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===Organization of the work=== Diogenes divides his subjects into two "schools" which he describes as the [[Ionian School (philosophy)|Ionian/Ionic]] and the Italian/Italic; the division is somewhat dubious and appears to be drawn from the lost [[doxography]] of [[Sotion]]. The biographies of the "Ionian school" begin with [[Anaximander]] and end with [[Clitomachus (philosopher)|Clitomachus]], [[Theophrastus]] and [[Chrysippus]]; the "Italian" begins with [[Pythagoras]] and ends with [[Epicurus]]. The [[Socrates#Legacy|Socratic school]], with its various branches, is classed with the Ionic; while the [[Eleatics]] and [[Pyrrhonism|Pyrrhonists]] are treated under the Italian. He also includes his own poetic verse about the philosophers he discusses. The following list shows the organization of philosophers discussed in the work:{{sfn|White|2020|pp=482-484}} {|border="0" style="margin:1em auto; border: 1px solid #999; background-color:#FFFFFF" |bgcolor="#CCCCCC"|'''Books 1β7: Ionian Philosophy''' |- |bgcolor="#CCCCCC"|Book 1: The [[Seven Sages of Greece|Seven Sages]] |- |bgcolor="#EFEFEF"|[[Thales]], [[Solon]], [[Chilon of Sparta|Chilon]], [[Pittacus of Mytilene|Pittacus]], [[Bias of Priene|Bias]], [[Cleobulus]], [[Periander]], [[Anacharsis]], [[Myson of Chenae|Myson]], [[Epimenides]], [[Pherecydes of Syros|Pherecydes]] |- |bgcolor="#CCCCCC"|Book 2: Ionians, Socrates, Socratics ([[Cyrenaics]], [[Megarians]] |- |bgcolor="#EFEFEF"|[[Anaximander]], [[Anaximenes of Miletus|Anaximenes]], [[Anaxagoras]], [[Archelaus (philosopher)|Archelaus]], [[Socrates]], [[Xenophon]], [[Aeschines of Sphettus|Aeschines]], [[Aristippus]], [[Hegesias of Cyrene|Hegesias]], [[Anniceris]], [[Theodorus the Atheist|Theodorus]], [[Phaedo of Elis|Phaedo]], [[Euclid of Megara|Euclides]], [[Eubulides]], [[Alexinus]], [[Euphantus]], [[Diodorus Cronus]], [[Stilpo]], [[Crito of Alopece|Crito]], [[Simon the Shoemaker|Simon]], [[Glaucon]], [[Simmias of Thebes|Simmias]], [[Cebes]], [[Menedemus|Menedemus of Eretria]] |- |bgcolor="#CCCCCC"|Book 3: Plato |- |bgcolor="#EFEFEF"|[[Plato]] |- |bgcolor="#CCCCCC"|Book 4: The [[Platonic Academy|Academics]] |- |bgcolor="#EFEFEF"|[[Speusippus]], [[Xenocrates]], [[Polemon (scholarch)|Polemo]], [[Crates of Athens]], [[Crantor]], [[Arcesilaus]], [[Bion of Borysthenes|Bion]], [[Lacydes of Cyrene|Lacydes]], [[Carneades]], [[Clitomachus (philosopher)|Clitomachus]] |- |bgcolor="#CCCCCC"|Book 5: The [[Peripatetics]] |- |bgcolor="#EFEFEF"|[[Aristotle]], [[Theophrastus]], [[Strato of Lampsacus|Strato]], [[Lyco of Troas|Lyco]], [[Demetrius Phalereus|Demetrius]], [[Heraclides Ponticus|Heraclides]] |- |bgcolor="#CCCCCC"|Book 6: The [[Cynicism (philosophy)|Cynics]] |- |bgcolor="#EFEFEF"|[[Antisthenes]],{{efn|name=dubious}} [[Diogenes of Sinope]], [[Monimus]], [[Onesicritus]], [[Crates of