Editing Demographics of Eritrea (section)

===Demographic and Health Surveys===
The [[United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs]] (UN DESA) Population Division published its ''UN DESA 2019 Revision'' (''World Population Prospects 2019'') data release<ref name="UNDESA2019_data_sources" /> based on several data samples, including the 1995 and 2002 [[Demographic and Health Surveys]] (1995 DHS, 2002 DHS) and the 2010 ''Population and Health Survey'' (2010 PHS), since a full [[census]] had not been carried out in Eritrea {{as of|2010|lc=yes}}.<ref name="PHS2010_full" />{{rp|31}}

The 1995 DHS survey was carried out in Eritrea by the Eritrean National Statistics Office (NSO) and Macro International Inc., collecting data by interviewing 5,054 women aged 15–49 and 1,114 men aged 15–59, chosen to be a statistically representative sample, from September 1995 to January 1996.<ref name="DHS1995_full" />

The 2002 DHS survey was carried out by the NSO (renamed as the ''National Statistics and Evaluation Office''), with support from the [[United States Agency for International Development]] (USAID) and ORC Macro, collecting data with interviews of 8,754 women in Eritrea in the 15–49 age range, in what was considered to be a statistically representative sample of the full population.<ref name="DHS2002_full" /> Key findings of the survey included a drop from 1995 to 2002 of fertility from 6.1 to 4.8 children per woman; improved knowledge of [[contraception]]; a drop in post-neonatal mortality; improved antenatal care; a doubling of the full vaccination rate for 12–23 month old babies from 41 to 76 percent; 38 percent of children under five years old were chronically malnourished or stunted; and near universal knowledge of [[HIV]] and [[AIDS]].<ref name="DHS2002_key_findings" />

In 2010, the NSO, supported by the [[Fafo Foundation|Fafo]] Institute for Applied International Studies, published a ''Population and Health Survey'' (EPHS2010), based on a survey covering 34,423 households by choosing 900 areas around Eritrea, 525 rural and 375 urban, and randomly selecting 40 households in each cluster. Interviews aimed to include all women aged 15–49 and men aged 15–59 who were either residents or visitors in any selected household on the night preceding the interview. Key findings compared to the 1995 DHS survey included a decrease in early childhood mortality, increased children's vaccination, decreased maternal death, and a "wide gap between knowledge and use of [[family planning]]".<ref name="PHS2010_full" />