Editing Dory (boat) (section)

==Traditional types==

===Beach dories===

{{See also|Swampscott dory}}
The earliest known dories were beach dories developed for beach-launched fishing operations. The principal example is the [[Swampscott dory]], named after [[Swampscott]], Massachusetts where they were introduced. Early wherry types were modified with flat bottoms and borrowed construction techniques found in the French bateaus. This resulted in an almost-round-sided boat with a narrow flat bottom, well suited to launching through the surf and able to hold up against aggressive ocean conditions. The narrow "tombstone" transom assured that the boat rode well against a [[following sea]] or [[Ocean surface wave|breaking surf]], and also made the boat easy to row.

===Banks dories===

{{main|Banks dory}}

[[File:CSS Acadia 4.jpg|thumb|left|[[Banks dory]] used as work boat by [[CSS Acadia|CSS ''Acadia'']]]]
The Banks dory was an early dory, however, the preceded [[Swampscott dory]] preceded it by fifty years.<ref name="Chapelle85"/><ref>Gardner (1987) page 33</ref> The Banks dories first appeared in the 1830s and were probably the most numerous at their height of popularity. They were "designed specifically as a ships boat but it became so well known and so common a type that it not only was used alongshore but influenced the design of some local fishing boats".<ref name="Chapelle85">Chapelle, page 85</ref>  Adapted almost directly from the low-freeboard French river bateaus, with their straight sides and removable thwarts, bank dories could be nested inside each other and stored on the decks of fishing [[schooners]], for their trip to the [[Grand Banks]] and other fishing banks. They are not as handy or easy to row as the slightly more complicated Swampscott dories but were mass-produced in much larger numbers. Banks dories were also popular as work boats.

Although the Banks dory dates to the 1830s, it is not the first of its kind. The [[Swampscott dory]] preceded it by fifty years.<ref name="Chapelle85"/><ref>Gardner (1987) page 33</ref>

===Sailing dories===
As the need for working dories diminished, the Swampscott or beach dory types were modified for pleasure sailing. These '''sailing dories''' became quite popular at the beginning of the 20th century around the town of Marblehead, Massachusetts. They were generally longer, yet remained narrow with low freeboard and later were often decked over. Another common distinctive feature of the sailing dory was a long boom on the rig that angled up with a mainsail that was larger along the foot than the luff. The Townclass, a sailboat still raced today, is a late example of a sailing dory. Earlier types were the Beachcomber and Alpha series, built by the famed dory builder William Chamberlain, and raced extensively in Salem and Marblehead between 1900 and 1910.<ref name="Gardner209">Gardner, page 209</ref>
Few of the original Chamberlain-designed dories remain intact. An original Alpha dory can be seen at the Marblehead Historical Museum in Marblehead, Massachusetts.<ref>[http://www.marbleheadmuseum.org Marblehead Historical Museum]</ref>{{Failed verification|date=June 2016}}

===River dories===
{{See also|McKenzie River dory}}
[[File:Dories in Grand Canyon.jpeg|thumb|right|200px|Decked river dories next to rubber rafts in the Grand Canyon]]
The western river dory, though sharing features with sea dories, is adapted for a different place and purpose. The key differentiating features are wider beam, more flare to prevent waves coming on board, and extensive built-in buoyancy/storage areas with water-resistant hatches to shed water and keep the boat afloat in the event of a capsize. The first small flat bottomed dory run of note on the [[Colorado River]] was made by Ramon Montez and George Flavell on an 1896 river cruise from [[Green River, Wyoming]], through the [[Grand Canyon]] to [[Temple Bar Marina|Temple Bar, Arizona]].<ref name="Martin101">Martin, page 101,</ref> Western river dories have additional special features such as strong rowlocks, long oars, and long blade oars to operate in the highly aerated waters in rapids. In rapids the master rower faces down river to see the rock and or hydraulic obstacles. In a rapid the oars are often used to steer the boat as well as to propel it. The first documentation of this "stern first" technique in Grand Canyon was by George Flavell in 1896.<ref name="Marston172">Marston, page 172,</ref> Credit for the "stern first" technique is often given to Nathaniel Galloway who used it on his cruise through Grand Canyon a few months after the Flavell-Montez cruise.<ref name="Marston177">Marston, page 177,</ref>

===Motor dories===
With the introduction of the [[outboard motor]] the "semi-dory" or "half-dory" was developed. Because typical dory bottoms are so narrow, the thrust of an outboard motor pushes the stern of the dory down creating a very unstable and inefficient boat. The semi-dory is basically a Swampscott dory with the stern widened and the rocker straightened aft to support the thrust of the outboard motor.<ref name="Gardner225">"Gardner, page 225</ref>

===Other dories, and related types===
Other, less but traditional types were the double ended surf and gunning dories. The pointed bow and sterns made these boats excel at launching through the surf. Gunning dories were built quite light in comparison to the more traditionally constructed beach dories.

The "dory skiff" is another variation of the dory type. For inshore work the transom was widened, and freeboard was lowered making an exceptionally easy-to-row boat that was more stable (initial stability not ultimate stability) than their offshore cousins. However, they are not as [[seaworthy]] as the Swampscott or Banks dories.<ref name="Gardner257">Gardner, page 257</ref>

The [[Gandelow]], much like a dory design from midships forward, is native to the [[River Shannon|Shannon]] estuary in [[Ireland]]. The main difference is that, at the stern, the gandelow has upper 'butterfly planks' which are twisted to make the stern wider and more buoyant, while the lower planks, twisted opposite, form a hollow boxed skeg, much like a [[Sea Bright Skiff]]. The space created, when covered, provides a netlocker and a platform.

The cot, a protean Irish traditional boat, has variants quite similar to dories, although some have a transom bow as well as stern, resembling a [[jonboat]]. (The boat name originated as a word for an open dugout canoe, ''coit'', but became used for many types of small open boats.)

The dory type spread by contact among fishing fleets, and was naturalized in many countries.

<gallery mode="packed" heights="150" caption="Fishing dories" style="float:center;">
File:Snurper og doryer.jpg|Norwegian fishing vessel with dories alongside, 1938
File:Doris-DSC 6257-1.jpg|Museum dory equipped for fishing
File:Fishing 4666.JPG|Fishing from a dory
</gallery>
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