffrey. [https://web.archive.org/web/20050918120723/http://www.dukenews.duke.edu/2002/11/blackfaculty1102.html Duke's Black Faculty Initiative Reaches Goal Early]. ''Duke University Office of News and Communication'', November 21, 2002. Retrieved January 12, 2011.</ref> [[Duke University Medical Center|Duke University Hospital]] was finished in 1980 and the student union building was fully constructed two years later. In 1986 the men's soccer team captured Duke's first [[National Collegiate Athletic Association]] (NCAA) championship, and the men's basketball team followed shortly thereafter with championships in [[1991 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament|1991]] and [[1992 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament|1992]], then again in [[2001 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament|2001]], [[2010 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament|2010]], and [[2015 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament|2015]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://goduke.com/news/2020/12/13/mens-soccer-on-this-date-duke-captures-1986-ncaa-title|title=On This Date: Duke Captures 1986 NCAA Title|date=December 13, 2020|publisher=[[Duke Blue Devils]]|access-date=April 13, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://today.duke.edu/2012/03/backtoback|title=Back to Back: Documentary Tells the Story of the '91-'92 NCAA Men's Basketball Championships|date=March 7, 2012|website=Duke Today|publisher=Duke University|access-date=April 13, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dukechronicle.com/article/2025/03/duke-mens-basketball-blast-from-the-past-2001-national-championship-krzyzewski-battier-williams-dunleavy-boozer//|title=Blast from the past: Duke men's basketball defeats Arizona to claim third national championship|last=Curtis|first=Ben|date=March 25, 2025|publisher=[[Duke Chronicle]]|access-date=April 13, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/06/sports/ncaabasketball/06ncaa.html|title=Duke Holds Off Butler to Win 4th N.C.A.A. Title|last=Thamel|first=Pete|date=April 6, 2010|website=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=April 13, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.si.com/college/2015/04/07/national-championship-duke-blue-devils-wisconsin-badgers|title=Duke wins national championship, beating Wisconsin in title game|last=Keith|first=Ted|date=April 6, 2015|website=[[Sports Illustrated]]|access-date=April 13, 2025}}</ref>

Duke Forward, a seven-year fundraising campaign, raised $3.85 billion by August 2017.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://today.duke.edu/2017/08/duke-campaign-raises-385-billion-empower-service-society|work=Duke Today|publisher=Duke University|title=Duke Campaign Raises $3.85 Billion to Empower Service to Society|date=August 9, 2017|access-date=November 12, 2018|archive-date=April 10, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190410121342/https://today.duke.edu/2017/08/duke-campaign-raises-385-billion-empower-service-society|url-status=live}}</ref>