Thebes]], [[Metrocles]], [[Hipparchia of Maroneia|Hipparchia]], [[Menippus]], [[Menedemus the Cynic|Menedemus]] |- |bgcolor="#CCCCCC"|Book 7: The [[Stoics]] |- |bgcolor="#EFEFEF"|[[Zeno of Citium]], [[Persaeus]], [[Aristo of Chios|Aristo]], [[Herillus]], [[Dionysius the Renegade|Dionysius]], [[Cleanthes]], [[Sphaerus]], [[Chrysippus]] |- |bgcolor="#CCCCCC"|'''Books 8β10: "Italian" Philosophy''' |- |bgcolor="#CCCCCC"|Book 8: [[Pythagoreanism|Pythagoreans]] |- |bgcolor="#EFEFEF"|[[Pythagoras]], [[Theano (philosopher)|Theano]], [[Empedocles]],{{efn|name=dubious}} [[Epicharmus of Kos|Epicharmus]],{{efn|name=dubious}} [[Archytas]], [[Alcmaeon of Croton|Alcmaeon]],{{efn|name=dubious}} [[Hippasus]], [[Philolaus]], [[Eudoxus of Cnidus|Eudoxus]]{{efn|name=dubious}} |- |bgcolor="#CCCCCC"|Book 9: Unaffiliated, Eleatics, Atomists, Pyrrho and Pyrrhonians |- |bgcolor="#EFEFEF"|[[Heraclitus]], [[Xenophanes]], [[Parmenides]], [[Melissus of Samos|Melissus]], [[Zeno of Elea]], [[Leucippus]], [[Democritus]], [[Protagoras]], [[Diogenes of Apollonia]], [[Anaxarchus]], [[Pyrrho]], [[Timon of Phlius|Timon]] |- |bgcolor="#CCCCCC"|Book 10: Epicurus and the Epicureans |- |bgcolor="#EFEFEF"|[[Epicurus]], [[Metrodorus of Lampsacus (the younger)|Metrodorus]] and [[Hermarchus]] |} Book VII is incomplete and breaks off during the life of [[Chrysippus]]. From a table of contents in one of the manuscripts (manuscript P), this book is known to have continued with [[Zeno of Tarsus]], [[Diogenes of Babylon|Diogenes]], [[Apollodorus of Seleucia|Apollodorus]], [[Boethus of Sidon (Stoic)|Boethus]], [[Mnesarchus of Athens|Mnesarchus]], [[Mnasagoras]], [[Nestor of Tarsus|Nestor]], [[Basilides (Stoic)|Basilides]], [[Dardanus of Athens|Dardanus]], [[Antipater of Tarsus|Antipater]], [[Heraclides of Tarsus|Heraclides]], [[Sosigenes (Stoic)|Sosigenes]], [[Panaetius]], [[Hecato of Rhodes|Hecato]], [[Posidonius]], [[Athenodoros Cordylion|Athenodorus]], another [[Athenodoros Cananites|Athenodorus]], [[Antipater of Tyre|Antipater]], [[Arius Didymus|Arius]], and [[Lucius Annaeus Cornutus|Cornutus]]. His chief authorities were [[Favorinus]] and [[Diocles of Magnesia]], but his work also draws (either directly or indirectly) on books by [[Antisthenes of Rhodes]], [[Alexander Polyhistor]], and [[Demetrius of Magnesia]], as well as works by [[Hippobotus]], [[Aristippus]], [[Panaetius]], [[Apollodorus of Athens]], [[Sosicrates]], [[Satyrus the Peripatetic|Satyrus]], [[Sotion]], [[Neanthes of Cyzicus|Neanthes]], [[Hermippus of Smyrna|Hermippus]], [[Antigonus of Carystus|Antigonus]], [[Heraclides Lembus|Heraclides]], [[Hieronymus of Rhodes|Hieronymus]], and [[Pamphile of Epidaurus|Pamphila]].<ref>[[Friedrich Nietzsche]], [https://archive.org/details/gesammeltewerke01nietuoft ''Gesammelte Werke''], 1920, p. 363.</ref>{{sfn|Long|1972|p=xxi}}
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