Editing Dickinson College (section)

===19th century===
[[File:Westcollege1810.jpg|thumb|left|An 1810 illustration of the original Dickinson College building, now known as West College, designed by [[Benjamin Latrobe]]]]
A combination of financial troubles and faculty dissension led to a college closing from 1816 to 1821. In 1832, when the trustees were unable to resolve a faculty curriculum dispute, they ordered Dickinson's temporary closure a second time.<ref name=hist>{{cite web |url=https://www.dickinson.edu/info/20048/history_of_the_college/1404/the_dickinson_story |title=The Dickinson Story |website=Dickinson College }}</ref><ref name="Kirp 2003"/>

The [[Penn State Dickinson Law|law school]] was founded in 1834, the [[Law school in the United States|third]] school of law established in the United States and the first in Pennsylvania. It became a separate school in 1890, although the law school and college continued to share a president until 1912. The law school is now affiliated with the [[Pennsylvania State University|Penn State University]].<ref name=hist/>

During the 19th century, two noted Dickinson College alumni had prominent roles in the lead-up to the [[American Civil War|Civil War]]. They were [[James Buchanan]], the 15th [[president of the United States]], and [[Roger Brooke Taney]], the 5th [[Chief Justice of the United States|chief justice of the United States]]. Dickinson is one of three liberal arts colleges to have graduated a president and a chief justice ([[Bowdoin College|Bowdoin]] and [[Amherst College|Amherst]] are the others). Taney led the Supreme Court in its ruling on the ''[[Dred Scott v. Sandford]]'' decision, which held that Congress could not prohibit slavery in federal territories, overturning the Missouri Compromise. Buchanan threw the full prestige of his administration behind congressional approval of the [[Lecompton Constitution]] in Kansas. During the Civil War, the campus and town of Carlisle were occupied twice by Confederate forces in 1863.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://chronicles.dickinson.edu/timeline/1851_1900.htm |title=1851-1900 Timeline |website=Chronicles |publisher=Dickinson College |access-date=2009-10-08 }}</ref>

Carlisle was also the location of the [[Carlisle Barracks]], which was converted in the late 1870s for use as the [[Carlisle Indian Industrial School]]. In 1879, Dickinson College and the nearby Carlisle Indian School began a collaboration, when [[James Andrew McCauley]], president of the college, led the first worship service at the Indian School. The collaboration between the institutions lasted almost four decades, from the opening day to the closing of the Indian School in 1918. Dickinson College professors served as chaplains and special faculty to the Native American students.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Fields|first=Katie|title=The Influential Relationships|url=https://wiki.dickinson.edu/index.php?title=Influence_from_the_Faculty_at_Dickinson|access-date=2023-01-14|website=wiki.dickinson.edu|quote=Professor Charles Francis Himes, Dr. George Edward Reed, Stephen Baird, and Joshua Lippincott fostered the relationship between the institutions through religious services, advisory meetings, lectures, and commencement speeches.}}</ref> Dickinson College students volunteered services, observed teaching methods, and participated in events at the Indian School.<ref>Dickinson students visited the Indian School to offer their talents and services. The October 24, 1896 ''Dickinsonian'' reported that volunteer Sunday School teachers came from the college chapter of the YMCA. Those teachers with Indian students were said to "enjoy a rare privilege. The work is doubly interesting because one can be studying the characteristics of his scholars, at the same time learning many valuable lessons in methods of teaching." The college gave Dickinson students a half-day holiday to attend the annual commencement and "very interesting exercises" at the Indian School.</ref> Dickinson College accepted select Indian School students to attend its Preparatory School ("Conway Hall") and gain college-level education.<!--What does this mean? Why didn't they let them attend actual college classes?--><ref>{{cite web|url=http://wiki.dickinson.edu/index.php/History_of_Conway_Hall|title=History of Conway Hall |website=Dickinson College Wiki|access-date=19 September 2014}}</ref>

When George Metzger, class of 1798, died in 1879, he left his land and $25,000 ({{Inflation|US|25000|1879|r=-3|fmt=eq}}) to the town of Carlisle to found a college for women. In 1881, the Metzger Institute opened. The college operated independently until 1913, when its building was leased to Dickinson College for the education of women. The building served as a women's dorm until 1963.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://chronicles.dickinson.edu/encyclo/m/ed_metzgerhall.html |title=Metzger Hall |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090409221647/http://chronicles.dickinson.edu/encyclo/m/ed_metzgerhall.html |archive-date=2009-04-09 |work=Chronicles |publisher=Dickinson College |access-date=2009-10-08 }}</ref>

[[File:Zatae Leola Sturgis Longsdorff Straw - Crop.jpg|thumb|170px|[[Zatae Leola Longsdorff Straw]], an 1887 graduate of the college]]
In 1887, [[Zatae Leola Longsdorff Straw|Zatae Longsdorff]] became the first woman to graduate from Dickinson.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://archives.dickinson.edu/people/zatae-longsdorff-straw-1866-1955 |title=Zatae Longsdorff Straw (1866-1955) |work=Archives & Special Collections |publisher=Dickinson College |access-date=September 2, 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://cumberlink.com/college/dickinson/women-s-history-month-zatae-longsdorff-was-considered-a-pioneer/article_74e3368b-3319-50fb-811c-692f9a2b5337.html |title=Women's History Month: Zatae Longsdorff was considered a pioneer among Dickinson College graduates |first=Joseph |last=Cress |work=[[The Sentinel (Pennsylvania)|The Sentinel]] |date=March 28, 2015 }}</ref>