Editing Darwin (operating system) (section)

===Kernel===
{{main|XNU|Mach (kernel)}}
The kernel of Darwin is [[XNU]], a [[hybrid kernel]] which uses OSFMK 7.3<ref name="wwdc-2000-session-106">{{cite AV media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ggnFoDqzGMU| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/ggnFoDqzGMU| archive-date=2021-12-11 | url-status=live|author=Jim Magee|title=WWDC 2000 Session 106 - Mac OS X: Kernel|minutes=14}}{{cbignore}}</ref> (Open Software Foundation [[Mach (kernel)|Mach Kernel]]) from the [[Open Software Foundation|OSF]], various elements of [[FreeBSD]] (including the process model, [[protocol stack|network stack]], and [[virtual file system]]),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/documentation/MacOSX/Conceptual/OSX_Technology_Overview/SystemTechnology/SystemTechnology.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40001067-CH207-BCICAIFJ|title=Mac Technology Overview: Kernel and Device Drivers Layer|publisher=[[Apple Developer|Apple Developer Connection]]|access-date=February 11, 2013|archive-date=March 9, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140309084505/https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/documentation/MacOSX/Conceptual/OSX_Technology_Overview/SystemTechnology/SystemTechnology.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40001067-CH207-BCICAIFJ|url-status=live}}</ref> and an object-oriented [[device driver]] [[application programming interface|API]] called [[XNU#I/O Kit|I/O Kit]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Singh|first=Amit|date=January 7, 2004|url=http://osxbook.com/book/bonus/ancient/whatismacosx/arch_xnu.html|title=XNU: The Kernel|access-date=February 11, 2013|archive-date=June 2, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200602233536/http://osxbook.com/book/bonus/ancient/whatismacosx/arch_xnu.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> The hybrid kernel design provides the flexibility of a [[microkernel]]<ref>{{Cite CiteSeerX |title=Monolithic kernel vs. Microkernel|last=Roch|first=Benjamin|citeseerx = 10.1.1.89.9877}}</ref>{{Failed verification|talk="flexibility of a microkernel"|reason=It supports &quot;microkernels are flexible&quot; but not &quot;hybrid kernels are as flexible as microkernels&quot;.|date=October 2018}} and the performance of a [[monolithic kernel]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/Porting/Conceptual/PortingUnix/additionalfeatures/additionalfeatures.html|title=Additional Features|work=Porting UNIX/Linux Applications to OS X|publisher=[[Apple Inc.]]|access-date=November 13, 2017|archive-date=November 14, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171114093407/https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/Porting/Conceptual/PortingUnix/additionalfeatures/additionalfeatures.html|url-status=live}}</ref>