Editing Douglas fir (section)

==Distribution==
''Pseudotsuga menziesii'' var. ''menziesii'', the coast Douglas-fir, grows in the coastal regions from west-central [[British Columbia]] southward to [[Central California]]. In [[Oregon]] and [[Washington (state)|Washington]], its range is continuous from the eastern edge of the [[Cascade Range|Cascades]] west to the [[Pacific Coast Ranges]] and Pacific Ocean. In California, it is found in the [[Klamath Mountains|Klamath]] and [[California Coast Ranges]] as far south as the [[Santa Lucia Range]], with a small stand as far south as the [[Purisima Hills]] in Santa Barbara County.<ref>{{cite journal|title=A New Douglas-Fir Locality in Southern California|author=Griffin, James R.|journal=Forest Science|date=September 1964|pages=317–319|url=http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/saf/fs/1964/00000010/00000003/art00015|access-date=December 31, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=The Distribution of Forest Trees in California USDA Forest Service Research Paper PSW – 82/1972|author=Griffin, James R.|author2=Critchfield, William B.|year=1976|publisher=USDA Forest Service|location=Berkeley, California|page=114|url=http://www.fs.fed.us/psw/publications/documents/psw_rp082/psw_rp082.pdf|access-date=2015-05-03}}</ref> One of the last remaining old growth stands of conifers is in the Mattole Watershed, and is under threat of logging.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.seattletimes.com/archive/?date=20000319&slug=4010893|title=Douglas Fir, Then and Now &#124; The Seattle Times|website=archive.seattletimes.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://alumni.berkeley.edu/california-magazine/just-in/2018-08-30/battle-save-old-trees-timber-wars-logging|title=Tensions Rise In the Battle To Save Old Trees|date=September 1, 2018|website=Cal Alumni Association}}</ref> In the [[Sierra Nevada]], it ranges as far south as the [[Yosemite Valley|Yosemite]] region. It occurs from sea level along the coast to elevations of {{convert|1500|m|ft|abbr=on}} or higher, and inland in some cases up to {{convert|2100|m|abbr=on}}.<ref name=":02" />

Another variety exists further inland, ''Pseudotsuga menziesii'' var. ''glauca'', the Rocky Mountain Douglas-fir or interior Douglas-fir. Interior Douglas-fir intergrades with coast Douglas-fir in the Cascades of northern Washington and southern British Columbia, and from there ranges northward to central British Columbia and southeastward to the Mexican border, becoming increasingly disjunct as latitude decreases and altitude increases. [[Mexican Douglas-fir]] (''P.&nbsp;lindleyana''), which ranges as far south as [[Oaxaca]], is often considered a variety of ''P.&nbsp;menziesii''.

Fossils (wood, pollen) of ''Pseudotsuga'' are recorded from the [[Miocene]] and [[Pliocene]] of Europe ([[Siebengebirge]], [[Gleiwitz]], Austria).<ref>{{cite tech report |url=https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/technical_reports/8s45q9704 |title=The Genus Pseudotsuga : Ancestral History and Past Distribution |pages=23–24 |author=R. K. Hermann |type=Special Publication 2b |publisher=Forest Research Laboratory, College of Forestry, Oregon State University |date=October 1985}}</ref>

It is also [[naturalisation (biology)|naturalised]] throughout Europe,<ref>{{cite web|title=Distribution of Douglas-fir|url=http://193.62.154.38/cgi-bin/nph-readbtree.pl/feout?FAMILY_XREF=&GENUS_XREF=Pseudotsuga&SPECIES_XREF=menziesii&TAXON_NAME_XREF=&RANK=|publisher=Royal Botanical Garden Edinburgh|access-date=2009-01-31|archive-date=2012-02-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120215203124/http://193.62.154.38/cgi-bin/nph-readbtree.pl/feout?FAMILY_XREF=&GENUS_XREF=Pseudotsuga&SPECIES_XREF=menziesii&TAXON_NAME_XREF=&RANK=|url-status=dead}}</ref> Argentina and Chile (called ''Pino Oregón''). In New Zealand it is considered to be an invasive species, called a [[wilding conifer]], and is subject to control measures. But is also one of the most common lumber trees used in forestry alongside Radiata pine with large plantations throughout the country. The species was introduced in the 20th century for its wood.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Weed Information Sheet|url=https://www.weedbusters.org.nz/what-are-weeds/weed-list/douglas-fir/|access-date=2021-05-12|website=Weedbusters|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nzfoa.org.nz/plantation-forestry/Douglas-fir|title=Douglas-fir|website=www.nzfoa.org.nz}}</ref>